全文获取类型
收费全文 | 121篇 |
免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
基础医学 | 4篇 |
口腔科学 | 18篇 |
临床医学 | 4篇 |
内科学 | 74篇 |
神经病学 | 3篇 |
外科学 | 12篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 3篇 |
药学 | 1篇 |
肿瘤学 | 4篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 2篇 |
2020年 | 2篇 |
2017年 | 1篇 |
2016年 | 4篇 |
2015年 | 5篇 |
2014年 | 6篇 |
2013年 | 2篇 |
2009年 | 1篇 |
2008年 | 1篇 |
2007年 | 1篇 |
2006年 | 3篇 |
2005年 | 1篇 |
2004年 | 1篇 |
2001年 | 1篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1963年 | 1篇 |
1941年 | 1篇 |
1940年 | 6篇 |
1939年 | 14篇 |
1936年 | 10篇 |
1934年 | 1篇 |
1932年 | 11篇 |
1931年 | 16篇 |
1930年 | 7篇 |
排序方式: 共有124条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
I. Costero C. Neuhaus Hoffmann Plehn V. E. Mertens Hermann Groß Werthemann Maximilian Hirsch H. Brach Feles E. Törö Mildenberger Hadda Janke Sponholz A. Rosenburg E. Zurhelle Collier 《Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology》1931,34(6):219-235
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
52.
53.
P. Dickmann A. Scherag S. M. Coldewey C. Sponholz F. M. Brunkhorst M. Bauer 《Der Anaesthesist》2017,66(8):622-625
The adoption of the new sepsis definition in early 2016 introduced a new paradigm for the clinical picture of sepsis. Up until now, sepsis was defined as a systemic inflammatory reaction (systemic inflammatory response syndrome, SIRS) to an infection. Based on a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms, the focus of the new definition is no longer the inflammatory response, but rather the tissue damage and impairment of organ function which this induces. The paradigm thus moves away from the infection and the systemic inflammatory response, and toward that which makes sepsis so dangerous in terms of both disease dynamics and outcome: organ failure due to a dysregulated host response to an infection. This change of perspective or paradigm enables patients with an increased risk of developing sepsis to be recognized and treated earlier in clinical routine, even outside of the intensive care unit. The new definition also promotes development of new treatment strategies with improved ability to treat sepsis causally. 相似文献
54.
Jürgen Westermann Ulrike Geismar Anglique Sponholz Ulrike Bode Sheila M. Sparshott Eric B. Bell 《European journal of immunology》1997,27(12):3174-3181
It is thought that naive T cells predominantly enter lymphoid organs such as lymph nodes (LN) and Peyer's patches (PP) via high endothelial venules (HEV), whereas memory T cells migrate mainly into non-lymphoid organs. However, direct evidence for the existence of these distinct migration pathways in vivo is incomplete, and nothing is known about their migration through the different compartments of lymphoid organs. Such knowledge would be of considerable interest for understanding T cell memory in vivo. In the present study we separated naive and memory CD4+ T cells from the rat thoracic duct according to the expression of the high and low molecular weight isoforms of CD45R, respectively. At various time points after injection into congenic animals, these cells were identified by quantitative immunohistology in HEV, and T and B cell areas of different LN and PP. Three major findings emerged. First, both naive and memory CD4+ T cells enter lymphoid organs via the HEV in comparable numbers. Second, naive and memory CD4+ T cells migrate into the B cell area, although in small numbers and continuously enter established germinal centers (GC) with a bias for memory CD4+ T cells. Third, memory CD4+ T cells migrate faster through the T cell area of lymphoid organs than naive CD4+ T cells. Thus, our study shows that memory CD4+ T cells are not excluded from the HEV route. In addition, “memory” might depend in part on the ability of T cells to specifically enter the B cell area and GC and to screen large quantities of lymphoid tissues in a short time. 相似文献
55.
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
56.
57.
B. Luettig A. Sponholz C. Heerwagen U. Bode & J. Westermann† 《Scandinavian journal of immunology》2001,53(6):563-571
T-cell progenitors migrate from bone marrow (BM) into the thymus. After maturation they are released as recent thymic emigrants (RTE) into the periphery ensuring the diversification of the T-cell repertoire. Both the kinetics with which RTE migrate through the periphery and the surface molecules they express are still unclear. In 1- and 18-month-old Lewis rats CD4+ RTE were identified in blood, spleen, lymph node, and thoracic duct lymph by flow cytometry (CD45RC- and CD90+), were differentiated from CD4+ naive (CD45RC+) and memory T cells (CD45RC-CD90-), and were characterized regarding the expression of surface molecules. Both in 1- and 18-month-old animals the percentage of RTE among the CD4+ population in blood was comparable to that in all other compartments. Surprisingly, RTE expressed alpha4-integrin, LFA-1, and interleukin (IL)-2 receptor at a significantly higher level than naive T cells and more comparable to memory T cells. Within lymphoid tissues RTE, naive, and memory T cells significantly upregulated the expression of CD44 and ICAM-1, and downregulated the expression of L-selectin. These changes were reversed before the cells re-entered the blood. Thus, our data indicate that CD4+ RTE travel through the periphery of young and old rats like mature T cells, continuously modulating their surface molecule expression. 相似文献
58.
59.
Diagnostic value and prognostic implications of serum procalcitonin after cardiac surgery: a systematic review of the literature 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Introduction
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome is common after surgery, and it can be difficult to discriminate between infection and inflammation. We performed a review of the literature with the aims of describing the evolution of serum procalcitonin (PCT) levels after uncomplicated cardiac surgery, characterising the role of PCT as a tool in discriminating infection, identifying the relation between PCT, organ failure, and severity of sepsis syndromes, and assessing the possible role of PCT in detection of postoperative complications and mortality. 相似文献60.