Recurrent peripheral embolism following nonunion of the clavicle

Vascular complications in closed clavicular fractures are uncommon, with an incidence of only 0.4%. Subclavian artery injury can present acutely or can have a delayed presentation with arm ischemia. We report the case of an undetected subclavian pseudoaneurysm in a patient with a nonunion fracture clavicle who was referred with persistent ischemia following attempted brachial embolectomy at another center, along with a review of literature to support the hypothesis that in addition to repair of the aneurysm, treatment of the psuedarthrosis by fixation of the clavicle is essential.     

Lateral releases of the subscapularis tendon

The technique of arthroscopic subscapularis repair continues to evolve. A three-sided subscapularis release (e.g. anterior, posterior, superior) is commonly advocated for improving tendon excursion to bone. However, a lateral release is commonly required as well, particularly for full thickness, upper subscapularis tears and full thickness, complete subscapularis tears. We describe the techniques to identify and release the lateral subscapularis border, which aids in the completion of other releases.     

Identification and amplification of microsatellite loci in deep-sea tubeworms of the genus Escarpia (Polychaeta, Siboglinidae)

Deep-sea cold seeps support diverse communities that include vestimentiferan tubeworms of the genus Escarpia. To investigate population structure to understand how deep-sea communities are established, several polymorphic microsatellites were developed using 454 pyrosequencing. Eleven and sixteen loci were identified in Escarpia laminata (n = 129) and Escarpia southwardae (n = 80). Additionally, the amplification of microsatellites is expected to be successful in closely related species and can help resolve their phylogenetic relationships. Nine of the E. laminata loci were amplified across three Escarpia species (n = 229). Four of the twenty-eight loci deviated from Hardy–Weinburg Equilibrium and no linkage disequilibrium was found in the loci tested here.     

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored protein deficiency serves as a reliable reporter of Pig‐a gene Mutation: Support from an in vitro assay based on L5178Y/Tk+/− cells and the CD90.2 antigen

Lack of cell surface glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)‐anchored protein(s) has been used as a reporter of Pig‐a gene mutation in several model systems. As an extension of this work, our laboratory initiated development of an in vitro mutation assay based on the flow cytometric assessment of CD90.2 expression on the cell surface of the mouse lymphoma cell line L5178Y/Tk^+/?. Cells were exposed to mutagenic and nonmutagenic compounds for 24 hr followed by washout and incubation for an additional 7 days. Following this mutant manifestation time, cells were labeled with fluorescent antibodies against CD90.2 and CD45 antigens. These reagents indicated the presence of GPI‐anchored proteins and general cell surface membrane receptor integrity, respectively. Instrument set‐up was aided by parallel processing of a GPI anchor‐deficient subclone. Results show that the mutagens reproducibly caused increased frequencies of mutant phenotype cells, while the nonmutagens did not. Further modifications to the method, including application of a viability dye and an isotype control for instrument set‐up, were investigated. As a means to verify that the GPI‐anchored protein‐negative phenotype reflects bona fide Pig‐a gene mutation, sequencing was performed on 38 CD90.2‐negative L5178Y/Tk^+/? clones derived from cultures treated with ethyl methanesulfonate. All clones were found to have mutation(s) within the Pig‐a gene. The continued investigation of L5178Y/Tk^+/? cells, CD90.2 labeling, and flow cytometric analysis as the basis of an in vitro mutation assay is clearly supported by this work. These data also provide evidence of the reliability of using GPI anchor‐deficiency as a valid reporter of Pig‐a gene mutation. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 59:18–29, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

What Are the Best Predictors of Opinions of Mental Illness in the Indian Population?

Mental illness affects millions of people around the world, and yet support, advocacy, and acceptance of people with psychological disabilities is lacking. The stigma of mental illness hinders those who want and need help from getting it, which only perpetuates the problem. The purpose of this study was to identify those factors that have predictive value for opinions of mental illness. Mechanical Turk was used to distribute the Opinions of Mental Illness scale along with a demographics survey. Taking part in the initial survey were 195 people (82 females) of Indian descent. Utilizing a backwards stepwise regression, we constructed a model that included the four most influential factors. Gender, political affiliation, parental nurturing, and age emerged as the best predictors of opinions of mental illness within the Indian population.     

Completion of Primary Care Referrals Among New York State Refugees

An important component of the New York State Refugee Health Program’s (NYSRHP) mission is to ensure refugees with identified medial conditions are referred to primary and specialty care. A programmatic evaluation was conducted to assess the completion rate for primary care referral appointments made during the initial domestic health assessment among refugees in NYS (exclusive of New York City). Upon arrival in NYS, refugees may receive a domestic health assessment by one of NYSRHP contracted providers. As part of the assessment, referrals for primary and specialty care may be assigned. From July 2010 to June 2011, 69 % of NYS-bound refugees that received a primary care referral by a NYSRHP contracted provider completed their appointment.     

Editorial Commentary: SLAP Repair—The Anterosuperior Portal for Anchor Placement Is Best

The anterosuperior rotator interval portal for SLAP repair anchor placement is the perfect balance between obtaining the proper anchor trajectory and respecting the rotator cuff integrity.