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91.
The effect of ginseng total saponin (GTS) on amphetamine (AMPH)-induced disruption of fixed-interval (FI) responding in rats was examined. GTS (50 mg/kg) significantly improved the temporal responding impaired by 2 mg/kg of AMPH. A higher dose of 100 mg/kg GTS disrupted performance when given alone; this disruption was reversed by a low dose of AMPH (0.5 mg/kg) and tolerance developed to the effects of GTS with its repeated administration. Neurochemical analysis revealed that GTS (50 mg/kg) attenuated the increase in striatal dopamine caused by AMPH leading to the conclusion that brain dopamine may partially mediate the behavioral effects of GTS. 相似文献
92.
(-)-Epiafzelechin: cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitor and anti-inflammatory agent from aerial parts of Celastrus orbiculatus. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
K R Min B Y Hwang H S Lim B S Kang G J Oh J Lee S H Kang K S Lee J S Ro Y Kim 《Planta medica》1999,65(5):460-462
An inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 activity of prostaglandin H2 synthase was isolated from aerial parts of Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb. (Celastraceae), an oriental folk medicine for rheumatoid arthritis by activity-guided column chromatographic methods. The COX inhibitor was identified as (-)-epiafzelechin, a member of flavan-3-ols by the structural analysis with HR-EI-mass, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectral data. The compound exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition on the COX activity with an IC50 value of 15 microM. (-)-Epiafzelechin exhibited about 3-fold weaker inhibitory potency on the enzyme activity than indomethacin as a positive control. (-)-Epiafzelechin exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity on carrageenin-induced mouse paw edema when the compound (100 mg/kg) was orally administrated at 1 h before carrageenin treatment. 相似文献
93.
Yong -Hyun Kim Do -Youn Won Chang -Young Oh Nam -Tae Woo Young -Ho Park Jin -Hyun Jeong Won -Hun Ham 《Archives of pharmacal research》1999,22(3):300-301
Stereoselective synthesis of (+/-)-epibatidine analog 2, which contains the 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane ring system, was achieved by using palladium-catalyzed Heck-type coupling reaction from 3. 相似文献
94.
Oh Kee Kwon Kyu-Chang Wang Chong Jai Kim In-One Kim Je G. Chi Byung-Kyu Cho 《Child's nervous system》1996,12(10):633-636
Primary spinal cord primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) is a rare entity. In all, 13 cases have been reported in the literature, including 3 with intracranial seeding. A 3-month-old girl with involvement of the spinal cord below the mid-thoracic level is described. The brain MRI revealed findings indicative of seeding along the intracranial subarachnoid space. Biopsy, duraplasty and removal of laminotomy flap were done. In spite of a good response to the first cycle of postoperative 8-drugs-in-a-day chemotherapy, further treatment was refused. She died 21 days after the onset of leg weakness, which reveals the rapid progression of untreated cases. To our knowledge, this is the first case of spinal cord PNET with parenchymal involvement that has been described in an infant. 相似文献
95.
The Gastric Bypass for Failed Bariatric Surgical Procedures 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Background: Revision of failed bariatric surgical procedures is a significant challenge for every bariatric surgeon. Methods:
Evaluated are surgical difficulties, management problems and weight loss in patients with distal gastric bypass as a revisionary
procedure. Eighty patients were followed up to 3 years; four were lost to follow-up. Mean age was 43; mean prebariatric surgery
weight 134 kg; height 1.65 meters; body mass index 40.1; ideal body weight 62.7 kg; excess weight 70.5 kg; per cent excess
weight 214%. A 250 cm stomach-to-ileocecal valve segment of small bowel was used, and the biopancreatic secretions were brought
into the terminal ileum 100 cm from the ileocecal valve. Mean pouch size was 63 cc; length of hospital stay 5 days; operative
blood loss 616 cc; operative time 130 min. Results: Intraoperative complications included three splenic injuries (without
splenectomy). Early complications included one deep vein thrombosis, two marginal ulcers, one GI hemorrhage, one wound dehiscence,
one pouch outlet obstruction and one pancreatitis. Late complications included: one death from protein malnutrition/ARDS;
21 hypoproteinemia; six protein malnutrition, and of these, three had hyperalimentation; three cholecystitis; 27 anemia; 22
incisional hernia; two staple-line disruption (reoperated); 26 low serum iron; 11 prolonged (> 6 months) diarrhea; three prolonged
frequent vomiting; and two unrelated deaths (chronic myelogenous leukemia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis). Mean excess
weight loss was 83% at 12 months; 89% at 24 months; and 94% at 36 months. Conclusion: The distal gastric bypass is fraught
with the operative and immediate post-operative complications experienced in any revisionary bariatric surgery. Distal gastric
bypass is very effective in producing long-term weight loss. Nutritional problems are common but usually easily corrected.
The most serious nutritional complication is protein malnutrition, which must be identified and corrected early. Success of
this procedure is dependent upon patient compliance with proper nutrition and supplements, and regular office follow-up with
monitoring of laboratory data. Patients who are noncompliant are at significant risk for complications. 相似文献
96.
The absorption mechanism of several penicillins was characterized using in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion in the rat. The intrinsic membrane parameters were determined using a modified boundary layer model (fitted value +/- S.E.): Jmax* = 11.78 +/- 1.88 mM, Km = 15.80 +/- 2.92 mM, Pm* = 0, Pc* = 0.75 +/- 0.04 for ampicillin; Jmax* = 0.044 +/- 0.018 mM, Km = 0.058 +/- 0.026 mM, Pm* = 0.558 +/- 0.051, Pc* = 0.757 +/- 0.088 for amoxicillin; and Jmax* = 16.30 +/- 3.40 mM, Km = 14.00 +/- 3.30 mM, Pm* = 0, Pc* = 1.14 +/- 0.05 for cyclacillin. All of the aminopenicillins studied demonstrated saturable absorption kinetics as indicated by their concentration-dependent wall permeabilities. Inhibition studies were performed to confirm the existence of a nonpassive absorption mechanism. The intrinsic wall permeability (Pw*) of 0.01 mM ampicillin was significantly lowered by 1 mM amoxicillin and the Pw* of 0.01 mM amoxicillin was reduced by 2 mM cephradine consistent with competitive inhibition. 相似文献
97.
Prof. T. E. Oh S. Bhatt E. S. Lin R. C. Hutchinson J. M. Low 《Intensive care medicine》1991,17(4):199-203
Previous studies on oxygen consumption (
) during weaning from mechanical ventilation assumed that an increase in
(
) reflected oxygen consumption by respiratory muscles (
), and proposed
as a weaning predictor. We measured
CO2 production (
) and plasma catecholamines in 20 short-term ventilated patients during weaning by SIMV and CPAP.
as a percentage of
during spontaneous ventilation (
%) ranged from 4.8% to 41.5%.
also increased and correlated with
. Plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline increased significantly to levels known to produce considerable increases in metabolic rate. Mean arterial pressure and heart rate concomitantly increased, but spontaneous minute ventilation decreased. Thus, since the increased plasma catecholamines are calorigenic, the assumption that
represents
is incorrect. Although mean
% of successfully weaned patients was significantly less than that of failure-to-wean patients, the wide scatter of individual values in the latter group excludes
% as an accurate weaning predictor. 相似文献
98.
Selective neuronal survival and upregulation of PCNA in the rat inner retina following transient ischemia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ju WK Kim KY Hofmann HD Kim IB Lee MY Oh SJ Chun MH 《Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology》2000,59(3):241-250
In this study we investigated the extent and time course of neuronal cell death and the regulation of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the different retinal cell layers following ischemia-reperfusion injury. Retinal ischemia was induced by controlled elevation of the intraocular pressure for a duration of 60 min. Changes in thickness and cell numbers in the retinal cell layers were analyzed at various time points (1 h to 4 weeks) after reperfusion. In parallel, apoptotic cell death was determined by the TUNEL method and the expression of PCNA analyzed by immunocytochemistry. In addition, we tested whether PCNA is expressed in neurons by double immunocytochemistry. The reduction in thickness was found to be less pronounced in the inner nuclear layer (INL). Correspondingly, cell numbers decreased by only 33% in the inner retina, but by more than 80% in the outer nuclear layer (ONL). Alterations in glial cell numbers did not contribute significantly to postischemic changes in the INL and ONL as assessed by using immunocytochemical markers for microglial and Müller cells. The time course of cell death determined by the TUNEL technique also differed markedly in the retinal layers being rapid and transient in the inner retina but delayed and prolonged in the ONL. PCNA immunoreactivity was undetectable in the normal retina, but was specifically induced in neurons of the inner retina within 1 h after reperfusion and was sustained for at least 4 weeks. We conclude that in contrast to photoreceptors in the ONL, a significant proportion of inner retinal neurons is resistant to ischemic insult induced by transiently increased intraocular pressure and that PCNA may possibly play a role in the selective postischemic survival of these cells. 相似文献
99.
Histoclinical Analysis of Early Colorectal Cancer 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
To evaluate the clinicopathologic characteristics of early colorectal cancer (ECC), histopathologic and clinical features
of 90 ECC patients who underwent surgical resection (not including the endoscopic polypectomized cases) and 1704 patients
with advanced colorectal cancer were analyzed. Smaller size, better histologic differentiation, less lymph node (LN) metastasis,
and better clinical outcome were observed in those with ECC than in patients with more advanced lesions. LN metastasis was
found in 5 patients with ECC among the 56 patients who underwent bowel resection (8.9%). Tumors with LN metastasis were more
frequently associated with deep submucosal invasion, absence of an adenomatous component within the tumor, sessile configuration,
and lymphovascular invasion. Tumors showing deep submucosal layer invasion were associated with a more unfavorable histologic
grade, lymphovascular invasion, LN metastasis, sessile morphology, and absence of an adenomatous component within the tumor.
Recurrence was observed in two patients who underwent local excision for their submucosal cancer. One of the patients was
salvaged after bowel resection, but one patient died of distant metastasis. From our data analysis and literature review,
extensive submucosal invasion, lymphovascular invasion, sessile configuration, and tumors with no adenomatous component should
be considered high risk factors for LN metastasis and recurrence after limited therapy. 相似文献
100.
It has been suggested that transient osteoporosis or the bone marrow oedema syndrome (BMOS) may be the initial phase of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) and that there may be a common pathophysiology. In this study, we have assessed the MR images of 200 consecutive patients with ONFH in respect of the BMO pattern in order to test this hypothesis. This pattern was not observed in the early stage of ONFH. The initial abnormal finding detected on the MR images was an abnormal band of intensity at the junction between the necrotic area and the normal bone. Structural damage of the head seems to result in the appearance of the BMO pattern and the development of pain in ONFH. There was no finding to support the existence of a continuum between BMOS and ONFH. 相似文献