Effect of cholestyramine on the formation of pigment gallstone in high carbohydrate diet-fed hamsters.

This study was designed to investigate the effect of cholestyramine on the formation of pigment gallstones in high carbohydrate diet-fed hamsters and whether that effect occurred because of cholecystokinin action. Forty seven hamsters were divided into three groups: group I(n = 16) was fed on normal rodent chow(43% carbohydrate), group II(n = 14) was fed on a high CHO diet(65% carbohydrate), group III(n = 17) was fed on a high CHO diet containing 4% cholestyramine. Gallstones developed in 0% of group I, 42.9% of group II and 5.9% of group III(P < 0.05, group II vs III). To evaluate the chronic status of cholecystokinin level, the wet weight of pancreas and the average area of pancreatic acinar in microscopic high power field were measured. There was no significant difference between group II and group III in pancreatic weight and average area of pancreatic acinar(P > 0.05). In gallbladder bile analysis, there was also no significant difference between group II and group III in cholesterol, phospholipid, total calcium, total bilirubin and bile acid levels. In conclusion, cholestyramine decreases the frequency of pigment gallstone formation in high CHO diet-fed hamsters, but it is not clear whether the mechanism of cholestyramine decreasing the gallstone formation is due to the action of cholecystokinin.     

植物神经癫痫52例脑电图分析

报道52倒6个类型植物神经癫痫,重点分析了脑电图的变化,脑电图异常率100％,69.4％的病例出现两侧阵发性4～7Hzθ节律及6和14Hz阳性棘波,提示中线深部有功能紊乱,亦支持丘脑及脑干部有病变。此外蝶骨电极能提高脑电图对本病的阳性诊断率,值得采用。本文证明脑电图对植物神经性癫痫与非癫痫的鉴别诊断,具有肯定的价值。     

Clinical assessment and management of depression.

Major depressive disorder is a psychiatric disorder that encompasses a broad range of emotional, psychological, behavioral, and physical symptoms (Fava et al., 2004). The nurse in the hospital, office, school, or community setting can provide the essential elements of effective care for depression, including early detection by screening, medication teaching, depression education, teaching coping skills, and appropriate use of specialists and resources. Utilizing the nursing process, the nurse can provide comprehensive care to improve the depressed patient's physical and psychological well-being.     

WR-2721对γ线照射小鼠胃排空的防护作用

小鼠经γ线1200rad照射后胃排空受到明显抑制,如照前15min腹腔注射WR-2721 5mg或10mg对照后3天胃排空的抑制有明显改善。虽然WR-2721药物本身对胃排空具有一定的抑制作用,但经过24～48h后则可表现出对胃排空有一定程度的改善效应,这可能与该药减轻急性放射损伤的过程有关。     

高脂血症患者血小板体积及有关参数的研究

本文报道242例高脂血症患者血小板(PLT)、平均血小板数(MPLT)及平均血小板体积(MPV)等参数的测定结果,其中高胆固醇并高甘油三酯患者,PLT、MPLT及巨大血小板比例(Macro-PLT)高于正常,MPV正常;而单纯高胆固醇或高甘油三酯患者,上述指标与正常人无显著性差异。提示高胆固醇并高甘油三酯患者,存在血小板生成动力学异常,其血小板的破坏增加,生成率加速、但处于一种高水平的动态平衡之中。这可能是高脂血症出现高凝状态的原因之一。同时表明此类患者使用抗血小板疗法具有一定的合理性和必要性。     

新疆出血热病毒与流行性出血热病毒的生物学特性比较

本文通过免疫荧光(IF)和电镜(EM)技术对新疆出血热(XHF)及流行性出血热(EHF)病毒的生物学特性在Vero E_6及LLC-MK_2两株传代细胞上进行了比较。两种病毒感染两株细胞后免疫荧光染色有两种不同的荧光形态特征,两种病毒对细胞的敏感性明显不同,XHF病毒在LLC-MK_2细胞上感染后6～8天可出现明显的细胞病变,而EHF病毒感染此细胞后则不引起病变。电镜观察到两种病毒在LLC-MK_2细胞中都能形成与布尼病毒相似的形态特征。     

γ线照后大鼠胃组织乙酰胆碱含量胆碱酯酶活性及平滑肌对乙酰胆碱反应性的变化

本文以大鼠为实验对象,观察了γ线8Gy照后胃组织内乙酰胆碱含量、胆碱酯酶活性及平滑肌对乙酰胆碱反应性的变化。结果表明,照后1/24～l天胃组织内乙酰胆碱含量明显下降,3天趋向正常,5天基本恢复至照前水平。胃组织的胆碱酯酶活性在照后l/24～5天基本无改变。在同一剂量照后1h,胃窦平滑肌对乙酰胆碱的反应与照前近似,l天后开始减弱,3天后明显下降,与正常相比有非常显著差异。     

Central Nervous System Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis Presenting with Parkinsonism

Lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LG) is a potentially malignant lymphoproliferative disorder. The lung is the most common involved site, followed by the skin and nervous system. However, LG of the central nervous system presenting with Parkinsonism is very rare. We report a patient with LG who presented with parkinsonian features such as bilateral rigidity, bradykinesia, and agitation. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed multifocal punctuate enhanced lesions in both supra- and infratentorial areas. Steroid pulse therapy resulted in a dramatical improvement in the symptoms and MRI abnormalities.     

Differential gene expression in cultured osteoblasts and bone marrow stromal cells from patients with Paget's disease of bone.

Paget's disease is a focal condition of bone. To study changes in cells within pagetic lesions, we cultured osteoblasts and stromal cells from 22 patients and compared gene expression in these cells to cells from healthy bone. We identified several differentially regulated genes, and we suggest that these changes could lead to the formation of the lesions. INTRODUCTION: Paget's disease is a focal condition of bone of unknown cause. Although it is regarded as primarily an osteoclast disorder, the tight coupling of the activity of osteoclasts and osteoblasts suggests that the osteoblast could play a key role in its pathogenesis. The aim of the study was to identify possible changes in pagetic osteoblasts and stromal cells that might contribute to the development of pagetic lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Candidate genes were identified based on known bone cell regulators, supplemented with microarray analysis. Gene expression was determined by real-time PCR in primary cultures of osteoblasts and bone marrow stromal cells from pagetic patients and control subjects. Concentrations of secreted proteins were determined by ELISA. RESULTS: Dickkopf1 mRNA and protein levels were increased in both pagetic osteoblast and stromal cell cultures, and interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6 were overexpressed in pagetic osteoblasts. These changes parallel recent findings in myeloma bone disease, which shares some clinical similarities with Paget's disease. Alkaline phosphatase was overexpressed, and bone sialoprotein and osteocalcin were underexpressed in pagetic osteoblasts, consistent with their circulating levels in pagetic patients. It is hypothesized that overexpression of Dickkopf1, IL-1, and IL-6 would result in stimulation of osteoclast proliferation and inhibition of osteoblast growth, leading to the development of the characteristic lytic bone lesions. By stimulating osteoblast differentiation, Dickkopf1 and IL-6 may also promote mineralization, leading to the conversion of lytic lesions to sclerotic. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that dysregulated gene expression in pagetic osteoblasts could cause the changes in bone cell number and function characteristic of Paget's disease.