Thrombogenicity of hydrophilically coated guide wires and catheters

The thrombogenicities of stainless steel spring guide wires and two hydrophilically coated guide wires were compared. The guide wires were placed in canine femoral arteries for 30 minutes. The guide wires were removed, the thrombi were stripped off, and the clots were weighed. Clot weights obtained with the two hydrophilically coated guide wires were significantly less than those obtained with the stainless steel spring guide wires. The thrombogenicities of hydrophilically coated catheters and noncoated nylon catheters were compared with and without the use of heparin. Carotid arteries, jugular veins, femoral arteries, and femoral veins were used. Catheters were left in place for 45 minutes. The animals were heparinized and killed. The vessels were then removed en bloc with the catheter clamped in place. The vessels were incised, and the clot was removed and weighed. In arterial and venous catheterization, no significant difference in clot deposition was shown between the hydrophilically coated catheters and the noncoated nylon catheters. A striking reduction of thrombogenicity was achieved with heparinization of the catheters in both arteries and veins.     

Comparative structural requirements of brain neuropeptide Y binding sites and vas deferens neuropeptide Y receptors

A series of fragments and analogues of neuropeptide Y (NPY), both human (hNPY) and porcine (pNPY), were synthesized and tested for their affinities at brain NPY receptor binding sites and their potencies in inhibiting the electrically stimulated twitch response of rat vas deferens. Results with N- and C-terminal fragments suggest that amino acid residues in the N-terminal portion of the molecule are mostly important for recognition of brain and vas deferens NPY receptors, in addition to being relevant for the maintenance of adequate receptor affinity. On the other hand, C-terminal amino acid residues appear to be responsible for triggering receptor activation in the rat vas deferens preparation, because full intrinsic activity is maintained with fragments up to NPY18-36. C-terminal fragment NPY25-36 and N-terminal fragment NPY1-15 were devoid of affinity for [3H]NPY brain receptor sites and showed no activity in the rat vas deferens preparation. Similarly, N-terminal fragment hNPY1-24CONH2 showed no affinity toward [3H]NPY brain receptor sites and no inhibition of the twitch response in the rat vas deferens preparation at concentrations up to 1.0 microM. On the contrary, this fragment appears to selectively increase the amplitude of the twitch response to electrical stimulation at low micromolar concentrations, an effect opposite to that of NPY and all other NPY fragments and analogues studied here. The exact mechanism mediating this contractile action of hNPY1-24CONH2 remains to be established. Modifications of the tyrosine residue in position 20 led to the development of two analogues, [D-Tyr20]hNPY and [D-Trp20]hNPY, which show an apparent preference for the vas deferens NPY receptor. On the other hand, substitutions of the tyrosine residue in position 21 by a phenylalanine ([Phe21]hNPY) or a methylated tyrosine residue ([Tyr-O-Me21]hNPY) produced analogues demonstrating an apparent preference for the brain receptor site. This suggests that modifications of tyrosine residues at positions 20 and/or 21 may eventually lead to the development of NPY analogues distinguishing between the most abundant class of sites present in the brain and vas deferens, respectively.     

Comparison of Infasurf (calf lung surfactant extract) to Survanta (Beractant) in the treatment and prevention of respiratory distress syndrome

OBJECTIVE: To compare the relative safety and efficacy of Infasurf (calf lung surfactant extract; ONY, Inc, Amherst, NY, IND #27169) versus Survanta (Beractant, Ross Laboratories, Columbus, OH) in reducing the acute severity of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) when given at birth and to infants with established RDS. DESIGN: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, multicenter clinical trial. SETTING: Thirteen neonatal intensive care units participated in the treatment arm: seven of these concurrently participated in the prevention arm. PATIENTS: The treatment arm enrolled infants of 相似文献   

Inoperable adenocarcinoma of endometrium: radiation therapy

Between 1960 and 1979, 41 patients with adenocarcinoma of the endometrium who were poor surgical risks were treated with radiation therapy at the University of Iowa. Local tumor control was achieved in 78% of the patients, 5% manifested complications, and 46% survived 5 years ("uncorrected" 5-year survival rate). Intercurrent disease was the major cause of death (54%), and intrauterine recurrence (22%) was the most frequent recurrence. Intraperitoneal spread (12%) occurred as commonly as hematogenous metastases (12%). Three of nine local failures occurred after 5 years. Local control rates correlated well with clinical stage, and the survival rates correlated well with the stage and grade of the tumor. Local tumor control was achieved in 95% of patients who received greater than 7,000 mg-h intracavitary radium, compared with 63% of patients treated with less than 7,000 mg-h.     

Linkage and physical mapping of X-linked lissencephaly/SBH (XLIS): a gene causing neuronal migration defects in human brain

While disorders of neuronal migration are associated with as much as 25% of recurrent childhood seizures, few of the genes required to establish neuronal position in cerebral cortex are known. Subcortical band heterotopia (SBH) and lissencephaly (LIS), two distinct neuronal migration disorders producing epilepsy and variable cognitive impairment, can be inherited alone or together in a single pedigree. Here we report a new genetic locus, XLIS, mapped by linkage analysis of five families and physical mapping of a balanced X;2 translocation in a girl with LIS. Linkage places the critical region in Xq21-q24, containing the breakpoint that maps to Xq22.3-q23 by high-resolution chromosome analysis. Markers used for somatic cell hybrid and fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses place the XLIS region within a 1 cM interval. These data suggest that SBH and X-linked lissencephaly are caused by mutation of a single gene, XLIS, that the milder SBH phenotype in females results from random X-inactivation (Lyonization), and that cloning of genes from the breakpoint region on X will yield XLIS.      

超声引导自凝刀微创治疗子宫肌瘤和腺肌瘤

临床资料 2001-12／2004-02住院要求手术切除子宫肌瘤患62例，腺肌瘤28例，年龄30～42(平均34．6)岁．依据彩超诊断，按最大病灶的直径不同分为A组50例(肌瘤37例，腺肌瘤13例)，肌瘤直径在3cm以下；B组28例(肌瘤21例．腺肌瘤7例)，肌瘤直径3．1～4．5cm；C组12例：(肌瘤9例，腺肌瘤3例)，肌瘤直径4．6～5．0cm，治疗仪器为Q／XBT-2002((BBT妇科多功能射频治疗仪》(西安半边天医疗器械有限公司生产)，     

泰胃美注射液在7种输液中的稳定性观察

研究泰胃关注射液在临床上常用的7种输液中的稳定性。方法：观察泰胃美注射液与7种输液配伍后外观、pH和紫外吸收度。结果：泰胃美注射液与7种输液配伍后外观、含量无明显变化。结论：泰胃美注射液可以与7种输液配伍应用。