Aerobic exercise training and cardiovascular reactivity to psychological stress in sedentary young normotensive men and women

Forty-five (22 women) sedentary young (18-30 years old) nonsmoking normotensive volunteers engaged in either 6 weeks of aerobic training (AT), weight training (WT), or a no-treatment (NT) condition to determine whether AT lowers systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, heart rate (HR), and rate-pressure product (RPP) during rest, psychological stress, and recovery periods. Estimated VO(2)max increased for the AT (32.1+/-1.1 to 38.4+/-1.0 ml.kg(-1).min(-1)). A smaller increase for the WT (30.5+/-1.1 to 33.8+/-1.0) was likely due to increased leg strength, and VO(2)max did not change for the NT (32.5+/-1.1 to 32.9+/-1.0). Heart rate and RPP levels were lower during psychological stress and recovery after training for AT relative to the WT and NT. Overall SBP was also lower in the AT relative to the NT but not the WT. In conclusion, aerobic training lowered cardiovascular activity levels during psychological stress and recovery in healthy young adults, implying a protective role against age-related increases in coronary heart disease for individuals who adopt aerobic exercise early in life and maintain the behavior across the life span.     

Identification of a fourth half ABC transporter in the human peroxisomal membrane

Three half ATP-binding cassette transporters (ALDP, ALDR, PMP70) are known to be present in the human peroxisome membrane. Mutations in the gene encoding ALDP cause X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy; the role of ALDR and PMP70 in human disease is unclear. We report the cloning and characterization of a fourth human gene encoding a peroxisomal half ABC transporter. The gene, designated P70R, maps to chromosome 14q24, encodes a 73 kDa transporter most similar to PMP70, and is expressed in all human tissues examined. Because half ABC transporters heterodimerize to form functional transporters, the identification of a fourth member of this family in the peroxisome membrane has implications for our understanding of mammalian peroxisomes and the genetic disorders of peroxisomal function.      

Failure of ADCC to predict HIV-associated disease progression or outcome in a haemophiliac cohort.

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) has been described in a number of virus infections and occurs in HIV infection. In spite of numerous studies on the ability of HIV-positive sera to mediate ADCC, it remains unclear whether ADCC has any functional significance. Here we examine serial serum samples from a cohort of haemophilia patients who became infected from a common source in 1984, and show that there is no significant difference in ADCC values between those who remained asymptomatic and those who progressed to disease. This study does not compare effector cell function and clinical status and does not exclude activity against different target cell lineages in vivo.     

一个短指家系临床特征调查及其致病基因的定位

目的 通过对山东省一个A1型短指(brachydactyly type A1,BDA1)家系的临床特征及致病基因分析,确定该病的遗传类型及其发生机制.方法 经家系调查及临床检查确定疾病类型;通过致病基因微卫星多态位点进行连锁分析;采用修饰引物产生引入酶切位点的方法来区分突变基因.结果 该家系的短指症为A1型,常染色体显性遗传;发病原因为位于染色体2q35-2q36的IHH基因(indian hedgehog gene)发生了G298A(D100N)错义突变.结论 中国山东A1型短指家系的发病机理是IHH基因发生了G298A(D100N)错义突变所致.     

不同Fontaine分期糖尿病下肢动脉病变的CTA特点

目的探讨不同临床Fontaine分期糖尿病下肢动脉病变的CTA特点。方法回顾性分析100例临床诊断为糖尿病下肢动脉病变,且接受双下肢动脉CTA患者的资料。根据临床表现对患者进行Fontaine分期。并对下肢动脉进行CTA分级。分析不同临床Fontaine分期患者下肢动脉的狭窄程度。结果不同临床Fontaine分期患者下肢动脉狭窄程度分级差异有统计学意义(χ~2=186.24,P0.001)。膝上动脉、膝下动脉、足背及足底动脉不同Fontaine分期的狭窄程度分级差异有统计学意义(膝上动脉:χ~2=69.24,P0.001;膝下动脉:χ~2=111.59,P0.001;足背及足底动脉:χ~2=94.15,P0.001)。膝上动脉与膝下动脉、足背及足底动脉狭窄程度分级差异有统计学意义(Z=12.59,P0.001;Z=10.47;P0.001)。膝下动脉与足背及足底动脉狭窄程度分级差异有统计学意义(Z=12.66,P0.001)。膝下动脉闭塞常伴侧支血管生成。结论 CTA诊断结果能准确反映下肢动脉临床分期,是诊断糖尿病下肢动脉的理想检查方法。     

采用Viatorr覆膜支架行经颈静脉肝内门体分流术

目的评价采用Viatorr覆膜支架行经颈静脉肝内门体分流术(TIPS)治疗门静脉高压并发症的疗效与安全性。方法回顾性分析8例接受Viatorr覆膜支架TIPS治疗的肝硬化门静脉高压症患者的资料。术后进行随访,复查上腹部CT,以评价TIPS疗效。结果对8例患者均成功手术,均采用直径8mm、覆膜段长度50~80mm的Viatorr覆膜支架建立肝内分流道。对其中1例合并门静脉海绵样变的患者于门静脉端置入8mm×40mm的E-Luminexx裸支架1枚;1例患者因肝静脉端狭窄于肝静脉端置入8mm×40mm的Fluency覆膜支架1枚。术后患者门静脉压力由术前的[33.08(29.32,40.22)]mmHg降为[23.31(21.43,26.51)]mmHg,差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.52,P=0.012)。术后随访1.1~7.7个月,所有患者均存活,均未再发生门静脉高压相关并发症。术后2例患者发生肝性脑病。术后1~7.7个月复查示所有患者TIPS分流道通畅。结论对国内肝硬化门静脉高压症患者应用Viatorr支架行TIPS治疗安全、有效。     

3D打印技术辅助中上胸椎椎弓根置钉的准确性分析

目的评价3D打印技术在中上胸椎"分水岭"区域损伤(T3~7)椎弓根置钉时的应用价值。方法回顾性分析自2013-03—2016-02手术治疗的7例T3~7骨折或脱位。对患者进行薄层CT扫描,采用3D打印技术打印出中上胸椎实体模型,在模型上标定需固定节段的椎弓根钉进钉点(Magerl法),测量每一个节段螺钉的直径、长度、内倾角、头倾(尾倾)角,然后选择合适的椎弓根钉模拟置钉。结果本组共置入56枚椎弓根钉,按目前通行的评估椎弓根钉准确性的方法,在CT平扫的影像上对椎弓根穿透的程度进行分级:0级33枚,1级18枚,2级4枚(穿破外侧壁),3级1枚(穿破外侧壁,未造成不良后果),准确率91.1%。结论对于中上胸椎椎弓根置钉困难的患者,尤其是需要长节段置钉时,可以在3D打印的实体模型上模拟置钉,选择安全、有效的椎弓根钉,提高徒手置钉准确率,缩短了年轻医师的学习曲线。     

沉默B7-H3基因抑制人恶性血液病裸鼠移植瘤的体内成瘤和转移

目的：探讨靶向B7 H3基因沉默对人恶性血液病细胞株在裸鼠体内成瘤和转移的影响及机制。方法： 应用实时荧光定量PCR（real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction,qPCR）和流式细胞术（flow cytometry,FCM）检测13株恶性血液病细胞中B7 H3分子的表达水平,筛选高表达的U937、Maver和Z138细胞。分别利用慢病毒转染技术靶向敲减B7-H3,建立稳定低表达细胞株,应用qPCR和FCM验证基因沉默效果。将U937、Maver和Z138各自分为空白对照组（non-infected control group,CON）、靶向B7-H3敲减组（B7-H3 knockdown group,KD）和阴性无关序列对照组（negative nontargeted control infected group,NC）,将以上9组分别构建裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型,比较肿瘤生长和转移情况,免疫组织化学（immunohistochemistry,IHC）染色检测Ki-67表达,蛋白质免疫印迹法（Western blot）检测基质金属蛋白酶2（matrix metalloproteinase 2,MMP-2）水平。结果： 筛选B7-H3分子高表达的U937、Maver和Z138细胞进行靶向敲减B7-H3,成功建立稳定低表达细胞株。U937、Maver和Z138细胞各自的KD组与NC组比较,观察终点的平均肿瘤生长抑制率分别为61.83%（F=43.78,P<0.05）、59.12%（F=36.51,P<0.05）和67.37%（F=40.29,P<0.05）,而各自NC组与CON组相比,肿瘤体积增长趋势差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。在所有移植瘤裸鼠模型中肝转移最常见,KD组裸鼠的远处转移较相应NC组明显降低。3种细胞各自KD组的Ki-67指数均较相应NC组显著下降(U937移植瘤：40.3%±5.2% vs. 79.1%±6.3%, q=30.31,P<0.05;Maver移植瘤：35.2%±6.4% vs. 69.6%±5.1%, q=24.82,P<0.05;Z138移植瘤：38.4%±7.1% vs. 75.7%±4.8%, q=28.07,P<0.05）, 而NC组与CON组Ki 67表达差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。3种细胞各自KD组肿瘤组织的MMP-2蛋白表达显著降低（U937移植瘤：q=14.59,P<0.05;Maver移植瘤：q=9.25,P<0.05;Z138移植瘤：q=11.04,P<0.05）, NC组与CON组MMP-2表达差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论： 靶向B7-H3基因沉默能够抑制人恶性血液病细胞在裸鼠体内的成瘤和转移能力,其机制可能与Ki-67和MMP-2的表达下调有关。     

伊伐布雷定在慢性射血分数降低心力衰竭易损期的运用及再入院影响因素分析#br#

摘要：目的　探讨伊伐布雷定（Iva）在慢性射血分数降低心力衰竭（HFrEF）易损期的运用及易损期再入院的影响因素。方法　根据是否服用Iva把402例易损期慢性HFrEF患者分为对照组（142例）和观察组（260例）。对照组依据指南给与抗心力衰竭治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上给与Iva。对比2组的疗效、心脏不良事件、心功能指标、炎性因子。采用Logistic回归分析易损期慢性HFrEF患者再入院的影响因素。结果　观察组的疗效明显好于对照组,再住院比例明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗后与对照组相比,观察组的24 h平均心率减慢,左心室射血分数（LVEF）增高,左心室舒张末期内径（LVEDD）减小,6 min步行距离（6MWD）延长,N末端B型利钠肽原（NT-proBNP）、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α、白细胞介素（IL）-6和超敏C-反应蛋白（hs-CRP）水平均降低（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）。Logistic回归分析结果显示不按时服药、独居是易损期慢性HFrEF患者再入院独立危险因素,而每周复诊1次则是独立保护因素。结论　Iva可提高易损期慢性HFrEF的疗效,降低易损期再入院率和炎性因子水平,同时可改善心功能指标。不按时服药和独居的慢性HFrEF患者在易损期更容易再入院,而每周复诊1次则可降低再入院率。     

转录活性蛋白1在实验性近视眼豚鼠巩膜重塑中对I型胶原表达的调控作用

目的　研究近视巩膜重塑中转录活性蛋白1（specificity protein 1,Sp1）作为转化生长因子-β1（transforming growth factor-β1,TGF-β1）下游信号转录因子的表达情况和调节I型胶原（Collagen Ⅰ）表达的作用。方法　出生7 d的有色豚鼠75只,随机选取50只左眼使用6号无色半透明乳胶气球作为头套诱导形觉剥夺性近视（form deprivation myopia,FDM）动物模型为FDM组,右眼作为自身对照组,另外25只不作处理为正常组。记录各组豚鼠屈光度及眼轴长度变化。Western blot和RT-PCR检测正常组和FDM组豚鼠遮盖后0周（遮盖前）、2周、4周、6周及遮盖4周去遮盖1周（4/-1周）时巩膜中Sp1和Collagen Ⅰ蛋白和mRNA的表达变化,并分析两者的关系。结果　FDM组豚鼠眼随着遮盖时间延长,由遮盖前远视状态逐渐变为近视状态,眼轴长度也逐渐增长。与正常组相比,FDM组巩膜内Sp1和Collagen Ⅰ的蛋白和mRNA表达均下调,且随遮盖时间的延长,其表达不断减弱。正常组及FDM组遮盖后0周、2周、4周、4/-1周、6周,Sp1蛋白相对表达量分别为1.864±0.014、1.856±0.016、1.215±0.016、0.752±0.013、0.945±0.017、0.518±0.012;Collagen Ⅰ蛋白相对表达量分别为2.922±0.005、2.836±0.001、2.336±0.002、1.500±0.003、1.754±0.006、1.082±0.001;Sp1 mRNA:0.599±0.025、0.557±0.024、0.510±0.013、0.349±0.013、0.457±0.009、0.168±0.012;Collagen Ⅰ mRNA:1.071±0.014、1.010±0.021、0.947±0.006、0.626±0.010、0.770±0.020、0.331±0.004。遮盖2周后各时间点与正常组相比,Sp1和Collagen Ⅰ蛋白和mRNA表达差异均有统计学意义（均为P<0.05）。Sp1与Collagen Ⅰ的蛋白和mRNA表达均呈明显正相关（均为r=1.00,P<0.05）。结论　Sp1作为TGF-β1的下游信号转录因子可能参与了近视巩膜重塑中Collagen Ⅰ的调控,提示Sp1信号转录因子可能通过TGF-β1-Sp1-Collagen Ⅰ信号通路在近视巩膜重塑中发挥重要作用。