影响去离子水质量的主要因素及排除方法

利用电渗析和离子交换柱除去原水中的各种杂质可得到去离子水．而去离子水的质量直接决定了医用注射液的质量。通过近二年的实际操作．列出了与去离子质量有关的主要因素，并提出一些相应见解。     

Ischemic necrosis of the entire femoral head and rapidly destructive hip disease: potential causative relationship

 Objective. Rapidly destructive hip disease (RDHD) is an uncommon disorder of the hip that has been considered a disease of unknown cause and distinct from ischemic necrosis of the femoral head. The objective of this study was to investigate ischemic necrosis of the femoral head as one potential cause of RDHD. Design and patients. In 600 patients who underwent MR imaging of the hip, 20 cases of ischemic necrosis involving the entire femoral head in 18 patients (3%) were retrospectively studied with routine radiography and MR imaging. All patients had surgically confirmed ischemic necrosis of the femoral head. Results and conclusions. All patients showed rapid destruction of the femoral head on routine radiography and MR imaging as compared with the gradual onset of clinical symptoms. Plain radiographs showed several bone fragments at the inferomedial aspect of the femoral head (75%), acetabular erosions (55%), eccentric depression at the lateral articular surface of the femoral head conforming to the adjacent acetabulum (35%), and mild osteoarthritis (15%). Bone sclerosis was often present at sites of impaction between the femoral head and the acetabulum. MR imaging showed marked distention of the joint capsule in all cases. In 14 of 20 cases, the contents of the joint space showed predominantly low or intermediate signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted images. Ischemic necrosis involving the entire femoral head may represent one of the causes of RDHD.     

血管紧张素Ⅱ受体—1在清醒大鼠血压波动性调节中的作用

目的：探讨血管紧张素Ⅱ受体－１（ＡＴ１受体）在清醒ＷＫＹ大鼠和自发性高血压大鼠（ＳＨＲ）血压波动性（ＢＰＶ）调节的作用。方法：应用计算机化清醒自由活动大鼠血流动力学监测技术，分别观察了：（１）静注新型非肽类ＡＴ１受体拮抗剂Ｌｏｓａｒｔａｎ（Ｌｏｓ）；９２）静注神经节阻断剂氯异朵铵；（３）静注Ｃｈｌｏｒ和Ｌｏｓ；（４）静滴血管紧张素Ⅱ（ＡＮＧⅡ）及静注Ｃｈｌｏｒ后静滴ＡＮＧⅡ对ＷＫＹ大鼠和ＳＨＲ血压     

三种方案治疗小儿肺炎的药物经济学研究

目的：比较三种方案治疗小儿细菌性肺炎的效率（即费用－效果）。方法：2001年－2002年采用前瞻性随性临床试验A组50例，B组50例，C组50例作为分析模型，以深圳市二级甲等医院收费为标准，采用决策树的分析方法，进行费用一效果分析。结果：每治疗1例有效病人，A、B、C三组方案的期望成本分别为4707．45元，3052．51元，结论：同时考虑临床疗效及医疗费用，C组有最好的费用－效果，值得临床推广应用。     

Prognostic significance of cytochemical analysis of leukemic M2 blasts

Cytochemical analysis of leukemic blasts from 46 patients with acute myeloblastic M2 leukemia (according to the FAB classification) was performed before and after cytostatic therapy, and compared with findings obtained in 20 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Cytochemical findings for myeloperoxidase (MPO), Sudan black B, acid phosphatase and alpha-naphthyl-acetate esterase (ANAE) were related to the achievement of the first complete remission (CR),i.e. data were compared after the patients had been divided into CR and non-CR groups. The analysis clearly showed that a high proportion of myeloperoxidase- and, to a lesser extent, Sudan black B-positive blasts before treatment may have constituted a significantly unfavourable prognostic factor.     

Acquired factor XI inhibitor in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

A 71 year old man with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) experienced excessive bleeding following transurethral resection of the prostate. Investigations showed a prolonged kaolin cephalin clotting time (KCCT) with low concentrations of factor XI. The prolonged KCCT was largely corrected by mixing with normal plasma but this correction was lost on incubation, confirming the presence of an inhibitor. He was treated with pulsed methylprednisolone and chlorambucil which resulted in the resolution of the bleeding problem and the loss of detectable circulating inhibitor.     

Central pontine myelinolysis in liver transplantation.

Five cases of central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) were detected by neuropathological examination in a series of 50 patients coming to necropsy after liver transplantation. One patient also had extrapontine myelinolysis. In no case was the diagnosis made during life. Only two patients showed rapid rises in serum sodium concentrations. The incidence of hyponatraemia, before and after transplantation, and rapid rises in serum sodium in patients with CPM was significantly greater than in the 45 patients showing no neuropathological evidence of CPM. It is concluded that there is a high incidence of CPM after liver transplantation, that clinical diagnosis is difficult, and that there is no simple direct correlation between rapid serum sodium changes and the development of this condition. Avoidance of major electrolyte fluctuations at the time of liver transplantation is recommended but it must be emphasised that CPM may occur without any rapid rise in serum sodium concentration.