Maternal Medication Use,Fetal 3435 C>T Polymorphism of the ABCB1 Gene,and Risk of Isolated Septal Defects in a Han Chinese Population

The fundamental etiology of the majority of nonsyndromic congenital heart defects is commonly believed to involve the interaction of multiple environmental and genetic factors. This study aimed to explore the joint effects of fetal 3435 C>T polymorphism in the ABCB1 gene and maternal medication use on the risk of septal defects in a Han Chinese population. An age- and gender-matched case–control study involving 265 pairs was conducted from March 2012 to September 2013. Information on maternal periconceptional medication use was obtained through questionnaires. The genotyping of 3435 C>T polymorphism was performed by sequencing. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the joint effects of ABCB1 gene 3435 C>T polymorphism and maternal medication use on the risk of septal defects. Use of maternal medication periconceptionally was significantly associated with an increased risk of septal defects [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 2.133; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.361–3.444; P = 0.001)]. The genotype distributions of 3435 C>T polymorphism differed significantly between cases and control subjects (P < 0.001). Meanwhile, more patients were carriers of the ABCB1 CC/CT genotypes, which were significantly associated with an increased risk of septal defects (OR 2.414; 95 % CI 1.418–4.110; P = 0.001). Children who carry the CC/CT genotype and have been exposed periconceptionally to medication have an almost fourfold increased risk of having septal defects than nonexposed children with the TT genotype (adjusted OR 3.932; 95 % CI 1.708–9.051), particularly perimembranous ventricular septal defects (VSD) (adjusted OR 4.070; 95 % CI 1.570–10.552). In conclusion, fetal 3435 C>T polymorphism in the ABCB1 gene increases the risk for isolated septal defects in the presence of maternal medication use periconceptionally, particularly for perimembranous VSD.     

硝苯地平缓释片和复方利血平氨苯蝶啶片疗效比较

目的比较硝苯地平缓释片和复方利血平氨苯蝶啶片对老年高血压患者的降压疗效。方法将来南京军区杭州疗养院海勤疗养区疗养的60例老年高血压患者随机分为两组,每组30例。分别选用硝苯地平缓释片20mg和复方利血平氨苯蝶啶片1片,1次/d,疗程4周。用药前后进行血压测量,每天定时测血压3次。结果两组药物治疗4周后,硝苯地平缓释片组治疗前后收缩压和舒张压分别下降(21.20±5.49)mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)和(14.20±4.58)mmHg,总有效率为96.67%;复方利血平氨苯蝶啶片组治疗前后收缩压和舒张压分别下降(16.90±7.98)mmHg和(13.00±5.03)mmHg,总有效率为80.00%。两者差异有统计学意义,P0.05。硝苯地平缓释片组副作用发生率为13.33%,复方利血平氨苯蝶啶片组副作用发生率为23.33%。治疗后心电图由供血不足恢复正常。结论硝苯地平缓释片与复方利血平氨苯蝶啶片对老年高血压均有效,尤其硝苯地平缓释片治疗老年人轻、中度高血压疗效好、副作用小,可作为抗高血压一线药物。     

心理干预技术对晚期非小细胞肺癌化疗病人生存质量的影响

据文献报道:47%癌症病人有明显的心理应激反应或心理障碍.化学治疗作为晚期非小细胞癌症的一种主要治疗手段,其本身可引起严重的生理、心理反应(如骨髓抑制、胃肠道反应、疲乏、疼痛、焦虑、抑郁等),导致病人的生存质量下降[1].通过对70例维吾尔族晚期非小细胞肺癌化疗病人运用适当的心理干预技术(如个体或集体的认知干预疗法、放松训练法和引导性想象法、家庭及社会支持、行为训练疗法),观察其对病人生存质量的影响.现报道如下.     

细胞共培养在组织工程研究中的应用及价值

背景：细胞共培养即最大程度地模拟机体内环境,在体外观察细胞与细胞之间的相互作用,是组织工程研究的热点。目的：总结并讨论细胞共培养研究在组织工程研究的应用及价值。方法：由第一作者用计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库（CNKI：2000/2010）和Medline数据库（2000/2010）,检索词分别为＂细胞共培养,骨髓间充质干细胞,神经干细胞,软骨细胞,组织工程＂和＂Cellsco-culture,Bone marrow stem cells,Neural stem cells,Cartilage＂,语言分别设定为中文和英文。从细胞共培养在骨髓间充值干细胞、神经干细胞和软骨细胞3方面进行总结,对细胞共培养在组织工程研究及应用方面进行介绍。结果与结论：共检索到182篇文章,按纳入和排除标准对文献进行筛选,共纳入30篇文章。结果表明大量细胞共培养的研究,都围绕着最大程度地模拟体内环境、维持体内性状,观察细胞与细胞之间相互作用,很多体外细胞共培养的研究结果和进展对于深入了解共培养有重要的指导和参考价值,但有关共培养的新方法新技术,研究结果,最新动向和研究热点但仍需进一步分析和总结。     

出院后家庭健康教育对直肠癌术后结肠造口患者生活质量的影响

目的探讨出院后家庭健康教育对直肠癌术后结肠造口患者生活质量的影响。方法将86例直肠癌结肠造口术后患者随机分为对照组和干预组各43例,对照组给予常规出院康复教育指导;干预组在常规出院康复教育指导基础上,由专职护士通过随访、组织病友会等形式给予患者实施家庭健康教育。比较出院时和出院后第3个月两组患者生活质量情况。结果干预组患者出院后第3个月生活质量综合评定问卷(generic quality of life inventory-74,GQOLI-74)中躯体功能、心理功能及总体生活质量评分明显高于出院时及对照组(均P0.05)。结论家庭健康教育可提高直肠癌术后结肠造口患者的生活质量。     

药物洗脱支架的药物装载方式及应用

背景:药物释放动力学不理想、高分子载体引起的后期血栓和涂层完整性破坏等是目前药物洗脱支架面临的主要问题.要从根本上解决这些问题,就需要改变支架上药物的装载方式,包括药物和载体的选择以及药物涂层的制备工艺.目的:讨论目前药物洗脱支架的药物装载方式,探索其可能的发展方向.方法:应用计算机检索Elsevier、ACS和Springerlink数据库中2000-03/2010-01关于药物洗脱支架涂层的文章,在标题中以stent;drug;coating为检索词进行检索.选择文章内容与药物洗脱支架涂层有关者,同一领域文献则选择发表在权威杂志的文章.初检得到445篇文献,根据纳入标准选择关于药物洗脱支架涂层制备的31篇文章进行综述.结果与结论:目前研究的药物洗脱支架涂层按照药物与其载体间的结合方式可分为物理装载,静电吸附和化学键合.文章分别讨论了不同体系的药物、载体、涂层制备、释放动力学和降低再狭窄效果,指出不同的药物根据其自身的生物、物理和化学性质,可以选择合适的载体和改变涂层制备工艺,从而达到相对理想的释放动力学.另外还展望了药物洗脱支架涂层的未来发展方向,有望为该领域提供新的思路和方法.     

Overexpression and involvement in migration by the metastasis-associated phosphatase PRL-3 in human myeloma cells

Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by accumulation and dissemination of malignant plasma cells (PCs) in the bone marrow (BM). Gene expression profiling of 2 MM cell lines (OH-2 and IH-1) indicated that expression of PRL-3, a metastasis-associated tyrosine phosphatase, was induced by several mitogenic cytokines. Cytokine-driven PRL-3 expression could be shown in several myeloma cell lines at both the mRNA and protein levels. There was significantly higher expression of the PRL-3 gene in PCs from patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), smoldering myeloma (SMM), and myeloma than in PCs from healthy persons. Among 7 MM subgroups identified by unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis, PRL-3 gene expression was significantly higher in the 3 groups denoted as "proliferation," "low bone disease," and "MMSET/FGFR3." PRL-3 protein was detected in 18 of 20 BM biopsies from patients with MM. Silencing of the PRL-3 gene by siRNA reduced cell migration in the MM cell line INA-6, but had no detectable effect on proliferation and cell-cycle phase distribution of the cells. In conclusion, PRL-3 is a gene product specifically expressed in malignant plasma cells and may have a role in migration of these cells.     

成人Moyamoya病的临床表现和影像学特征

目的 总结成人Moyamoya病(烟雾病)的临床表现特点.比较MRA与DSA在Moyamoya病诊断中的价值.方法 对经DSA或MRA确诊的8例成人Moyamoya病患者的临床及影像学资料进行回顾性分析.结果 脑卒中是本组Moyamoya病患者最常见的临床表现,缺血性卒中与出血性卒中发病各半.MRA与DSA检查显示所有患者均有颈内动脉或其分支狭窄或闭塞及脑底异常血管网形成,两者结果相符合.结论 对年轻无基础疾病的脑血管病患者,尤其反复TIA或卒中或头痛患者,应常规行MRI和MRA检查.DSA可清晰显示颅内、外侧枝循环状况,更有助于手术适应证的选择与预后评价.     

包皮中人乳头瘤病毒基因的检测

了解人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）在正常包皮中的感染及感染型别,来分析HPV与阴茎癌的发生关系。采用PCR技术对48例包皮环切患者的包皮组织进行HPV感染相关性研究及分型。20／48例HPV阳性,阳性率为41．7％,其中HPV11、16、18型阳性率分别8．3％（4／48）、12．8％（6／48）、22．9％（11／48）,未见HPV6型。包皮垢或包皮炎患者也有HPV11、16、18型感染。正常包皮中有HPVDNA存在且多为高危型,并伴有包皮垢或既往包皮炎等局部理化刺激因子,为HPV感染与阴茎癌的发生有密切关系提供了佐证。     

Effect of Leptospira interrogans outer membrane proteins LipL32 on HUVEC

Leptospira cause disease through a toxin-mediated process by inducing vascular injury, particularly a small-vessel vasculitis. Breakdown of vessel endothelial cell integrity may increase vessel permeability which is correlated with the changes of tight junction and/or apoptosis in vessel endothelial cells. The specific toxin responsible remains unidentified. In this study, we amplified outer membrane protein LipL32 from the genome of Leptospira interrogans serovar Lai, and it was subcloned in pET32a(+) vector to express thioredoxin(Trx)–LipL32 fusion protein in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The protein was expressed and purified, and Trx–LipL32 was administered to culture with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) to elucidate the role of leptospiral outer membrane proteins in vessel endothelial cell. The purified recombinant protein was capable to increase the permeability of HUVECs. And the protein was able to decrease the expression of ZO-1 and induce F-actin in HUVECs display thickening and clustering. Moreover, apoptosis of HUVEC was significantly accelerated. But the fusion partner had no effect in these regards. It is possible that LipL32 is involved in the vessel lesions.