AIDS-RELATED BEHAVIOUR IN ADOLESCENTS: INTERVENTION PROGRAMME WITH INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION

SUMMARY Adolescents and young adults comprise one of the fastest-growing categories of AIDS cases. The results of an opinion survey taken of 3242 adolescents raise serious doubts about the prevalent view that high-risk behaviour is attributable to insufficient information and education on AIDS: female adolescents are found to be at risk despite having the proper knowledge. Five chief factors affected the knowledge and behaviour of adolescents: age, gender, origin, family profession, and parental education. Each of the subpopulations (females, younger adolescents, children in rural areas) has its own characteristics and needs. We describe a permanent and long-term intervention programme, which might be applied in any country.     

小檗碱对培养大鼠神经细胞内游离Ca^2＋的影响

以Ｆｕｒａ２／ＡＭ为细胞内钙离子的荧光指示剂，用ＡＲＣＭＭＩＣ阳离子测定系统，直接测定了体外培养的新生大鼠神经细胞内游离钙（［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ）值，并观察了小檗碱（Ｂｅｒ）的影响。结果表明，Ｂｅｒ对神经细胞静息［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ无明显影响，Ｂｅｒ１～１００μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１能剂量依赖地抑制去甲肾上腺素和Ｈ２Ｏ２引起的［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ升高，其ＩＣ５０分别为３９．９和１７．９μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１。高剂量Ｂｅｒ（１０～１００μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１）能抑制高Ｋ＋引起的［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ升高。姐果提示，Ｂｅｒ对去甲肾上腺素，高Ｋ＋及Ｈ２Ｏ２引起的［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ升高的抑制作用可能是其抗脑缺血作用机制之一。     

Percutaneously applied ureteral clips: treatment of vesicovaginal fistula

Percutaneous techniques to manage urinary fistulas have had limited success. To overcome this, self-closing metallic clips were developed to occlude the ureter. The clips are applied through a percutaneously placed 30-F Teflon sheath. A case is reported in which the clips and new technique were successfully used.