叶托马尾藻中的生物活性甾体成分

目的 研究褐藻叶托马尾藻的活性成分。方法 采用稻瘟霉模型生物活性追踪方法，应用多种色谱手段和光普分析方法分离和鉴定化合物。结果 鉴定了7个甾体类化合物，分别为岩藻甾醇（Ⅰ）,24－乙基－4，24（28）－胆甾二烯－3－酮（Ⅱ），24－乙基－4，24（28）－胆甾二烯－3，6－二酮（Ⅲ），马尾藻甾醇（Ⅳ），24R，28R－和24S，28S－环氧－24－乙基胆甾醇（Ⅴ），胆甾醇－24－酮（Ⅵ）和豆甾醇（－3－O－葡萄糖苷（Ⅶ）。结论 Ⅱ－Ⅶ为首次从该海藻中分离得到，Ⅰ和Ⅲ－Ⅵ具有诱导稻瘟霉菌比来形活性。     

那屈肝素钙治疗不同发病时间的急性脑梗死

目的 :研究那屈肝素钙治疗不同发病时间脑梗死的疗效。方法 :5 0例发病 12h以内的脑梗死病人 ,随机分为治疗A组和对照A组各 2 5例 ;6 0例发病 12～ 4 8h ,随机分为治疗B组和对照B组各 30例。以上各组均予以丹参注射液 2 0mL +氯化钠注射液 2 5 0mL ,ivdrip ,qd。治疗组加用那屈肝素钙4 10 0IU ,sc ,q 12h。 4组疗程均 10d。治疗前、治疗后 1mo和 3mo测定病人神经功能缺损程度评分(NFDS)和日常生活活动能力评分 (ADL)。结果 :1mo和 3mo后 ,治疗A组和B组NFDS为 10± 4 ,5± 4和 13± 6 ,8± 3;与对照A组 (13± 5 ,10± 5 )和B组 (14± 7,12± 4 )比较 ,P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1。ADL评分和血液流变学指标各组均有改善 ,但以治疗A组尤为明显 ,P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1。结论 :那屈肝素钙能有效治疗急性脑梗死 ,早期应用效果更佳     

Prostatic cancer therapy: comparison of external-beam radiation and I- 125 seed implantation treatment of stages B and C neoplasms

Of 179 patients with stage B or C adenocarcinoma of the prostate, 106 underwent iodine-125 seed-implant therapy (I-125 SI) and 73 received external-beam radiation therapy (EB). A retrospective analysis determined disease-free survival rate, local tumor control, and complication rate for each treatment group. The 5-year disease-free survival rates for SI-treated patients were 75% for stage B and 30% for stage C groups. Corresponding rates for EB-treated patients were 75% and 40%, respectively. The rate of local tumor control for stage B patients was 85% for SI-treated and 88% for EB-treated patients. The corresponding rates for stage C tumors were 75% for SI-treated and 92% for EB-treated patients. The rate of long-term complications in each group was approximately 10%. For stage B cancer of the prostate, I-125 SI treatment is an acceptable alternative to EB therapy; our data are inconclusive regarding stage C treatment, but EB therapy is preferred.     

Postfiltration factor VIII and fibrinogen levels in cryoprecipitate stored at room temperature and at 1 to 6 degrees C

The 13th edition of the standards of the American Association of Blood Banks specified storage at 1 to 6 degrees C for cryoprecipitated anti-hemophilic factor (Cryo) administered up to 6 hours after thawing if the Cryo is used for factor VIII (FVIII) content (Standard J4.210). Previous editions specified room-temperature (RT) storage for up to 6 hours. Currently, the temperature specification has been deleted. There are few data addressing the optimal storage temperature and maximum storage time for FVIII and fibrinogen in thawed Cryo. Thirty bags of Cryo were assayed for FVIII and fibrinogen. Each bag was divided into two aliquots; one was stored at RT and the other at 1 to 6 degrees C. Assays were performed immediately after thawing (Base) and 6 and 24 hours after thawing, respectively. All samples were filtered through 200-mu blood component infusion sets before assay. Three hundred analyses were performed, 150 each for FVIII and fibrinogen by conventional clotting technique. Data were analyzed by using a paired t test. Cryo stored at 1 to 6 degrees C for 6 and 24 hours showed an FVIII loss of 35 percent (p less than 0.0001) and 63 percent (p less than 0.0001), respectively. Cryo stored at RT for 6 and 24 hours had an FVIII loss of 8 percent (p greater than 0.05) and 20 percent (p less than 0.0001). Cryo stored at 1 to 6 degrees C for 6 and 24 hours had a fibrinogen loss of 20 percent (p less than 0.0001) and 43 percent (p less than 0.0001). Cryo stored at RT for 6 hours had no fibrinogen loss and a 2 percent loss at 24 hours (p greater than 0.05). These preliminary data show a significant loss of FVIII and fibrinogen activity in Cryo stored at 1 to 6 degrees C and filtered before assay. The FVIII and fibrinogen activity at RT is clearly maintained up to 6 hours after thawing.     

Pediatric peripheral blood progenitor cell collection: haemonetics MCS 3P versus COBE Spectra versus Fresenius AS104

BACKGROUND: An increasing number of apheresis machines are becoming available for peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC) collection in children. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: At the Children's Hospital of Florence (Italy), three apheresis machines were evaluated: MCS 3P (Haemonetics) (10 procedures in 4 patients, aged 10–12 years, weight 23.5-64 kg), Spectra, (COBE) (8 procedures in 3 patients, aged 4–17 years, weight 19–59 kg), and AS104 (Fresenius) (24 procedures in 9 patients, aged 2–16 years, weight 13.6-60 kg). For PBPC quantitative analysis, CD34 cytofluorimetry was employed. Relevant variables analyzed included efficiency of CD34+ cell extraction and enrichment, mononuclear cell purity and red cell contamination of the apheresis components, and platelet count decreases after leukapheresis. RESULTS: No significant differences in CD34+ cell-extraction abilities were found. However, the AS104 provided consistently purer leukapheresis components in terms of mononuclear cell and CD34+ cell enrichment (441 +/− 59%, vs. 240 +/− 35% and 290 +/− 42% for MCS 3P and Spectra, respectively). Postapheresis platelet counts dropped the least with the AS104. The smallest patient who underwent apheresis with MCS 3P (the only machine working on discontinuous flow and hence with greater volume shifts) weighed 23.5 kg and tolerated the procedure well, with no signs of hemodynamic instability. No significant complications were observed. CONCLUSION: All machines seem to have comparable PBPC extraction efficiency, but the AS104 seems to give the component with the greatest PBPC enrichment. This feature might be relevant for further ex vivo cell processing (CD34+ cell selection, expansion, and so on).     

Mobilization of early hematopoietic progenitor cells with BB-10010: a genetically engineered variant of human macrophage inflammatory protein- 1 alpha

BB-10010 is a genetically engineered variant of human macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha with improved solution properties. We show here that it mobilizes stem cells into the peripheral blood. We investigated the mobilizing effects of BB-10010 on the numbers of circulating 8-day spleen colony-forming units (CFU-S8), CFU-S12, and progenitors with marrow repopulating ability (MRA). A single subcutaneous dose of BB-10010 caused a twofold increase in circulating numbers of CFU-S8, CFU-S12, and MRA 30 minutes after dosing. We also investigated the effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G- CSF) and the combination of G-CSF with BB-10010 on progenitor mobilization. Two days of G-CSF treatment increased circulating CFU-S8, CFU-S12, and MRA progenitors by 25.7-, 19.8-, and 27.7-fold. A single administration of BB-10010 after 2 days of G-CSF treatment increased circulating CFU-S8, CFU-S12, and MRA even further to 38-, 33-, and 100- fold. Splenectomy resulted in increased circulating progenitor numbers but did not change the pattern of mobilization. Two days of treatment with G-CSF then increased circulating CFU-S8, CFU-S12, and MRA by 64-, 69-, and 32-fold. A single BB-10010 administration after G-CSF treatment further increased them to 85-, 117-, and 140-fold, respectively, compared with control. We conclude that BB-10010 causes a rapid increase in the number of circulating hematopoietic progenitors and further enhances the numbers induced by pretreatment with G-CSF. BB- 10010 preferentially mobilized the more primitive progenitors with marrow repopulating activity, releasing four times the number achieved with G-CSF alone. Translated into a clinical setting, this improvement in progenitor cell mobilization may enhance the efficiency of harvest and the quality of grafts for peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.     

Interaction of angiotensin-converting enzyme and apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms in ischemic stroke involving large-vessel disease

A relationship between apolipoprotein E (Apo E) genotype and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion-deletion (Ins-Del) mutation and stroke was suggested. We investigated the association of Apo E4 and ACE Ins/Del genotypes with stroke risk and changes in serum lipids in 228 consecutive Tunisian stroke patients, and 323 age-and gender-matched controls. Comparable frequencies of ACE Ins/Del alleles were seen between patients and controls. The prevalence of Apo ε3 allele and Apo E3/E3 were lower (P < 0.001), while the frequency of Apo ε4 allele and ε4-containing genotypes (E3/E4 and E4/E4) were elevated (P < 0.001) among patients. Higher proportion of Apo E4-carrying + ACE Del/Del positive cases were seen in young (<50 years) patients (P = 0.012), and was associated with large vessel stroke (P = 0.035). Mean serum cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides were comparable between E4-containing and no E4-containing and ACE Del/Del-positive patients. Apo E4 and ACE Del/Del genotype combination substantially increase stroke risk, supporting the notion that interactions of multiple gene variants influence stroke pathogenesis.     

细胞核仁形成区酸性非组蛋白在胆囊癌诊断与监测中的价值

目的探讨检测细胞核仁形成区酸性非组蛋白在胆囊癌诊断与监测中的价值。方法应用细胞银染技术对体外激活的外周血和胆汁淋巴细胞染色 ,并对胆囊组织作核仁形成区嗜银蛋白银染 ,计算外周血和胆汁中硝酸银染色酸性非组蛋白 (Ag) NORs面积与核面积的比值 (IS % )和组织切片中AgNOR颗粒面积。结果正常人 (2 0例 )、慢性胆囊炎 (90例 )与胆囊癌之间 (2 1例 )外周血、胆汁T细胞Ag NORs面积与核面积的比值和组织切片中AgNOR面积差异均有显著性意义 ,血清、胆汁中T细胞Ag NORs面积与核面积的比值 (IS % )逐级降低 ,组织切片中AgNOR面积逐级升高 ,且血清、胆汁中T细胞Ag NORs面积与核面积的比值 (IS % )、组织中AgNOR面积三者相互间有良好的直线相关性 (P均 <0 0 1)。结论监测胆囊病变过程中患者外周血、胆汁中T细胞Ag NORs面积与核面积的比值 (IS % )和组织切片中AgNOR面积的变化 ,有助于胆囊癌的诊断