132例男性不育患者遗传学病因分析

目的：对男性不育患者进行遗传学病因分析，并探讨其遗传效应。方法：采取132例男性不育患者外周血进行染色体核型分析。结果：132例男性不育患者中，染色体异常24例，染色体变异22例。其中大Y20例，47，XXY18例，45．XY，t(13；14)3例，小Y和46，XY，inv(9)各2例，46，XY，t(9；22)1例。结论：染色体异常是男性不育的重要原因，并建议男性不育患者进行基因诊断，以便确诊是否属于遗传病，为生育提供指导，避免盲目治疗。     

Study on hemostatic mechanism of fully soluble hemostatic fiber.

Fully soluble hemostatic fiber (FHF) is made from cotton yarn through a series of chemical reactions with NaOH and chloroacetic acid. The major component of FHF is carboxymethylcellulose. FHF is a kind of biodegradation macromolecule material that can disassociate into a low-molecular-weight compound or a simple substance by hydrolytic and enzymatic courses. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the hemostatic mechanism of FHF. The study indicated that FHF can stop bleeding by physical, chemical and physiological routes. In the physical route, expansion of carboxymethylcellulose in FHF stops bleeding by forming a mechanical clog after contacting with the blood. In the chemical route, the platelets can quickly aggregate around FHF and stimulate releasing and disaggregating reactions, after contacting with the rough surface of FHF, producing thrombus and hemostasis. In the physiological route, gluey particles with negative charges can activate intrinsic coagulation systems by activating the blood coagulation factor XII after FHF dissolution.     

外科治疗纵隔原发神经源性肿瘤的手术径路评价

目的　探讨外科治疗原发纵隔神经源性肿瘤的手术径路。方法　 1963年 3月至2 0 0 3年 9月外科治疗原发纵隔神经源性肿瘤 91例。所有病例均于术前行X线胸片检查 ,其中 65例行CT或磁共振检查。根据肿瘤的大小、部位及其是否向椎管内延伸选择不同的手术入路 ,其中胸后外侧切口 84例 ,半哈壳状切口 2例 ,高位胸后侧切口 4例 ,胸后外侧加脊柱旁切口 1例。所有病例均经病理证实并行 6个月～ 15年的术后随访。结果　本组手术切除率 97.8% ( 89/91) ,术后并发症发生率 4.4% ( 4 /91) ,无手术死亡病例。术后病理诊断良性肿瘤 79例 ( 86.8% ) ,恶性肿瘤12例 ( 13 .4% )。 1例神经纤维瘤 2年后复发经再次手术切除治愈 ;恶性肿瘤平均生存 3 8.1个月。结论　适当的手术径路是提高纵隔原发神经源性肿瘤切除率的关键。     

MRI在子宫肌瘤与子宫腺肌病鉴别诊断中的价值

目的 分析子宫肌瘤与子宫腺肌病的MRI表现特点，评价MRI在两病鉴别诊断中的价值。方法 回顾性分析66例经手术病理证实的子宫平滑肌瘤和子宫腺肌症患者MRI资料，仔细观察两病在T1W、T2W、STIR及增强后T1W像上的表现。结果 MRI对两病诊断的敏感性为100％，诊断符合率为91．7％。两种病变的T1WI信号、边界、T2WI上病灶周围的改变、病侧子宫内膜以及临近结合带的改变方面具有较大差异；而在子宫形态、T2WI信号特点及增强特点上并没有明显差别；T2WI及STIR图像对病灶的显示最清晰。结论 子宫肌瘤和子宫腺肌病由于病理基础不同，MRI表现也各有不同；选择合适的MRI检查序列与方法对两病鉴别诊断具有重要的价值。     

基因芯片快速HLA-DR52组分型

目的 用基因芯片对HLA-DR52组快速分型。方法 根据中国汉族人群常见的HLA-DRB位点及其基因多态性的独特序列，设计特异性的寡核苷酸分型探针，制成寡核苷酸芯片。通过组间特异引物扩增基因组DNA，扩增中用荧光标记，扩增标记后的产物与芯片的探针杂交，通过杂交产生的荧光信号确定样品的基因亚型。83份样本分别用基因分型芯片和序列特异性引物聚合酶链反应技术(PCR-SSP)对HLA-DR52组分型。结果PCR-SSP分型DR52组57个位点中，经芯片分型有2个无DR52组位点，3个PCR-SSP分型为DR52组纯合子，芯片为DR52组杂合子，1个PCR-SSP分型为非DR52组纯合子，芯片分型为含有1个DR52组位点的杂合子。结论 基因芯片能对HLA-DR52组快速、准确的分型，比PCR-SSP能更多的检出DR52组位点，特别是能将纯合子进一步分型，适合临床应用。     

Pharmacokinetic interactions between midazolam and propofol: an infusion study

We have tested the hypothesis that the synergistic interactionwhich occurs when midazolam and propofol are combined for i.v. sedation is caused by an increase in the free plasma concentrationof one of the drugs. Six patients undergoing general anaesthesiareceived an infusion of propofol with the addition of an infusionof midazolam commenced 30 min later. Another six patients receivedan infusion of midazolam with the addition of an infusion ofpropofol 30 min later. All infusions were administered via pharmacokineticmodel-controlled syringe pumps programmed to maintain a constantplasma concentration. Venous blood samples were taken beforeand after introduction of the second infusion for later analysis.Free plasma concentration of midazolam increased from 2.0 (SD1.5) ng mt^–1 to 2.2 (1.9) ng ml^–1 after introductionof the propofol infusion (P = 0.32). Free propofol plasma concentrationwas unchanged at 18.5 (5.3) ng ml^–1 before and 18.7 (7.8)ng ml^–1 after introduction of the midazolam infusion (P= 0.94). It was concluded that the observed synergism with thiscombination cannot be explained solely by alteration in freeplasma concentration of either of these drugs when they areadministered together. (Br. J. Anaesth. 1994; 72: 62–65)