European Headache Federation guideline on the use of monoclonal antibodies targeting the calcitonin gene related peptide pathway for migraine prevention – 2022 update

BackgroundA previous European Headache Federation (EHF) guideline addressed the use of monoclonal antibodies targeting the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) pathway to prevent migraine. Since then, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and real-world evidence have expanded the evidence and knowledge for those treatments. Therefore, the EHF panel decided to provide an updated guideline on the use of those treatments.MethodsThe guideline was developed following the Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. The working group identified relevant questions, performed a systematic review and an analysis of the literature, assessed the quality of the available evidence, and wrote recommendations. Where the GRADE approach was not applicable, expert opinion was provided.ResultsWe found moderate to high quality of evidence to recommend eptinezumab, erenumab, fremanezumab, and galcanezumab in individuals with episodic and chronic migraine. For several important clinical questions, we found not enough evidence to provide evidence-based recommendations and guidance relied on experts’ opinion. Nevertheless, we provided updated suggestions regarding the long-term management of those treatments and their place with respect to the other migraine preventatives.ConclusionMonoclonal antibodies targeting the CGRP pathway are recommended for migraine prevention as they are effective and safe also in the long-term.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10194-022-01431-x.     

恶性肿瘤靶向给药的临床应用

恶性肿瘤靶向给药是指利用具有一定肿瘤靶向性的导向分子（载体）携带治疗肿瘤的药物,在肿瘤局部选择性杀伤肿瘤细胞（及转移的肿瘤细胞）,以避免药物的全身毒副作用,提高疗效的一种治疗方法．由于抗癌药物在杀伤肿瘤细胞的同时也杀伤正常细胞,增加了全身的毒副作用．因此,近几年来,对恶性肿瘤靶向治疗的研究突飞猛进,发展了人源性抗HER-2mAb、依西美坦、放射性核素、     

Sociodemographic Differences in the Comprehension of Nutritional Labels on Food Products

ObjectiveTo examine comprehension of nutrition labels across sociodemographic groups using a measure of health literacy.MethodsCross-sectional survey of a community sample of adults including an adapted version of the Newest Vital Sign for Canadian Nutrition Facts table on prepackaged grocery products, including numerical conversion questions for calorie content and percent daily value.ResultsApproximately two thirds of participants were able to correctly identify calorie content and percent daily value from the nutrition label. Participants with higher education and higher income, those aged ≤ 64 years, and those who look at nutritional facts or calories were significantly more likely to estimate the correct calorie content. Participants were significantly more likely to correctly identify percent daily value if they reported higher education, higher income, and white ethnicity.Conclusions and ImplicationsApproximately one third of participants could not comprehend basic information on Canadian nutrition labels. Lower socioeconomic status was associated with poorer performance.     

Acylcarnitine profile in thyroid disease

ObjectivesTo examine acylcarnitine profiles in individuals with hypo- or hyperthyroidism, and determine whether any atypical acylcarnitine species identified would normalize with correction of thyroid status.Design and methodsSerum acylcarnitine levels were measured in hypo- and hyperthyroid subjects before and after treatment with thyroxine or thionamide therapy respectively.ResultsNo discernible differences were observed in the serum acylcarnitine profiles between hypo-, hyper- and euthyroid states.ConclusionsAcylcarnitine profiles are relatively unremarkable in thyroid disease.