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81.
Angela J. Jacques-Tiura Deborah A. Ellis April Idalski Carcone Sylvie Naar Kathryn Brogan Hartlieb Elizabeth K. Towner Thomas N. Templin K.-L. Catherine Jen 《The Journal of adolescent health》2019,64(3):355-361
Objective
Successful weight loss interventions for African-Americans adolescents are lacking. Cognitive-behavioral interventions seek to develop weight loss skills (e.g., counting calories, goal setting, managing one's environment). Little is known about how well adolescents implement such skills in their daily lives. Study aims were to (1) examine weight loss skills utilization at midpoint and end of a 6-month cognitive-behavioral/motivational interviewing weight loss sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART), and (2) determine if greater skill utilization predicted weight loss at treatment end and 3 months post-treatment.Method
One hundred and eighty six African-Americans adolescents with obesity and their caregiver were first randomly assigned to complete 3 months of cognitive-behavioral and motivational interviewing family-based weight loss treatment in their home or in the research office (Phase 1). Nonresponders (i.e., those who lost < 3% of initial weight, n?=?161) were rerandomized to 3 months of continued skills training (n?=?83) or contingency management (n?=?78) for Phase 2; responders were allocated to 3 months of relapse prevention (n?=?20). Adolescents’ frequency of weight loss skills utilization was assessed via questionnaire at treatment midpoint and end.Results
Higher treatment attendance was associated with better skill utilization. Higher skill utilization was associated with more weight loss at treatment end, whereas higher baseline confidence was associated with more weight loss at follow-up.Conclusions
This study indicates the importance of attending weight loss intervention sessions to develop and strengthen weight loss skills in African-American adolescents with obesity, and strengthening confidence to use such skills for continued weight loss. 相似文献82.
Chumakov E. M. Petrova N. N. Limankin O. V. Ashenbrenner Yu. V. 《Neuroscience and behavioral physiology》2022,52(1):45-51
Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology - Objective. To determine the frequency, structure, and severity of cognitive impairments in patients with bipolar affective disorder (BAD) in remission.... 相似文献
83.
84.
Estefany I. Medina-Reyes Carolina Rodríguez-Ibarra Daniel Díaz-Urbina Alejandro Déciga-Alcaraz Normal L. Delgado-Buenrostro Yolanda I. Chirino José Pedraza-Chaverri 《Journal of applied toxicology : JAT》2022,42(8):1411-1419
Food-grade titanium dioxide (E171) is widely used as a food additive, and it is known that after oral consumption, E171 is translocated into the bloodstream reaching the highest titanium level at 6 h. E171 is accumulated in some organs triggering toxicity, but the effects on the blood parameters after oral consumption have been less studied. Recently, evidence shows that oral exposure to E171 induces behavioral signs of anxiety and depression. The relation between blood alterations and psychiatric disorders has been previously demonstrated. However, the oral exposure to E171 effects on alterations in blood parameters and effects linked to alterations in animal behavior has not been explored. In this short communication, we aimed to investigate the effects of E171 on specific blood parameters (hematocrit, hemoglobin, number of erythrocytes, and leukocytes) and anxiety and compulsive-like behavior in males and females orally exposed to ~5 mg/kg for 4 weeks. The results showed that E171 decreased hematocrit and hemoglobin in male but not in female mice while leukocyte and erythrocyte count remained unaltered. Oral consumption of E171 decreased the levels of anxiety-like behavior in females but not in male mice, while compulsive-like behavior was increased in both male and female mice. 相似文献
85.
86.
Joseph F. Levy Rahul Khairnar Alexander V. Louie Timothy N. Showalter C. Daniel Mullins Mark V. Mishra 《Practical radiation oncology》2019,9(2):e172-e179
Purpose
A hydrogel rectal spacer (HRS) is a medical device that is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to increase the separation between the prostate and rectum. We conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis of HRS use for reduction in radiation therapy (RT) toxicities in patients with prostate cancer (PC) undergoing external beam RT (EBRT).Methods and Materials
A multistate Markov model was constructed from the U.S. payer perspective to examine the cost-effectiveness of HRS in men with localized PC receiving EBRT (EBRT alone vs EBRT + HRS). The subgroups analyzed included site of HRS placement (hospital outpatient, physician office, ambulatory surgery center) and proportion of patients with good baseline erectile function (EF). Data on EF, gastrointestinal and genitourinary toxicities incidence, and potential risks associated with HRS implantation were obtained from a recently published randomized clinical trial. Health utilities and costs were derived from the literature and the 2018 Physician Fee Schedule and were discounted 3% annually. Quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and costs were modeled for a 5-year period from receipt of RT. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis and value-based threshold analyses were conducted.Results
The per-patient 5-year incremental cost for spacers administered in a hospital outpatient setting was $3578, and the incremental effectiveness was 0.0371 QALYs. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was $96,440/QALY for patients with PC undergoing HRS insertion in a hospital and $39,286/QALY for patients undergoing HRS insertion in an ambulatory facility. For men with good baseline EF, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was $35,548/QALY and $9627/QALY in hospital outpatient and ambulatory facility settings, respectively.Conclusions
Based on the current Medicare Physician Fee Schedule, HRS is cost-effective at a willingness to pay threshold of $100,000. These results contain substantial uncertainty, suggesting more evidence is needed to refine future decision-making. 相似文献87.
Michael W. Manning Yi-Ju Li Dean Linder John C. Haney Yi-Hung Wu Mihai V. Podgoreanu Madhav Swaminathan Jacob N. Schroder Carmelo A. Milano Ian J. Welsby Mark Stafford-Smith Kamrouz Ghadimi 《Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia》2021,35(5):1310-1318
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88.
89.
Anna Maria Colangelo Giovanni Cirillo Lilia Alberghina Michele Papa Hans V.Westerhoff 《中国神经再生研究》2019,(2)
The recognition that neurogenesis does not stop with adolescence has spun off research towards the reduction of brain disorders by enhancing brain regeneration. Adult neurogenesis is one of the tougher problems of developmental biology as it requires the generation of complex intracellular and pericellular anatomies, amidst the danger of neuroinflammation. We here review how a multitude of regulatory pathways optimized for early neurogenesis has to be revamped into a new choreography of time dependencies. Distinct pathways need to be regulated, ranging from neural growth factor induced differentiation to mitochondrial bioenergetics, reactive oxygen metabolism, and apoptosis. Requiring much Gibbs energy consumption, brain depends on aerobic energy metabolism, hence on mitochondrial activity. Mitochondrial fission and fusion, movement and perhaps even mitoptosis, thereby come into play. All these network processes are interlinked and involve a plethora of molecules. We recommend a deep thinking approach to adult neurobiology. 相似文献
90.
Gordon K. B. Saburov V. O. Koryakin S. N. Gulidov I. A. Fatkhudinov T. Kh. Arutyunyan I. V. Kaprin A. D. Solov’ev A. N. 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》2022,173(2):281-285
Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - Fast neutron therapy, which previously has demonstrated effective results, but along with a large number of complications, can again be considered a... 相似文献