In the present study, we have synthesized mixed cuprous/copper oxide nanosuspensions by metallosurfactant based microemulsion technique. Three metallosurfactants were synthesized which includes two non-ionic double chained metallosurfactants with C12, C16 chains with coordinated copper i.e. Cudda and Cuhexa, respectively. Another cationic double chained metallosurfactant with loosely bound metal (Cuctac) was also prepared. The prepared metallocomplexes were characterized using FTIR, elemental analysis, and NMR. The effect of the position of metallosurfactant in microemulsion on the fabrication and properties of nanosuspensions was elucidated. In this method, no external reducing agent and capping agent were added and tween 80 acted both as reducing and stabilizing agent for the nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized and it was observed that mixed copper and cuprous oxide particles are present in colloidal suspension for all the three studied metallosurfactants. The kinetics of formation of mixed copper/cuprous oxide nanosuspensions (Ns) and their stability was estimated using Uv-visible spectroscopy. Further, the binding and interactions of copper nanosuspensions with calf Thymus DNA (CT-DNA) were assessed using Uv–vis spectroscopy, circular dichroism and gel electrophoresis. Additionally, the antioxidant activity of the Cu Ns was checked using DPPH assay. The role of positive charge on nanoparticles as evaluated from Zeta potential was responsible for DNA affinity. The DNA conformational changes in the presence of nanosuspensions and relevant scavengers were investigated. Further, the anti-proliferative activity of copper Ns was assessed using HeLa cells and Cuhexa derived Ns were proved to be active with highest activity at a low concentration and were nontoxic towards normal cell lines. In summary, this work demonstrates a softer approach for the synthesis of copper nanosuspensions with a size range of 2–5?nm and evaluated the role of type and structure of metallosurfactant on size, stability of particles and anti-proliferative activity. 相似文献
AIM: The purpose of this article is to report a rare case of primary tuberculosis of the tongue. BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis is an infectious, chronic granulomatous disease that can involve almost any organ in the body, but primary lesions are usually confined to the lungs. Oral lesions are an infrequent occurrence in tuberculosis, and tuberculosis of the oral cavity is often a consequence of active pulmonary tuberculosis. Although primary tuberculosis in the oral cavity has been documented, it is a rare occurrence. REPORT: A 42-year-old male patient presented with chief complaints of severe pain and ulceration on the ventrolateral surface of the left side of the tongue, measuring about 1.25 x 1.50 cm with surrounding erythema and induration of one-month duration. The ulcer was initially painless but became painful later with increased severity over time. The sore tongue caused difficulty in eating, drinking, swallowing, and even talking. The patient also complained of malaise for some duration, but there was no history of fever, cough, weight loss, and his bladder-bowel habits were normal. An excisional biopsy differentiated the lesion from squamous cell carcinoma and confirmed the diagnosis. SUMMARY: Even though primary tuberculosis in the oral cavity is a rare finding, it must be included in the differential diagnosis of mucosal lesions. This case provides a clinical example of the importance of this inclusion for the well being of the patient and for the community due to the communicable nature of the disease. 相似文献
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) after one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) remains a concern. We reviewed the current literature on revisional surgery after OAGB for GORD. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed databases were searched. We identified 21 studies, appraising 13,658 OAGB patients. A total of 230 (1.6%) patients underwent revisional surgery for GORD. Revision to Roux-en-Y configuration was performed in 211 (91.7%) patients. Six (2.6%) patients had a Braun entero-enterostomy added to the OAGB. Thirteen (5.6%) patients underwent excluded stomach fundoplication (ESF). Reflux symptoms resolved in 112 (48.6%) patients, persisted in 13 (5.6%) patients, and were not reported in 105 (45.6%) patients. Revisional surgery after OAGB for GORD appears to be rare, and when required, conversion to Roux-en-Y configuration is the commonest choice.
The A7 harmonization team (A7 HT), a part of the Global Bioanalysis Consortium (GBC), focused on reviewing best practices for repeat analysis and incurred sample reanalysis (ISR) as applied during regulated bioanalysis. With international representation from Europe, Latin America, North America, and the Asia Pacific region, the team first collated common practices and guidance recommendations and assessed their suitability from both a scientific and logistical perspective. Subsequently, team members developed best practice recommendations and refined them through discussions and presentations with industry experts at scientific meetings. This review summarizes the team findings and best practice recommendations. The few topics where no consensus could be reached are also discussed. The A7 HT recommendations, together with those from the other GBC teams, provide the basis for future international harmonization of regulated bioanalytical practices. 相似文献