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61.
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Steffen Robert Tornieporth Nadia Costa Clemens Sue-Ann Chatterjee Santanu Cavalcanti Ana-Maria Collard Françoise De Clercq Norbert DuPont Herbert L. von Sonnenburg Frank 《Journal of travel medicine》2004,11(4):231-238
Background Recent epidemiologic data on travelers— diarrhea (TD) are essential for the evaluation of conventional and future prophylactic and therapeutic measures.
Methods To determine the epidemiology, including risk factors, impact and quality-of-life evaluation of TD, a cross-sectional survey was conducted over 12 months at the airports of Mombasa (Kenya), Goa (India), Montego Bay (Jamaica) and Fortaleza (Brazil) by distributing questionnaires to visitors just prior to their flying home. The study period was March 1996 to July 1998.
Results Overall, 73,630 short-term visitors completed a questionnaire. The total diarrhea attack rate varied between a high of 54.6% in Mombasa and a low of 13.6% in Fortaleza, but only between 31.5% and 5.4% of all travelers had classic TD. The 14-day incidence rates varied between 19.5% and 65.7%. Few travelers meticulously avoided potentially dangerous food items, although in India and Kenya most travelers avoided those considered most dangerous. Risk factors were stays exceeding 1 week, age between 15 and 30 years, and residence in the UK. The impact, measured as incapacity or quality-of-life scores, was very considerable.
Conclusions TD continues to affect vacationers and business travelers as frequently as it did some 20 years ago. Compliance with recommendations to reduce exposure to pathogens by avoiding dangerous food items is poor among travelers from all countries. Implementation of food safety education programs may be difficult to achieve. 相似文献
Methods To determine the epidemiology, including risk factors, impact and quality-of-life evaluation of TD, a cross-sectional survey was conducted over 12 months at the airports of Mombasa (Kenya), Goa (India), Montego Bay (Jamaica) and Fortaleza (Brazil) by distributing questionnaires to visitors just prior to their flying home. The study period was March 1996 to July 1998.
Results Overall, 73,630 short-term visitors completed a questionnaire. The total diarrhea attack rate varied between a high of 54.6% in Mombasa and a low of 13.6% in Fortaleza, but only between 31.5% and 5.4% of all travelers had classic TD. The 14-day incidence rates varied between 19.5% and 65.7%. Few travelers meticulously avoided potentially dangerous food items, although in India and Kenya most travelers avoided those considered most dangerous. Risk factors were stays exceeding 1 week, age between 15 and 30 years, and residence in the UK. The impact, measured as incapacity or quality-of-life scores, was very considerable.
Conclusions TD continues to affect vacationers and business travelers as frequently as it did some 20 years ago. Compliance with recommendations to reduce exposure to pathogens by avoiding dangerous food items is poor among travelers from all countries. Implementation of food safety education programs may be difficult to achieve. 相似文献
63.
Steffen Eickhardt Peter Braendstrup Erik Clasen‐Linde Karl E. Jensen Morten Alhede Thomas Bjarnsholt Niels Høiby Lars Vindeløv Claus Moser 《APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica》2013,121(5):456-459
Post‐transplant infections in allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplant (allo‐HCT) recipients often have severe consequences. This is especially the case when dealing with zygomycete infections where the result is often fatal. A major problem when dealing with zygomycete infections is the need for an accurate and fast diagnosis as the phylum is highly resistant towards the conventional antifungals. We herein describe a non‐fatal case of Lichtheimia corymbifera infection in an allo‐HCT recipient. 相似文献
64.
Cheryl L. Albright Alana D. Steffen Rachel Novotny Claudio R. Nigg Lynne R. Wilkens Kara Saiki 《Women & health》2013,53(3):265-291
During the postpartum period, ethnic minority women have higher rates of inactivity/under-activity than white women. The Nā Mikimiki (“the active ones”) Project is designed to increase moderate-to-vigorous physical activity over 18 months among multiethnic women with infants 2–12 months old. The study was designed to test, via a randomized controlled trial, the effectiveness of a tailored telephone counseling of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity intervention compared to a print/website materials-only condition. Healthy, underactive women (mean age = 32 ± 5.6 years) with a baby (mean age = 5.7 ± 2.8 months) were enrolled from 2008–2009 (N = 278). Of the total sample, 84% were ethnic minority women, predominantly Asian–American and Native Hawaiian. Mean self-reported baseline level of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was 40 minutes/week with no significant differences by study condition, ethnicity, infant's age, maternal body mass index, or maternal employment. Women had high scores on perceived benefits, self-efficacy, and environmental support for exercise but low scores on social support for exercise. This multiethnic sample's demographic and psychosocial characteristics and their perceived barriers to exercise were comparable to previous physical activity studies conducted largely with white postpartum women. The Nā Mikimiki Project's innovative tailored technology-based intervention and unique population are significant contributions to the literature on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in postpartum women. 相似文献
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66.
Golo Petzold Melissa Porsche Volker Ellenrieder Steffen Kunsch Albrecht Neesse 《Ultrasound in medicine & biology》2019,45(2):402-410
The aim was to evaluate the influence of food intake on liver stiffness measurement (LSM), performed with 2-D shear wave elastography (Logiq E9, GE Medical Systems, Wauwatosa, WI, USA). One hundred healthy volunteers were prospectively enrolled. Mean age was 25.8 (19–55) y, and mean body mass index was 22.43 (17.3–30.8) kg/m². Patients fasted for at least 3 h and subsequently ingested a liquid meal of 800 kcal. Liver stiffness and portal vein velocity were measured before and after food intake. Food intake resulted in significantly higher LSM values compared with baseline LSM (5.74 ± 0.94 kPa vs. 4.80 ± 0.94 kPa, p < 0.001). On multiple linear regression analysis, body mass index was significantly positively correlated with the LSM increase after food intake (p?=?0.01). No correlation between the increase in LSM and the increase in post-prandial portal vein velocity was observed (r?=?0.09). In summary, food intake has a significant influence on LSM. There is an 11% risk of misclassifying non-fasting, healthy patients as having significant fibrosis. 相似文献
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