全文获取类型
收费全文 | 11410篇 |
免费 | 789篇 |
国内免费 | 30篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 81篇 |
儿科学 | 359篇 |
妇产科学 | 217篇 |
基础医学 | 1889篇 |
口腔科学 | 261篇 |
临床医学 | 1082篇 |
内科学 | 2031篇 |
皮肤病学 | 338篇 |
神经病学 | 1555篇 |
特种医学 | 448篇 |
外科学 | 935篇 |
综合类 | 59篇 |
一般理论 | 4篇 |
预防医学 | 830篇 |
眼科学 | 349篇 |
药学 | 758篇 |
中国医学 | 16篇 |
肿瘤学 | 1017篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 18篇 |
2023年 | 106篇 |
2022年 | 172篇 |
2021年 | 285篇 |
2020年 | 222篇 |
2019年 | 256篇 |
2018年 | 305篇 |
2017年 | 273篇 |
2016年 | 377篇 |
2015年 | 401篇 |
2014年 | 489篇 |
2013年 | 643篇 |
2012年 | 913篇 |
2011年 | 925篇 |
2010年 | 527篇 |
2009年 | 517篇 |
2008年 | 829篇 |
2007年 | 797篇 |
2006年 | 747篇 |
2005年 | 719篇 |
2004年 | 616篇 |
2003年 | 571篇 |
2002年 | 533篇 |
2001年 | 90篇 |
2000年 | 72篇 |
1999年 | 86篇 |
1998年 | 111篇 |
1997年 | 107篇 |
1996年 | 86篇 |
1995年 | 69篇 |
1994年 | 47篇 |
1993年 | 43篇 |
1992年 | 36篇 |
1991年 | 30篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 11篇 |
1988年 | 17篇 |
1987年 | 10篇 |
1986年 | 24篇 |
1985年 | 12篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 12篇 |
1982年 | 11篇 |
1981年 | 10篇 |
1980年 | 8篇 |
1979年 | 11篇 |
1978年 | 10篇 |
1976年 | 8篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
81.
Mak Susanne Hunt Matthew Boruff Jill Zaccagnini Marco Thomas Aliki 《Advances in health sciences education : theory and practice》2022,27(3):793-815
Advances in Health Sciences Education - Professional identity is believed to foster self-confidence and resilience in health care professionals. While literature exists describing professional... 相似文献
82.
Kerstin Kempf Martin Rhling Winfried Banzer Klaus Michael Braumann Martin Halle David McCarthy Hans Georg Predel Isabelle Schenkenberger Susanne Tan Hermann Toplak Aloys Berg Stephan Martin 《Nutrients》2021,13(5)
Lifestyle interventions, including meal replacement, are effective in the prevention and treatment of type-2-diabetes and obesity. Since insulin is the key weight regulator, we hypothesised that the addition of meal replacement to a lifestyle intervention reduces insulin levels more effectively than lifestyle intervention alone. In the international multicentre randomised controlled ACOORH (Almased Concept against Overweight and Obesity and Related Health Risk) trial, overweight or obese persons who meet the criteria for metabolic syndrome (n = 463) were randomised into two groups. Both groups received nutritional advice focusing on carbohydrate restriction and the use of telemonitoring devices. The intervention group substituted all three main meals per day in week 1, two meals per day in weeks 2–4, and one meal per day in weeks 5–26 with a protein-rich, low-glycaemic meal replacement. Data were collected at baseline and after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. All datasets providing insulin data (n = 446) were included in this predefined subanalysis. Significantly higher reductions in insulin (−3.3 ± 8.7 µU/mL vs. −1.6 ± 9.8 µU/mL), weight (−6.1 ± 5.2 kg vs. −3.2 ± 4.6 kg), and inflammation markers were observed in the intervention group. Insulin reduction correlated with weight reduction and the highest amount of weight loss (−7.6 ± 4.9 kg) was observed in those participants with an insulin decrease > 2 µU/mL. These results underline the potential for meal replacement-based lifestyle interventions in diabetes prevention, and measurement of insulin levels may serve as an indicator for adherence to carbohydrate restriction. 相似文献
83.
Ezgi Dogan-Sander Roland Mergl Anja Willenberg Ronny Baber Kerstin Wirkner Steffi G. Riedel-Heller Susanne Rhr Frank M. Schmidt Georg Schomerus Christian Sander 《Nutrients》2021,13(6)
Depression and vitamin D deficiency are major public health problems. The existing literature indicates the complex relationship between depression and vitamin D. The purpose of this study was to examine whether this relationship is moderated or mediated by inflammation. A community sample (n = 7162) from the LIFE-Adult-Study was investigated, for whom depressive symptoms were assessed via the German version of CES-D scale and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and inflammatory markers (IL-6 and CRP levels, WBC count) were quantified. Mediation analyses were performed using Hayes’ PROCESS macro and regression analyses were conducted to test moderation effects. There was a significant negative correlation between CES-D and 25(OH)D, and positive associations between inflammatory markers and CES-D scores. Only WBC partially mediated the association between 25(OH)D levels and depressive symptoms both in a simple mediation model (ab: −0.0042) and a model including covariates (ab: −0.0011). None of the inflammatory markers showed a moderation effect on the association between 25(OH)D levels and depressive symptoms. This present work highlighted the complex relationship between vitamin D, depressive symptoms and inflammation. Future studies are needed to examine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on inflammation and depressive symptomatology for causality assessment. 相似文献
84.
Fabian Heinrich Kira Meißner Felicia Langenwalder Klaus Püschel Dominik Nrz Armin Hoffmann Marc Lütgehetmann Martin Aepfelbacher Eric Bibiza-Freiwald Susanne Pfefferle Axel Heinemann 《Emerging infectious diseases》2021,27(1):329
Analyses of infection chains have demonstrated that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is highly transmissive. However, data on postmortem stability and infectivity are lacking. Our finding of nasopharyngeal viral RNA stability in 79 corpses showed no time-dependent decrease. Maintained infectivity is supported by virus isolation up to 35 hours postmortem. 相似文献
85.
Lorente Nicolas Sherriff Nigel Panochenko Oksana Marcus Ulrich Dutarte Maria Kuske Matthias Aussó Susanna Huber Jörg Krone Michael Schink Susanne Barbara Cawley Caoimhe Casabona Jordi Folch Cinta 《Journal of community health》2021,46(3):545-556
Journal of Community Health - Little is known about Community Health Workers (CHWs) who work in non-clinical settings to provide sexual health support around HIV, viral hepatitis, and other... 相似文献
86.
Susanne Broekema MSc Wolter Paans PhD Alberta T. Oosterhoff PhD Petrie F. Roodbol PhD Marie Louise A. Luttik PhD 《Health & social care in the community》2021,29(1):259-269
The aim of this study is to propose a model of the benefits and working mechanisms of family nursing conversations in home healthcare from the perspective of participating patients and their family members. Family nursing conversations in this study are intended to optimise family functioning, improve collaboration between family and professional caregivers and ultimately prevent or reduce overburden of family caregivers. In a qualitative grounded theory design, data were collected in 2017 using intensive interviewing with participants of family nursing conversations in home healthcare. A total of 26 participants (9 patients and 17 family members) from 11 families participated in a family nursing conversation and the study. Seven nurses who received extensive education in family nursing conversations conducted them as part of their daily practice. Interviews occurred 4–6 weeks after the family nursing conversation. The model that was constructed in close collaboration with the families consists of three parts. The first part outlines working mechanisms of the conversation itself according to participants, i.e. structured and open communication about the care situation and the presence of all of the people who are involved. The second part consists of the benefits that participants experienced during and immediately after the conversation – an increased sense of overview and improved contact among the people involved – and the related working mechanisms. The last part consists of benefits that emerged in the weeks after the conversation – reduced caregiver burden and improved quality of care – and the related working mechanisms. Insight into the benefits and working mechanisms of family nursing conversations may assist healthcare professionals in their application of the intervention and provides directions for outcomes and processes to include in future studies. 相似文献
87.
Sara W. Jones PhD Susanne Darra PhD Mike Davies Catherine Jones MSc student Wendy Sunderland-Evans Mike R. M. Ward PhD 《Health & social care in the community》2021,29(4):1115-1125
Children of young and socially disadvantaged parents are more likely to experience adverse outcomes. In response to this, a unique young families’ project in Swansea, UK, was created, which drew together a team of multi-agency professionals, to support people aged 16–24 from 17 weeks of pregnancy throughout 1,001 days of the child's life. The aim of the JIGSO (the Welsh word for Jigsaw) project is for young people to reach their potential as parents and to break the cycle of health and social inequality. This evaluation analysed routinely collected data held by the project from January 2017 to December 2018 exploring health and social outcomes, including smoking and alcohol use in pregnancy, breastfeeding, maternal diet and social services outcomes. Outcomes were compared to local and national averages, where available. Data relating to parenting knowledge and skills were available via records of 10-point Likert scales, one collected at the start of the JIGSO involvement and one around 4–6 months later. Findings showed higher than average levels of breastfeeding initiation and lower smoking and alcohol use in pregnancy. Parents also reported enhanced knowledge and confidence in their child care skills, as well as improved family relationships. Parents with high levels of engagement with JIGSO also appeared to have positive outcomes with Social Services (their child's name was removed from child protection register or their case was closed to social services). This was a post-hoc evaluation, not an intervention study or trial, and thus findings must be interpreted with caution. Despite this, the findings are promising and more prospective research exploring similar services is required. 相似文献
88.
Reactivity of human sera in a sensitive, high-throughput pseudovirus-based papillomavirus neutralization assay for HPV16 and HPV18 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
Pastrana DV Buck CB Pang YY Thompson CD Castle PE FitzGerald PC Krüger Kjaer S Lowy DR Schiller JT 《Virology》2004,321(2):205-216
Sensitive high-throughput neutralization assays, based upon pseudoviruses carrying a secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) reporter gene, were developed and validated for human papillomavirus (HPV)16, HPV18, and bovine papillomavirus 1 (BPV1). SEAP pseudoviruses were produced by transient transfection of codon-modified papillomavirus structural genes into an SV40 T antigen expressing line derived from 293 cells, yielding sufficient pseudovirus from one flask for thousands of titrations. In a 96-well plate format, in this initial characterization, the assay was reproducible and appears to be as sensitive as, but more specific than, a standard papillomavirus-like particle (VLP)-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The neutralization assay detected type-specific HPV16 or HPV18 neutralizing antibodies (titers of 160-10240) in sera of the majority of a group of women infected with the corresponding HPV type, but not in virgin women. Sera from HPV16 VLP vaccinees had high anti-HPV16 neutralizing titers (mean: 45000; range: 5120-163840), but no anti-HPV18 neutralizing activity. The SEAP pseudovirus-based neutralization assay should be a practical method for quantifying potentially protective antibody responses in HPV natural history and prophylactic vaccine studies. 相似文献
89.
Podbielski A Beckert S Schattke R Leithäuser F Lestin F Gossler B Kreikemeyer B 《International journal of medical microbiology : IJMM》2003,293(2-3):179-190
Intracellularly persistent group A streptococci (GAS, Streptococcus pyogenes) have been associated with recurrent tonsillopharyngitis and antibiotic treatment failure. As a supplementation of the published in vitro data, conventional bacteriology and molecular epidemiology was performed on material from 29 adult patients of a German army hospital with anamnestic signs of recurrent tonsillopharyngitis. Pre-surgery tonsil swabs and the surgically removed tonsils were examined with respect to growth of aerobic bacteria in absence and presence of antibiotics with exclusively extracellular activity. Under such antibiotic selection, Staphylococcus aureus and GAS were cultured from specimens of 13 and 3 patients, respectively. In every material GAS-positive by culture methods, the intracellular location of the penicillin-susceptible GAS isolates was confirmed by immunohistologic examination of tonsillar sections using a GAS-specific IgG antibody. The three intracellular GAS isolates were typed by emm gene sequencing and could be associated to types M6 and M49 (two isolates). The bacteria were serially passaged on sheep blood agar, and semiquantitative mRNA analysis from virulence genes was performed using bacteria of the 4th and 25th passage after isolation. An M-type-specific pattern of virulence gene expression and different gene expression levels in relation to the passage number were observed. 相似文献
90.
Susanne Danhauser-Riedl Edith Hausmann Hans-D. Schick Rita Bender Hermann Dietzfelbinger Johann Rastetter Axel-R. Hanauske 《Investigational new drugs》1993,11(2-3):187-195
Coupling of anthracyclines to high-molecular-weight carriers may alter drug disposition and improve antitumor effects. We have performed a clinical phase I trial of doxorubicin coupled to dextran (70000 m.w.). The drug was administered as single dose i.v. every 21–28 days. Thirteen patients have received a total of 24 courses (median 2; range 1–3). At the starting dose of 40 mg/m2 doxorubicin equivalent (DOXeq), WHO grade IV thrombocytopenia was noted in 2/2 patients. WHO grade IV hepatotoxicity and WHO grade III cardiotoxicity were noted in a patient with preexisting heart disease. Five patients were treated with 12.5 mg/m2 DOXeq. Maximal toxicity at this dose level was WHO grade III thrombocytopenia and local phlebitis (WHO grade II) in 1/5 patients, elevation of alkaline phosphatase (WHO grade III) and WHO grade III vomiting in another patient. Subsequently, five patients received 20 mg/m2 DOXeq. Hepatotoxicity was noted in 5/5 patients (1 × WHO grade IV, 1 × WHO grade III). Thrombocytopenia was noted in 3/5 patients (1 × WHO grade IV, 2 × WHO grade III). At 12.5 mg/m2 DOXeq, a patient diagnosed with a malignant fibrous histiocytoma had stable disease for 4 months. Pharmacokinetic analyses of total and free doxorubicin were performed in plasma and urine. The maximum peak plasma concentration (ppc) for total DOX was 12.3 g/ml at 40 mg/m2 DOXeq. The area under the plasma concentration time curve (AUC) ranged from 28.83–80.21 g/ml*h with dose-dependent elimination half lives (t1/2: 0.02–0.87 h;1/2: 2.69–11.58 h;1/2: 41.44–136.58 h). We conclude that the maximal tolerated dose (MTD) of AD-70 using this schedule is 40 mg/m2 DOXeq. The recommended dose for clinical phase II studies is 12.5 mg/m2 DOXeq.Abbreviations ALT
Alanine Aminotransferase
- AST
Aspartate Aminotransferase
- DOX
Doxorubicin
- DOXeq
Doxorubicin Equivalent
- ECG
Electrocardiogram
- HPLC
High Pressure Liquid Chromatography
- LD10
Lethal Dose for 10% of individuals
- MTD
Maximal Tolerated Dose
- ppc
Peak Plasma Concentration
- WHO
World Health Organisation 相似文献