持续压力超负荷对兔左心室细胞凋亡的影响

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of chronic pressure overload on the apoptosis of the left ventricle myocytes in rabbits. METHODS: Rabbit models of chronic pressure overload-induced heart failure were prepared in which dynamic changes of apoptotic myocytes in the left ventricle were observed by way of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay. RESULTS: Only a few apoptotic cells was observed in the sham-operated group, while in the experimental group, the apoptotic left ventricle myocytes significantly increased after operation, presenting a peak level between day 3 and day 7. Seven days after the operation, the apoptotic myocytes began to decrease and till day 14, the apoptotic cell number had been smaller than that measured on day 1. When signs of heart failure set in, the apoptotic myocytes were again increased (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: During chronic pressure overload, myocyte apoptosis in the left ventricle is elevated at the early stages and undulates subsequently, with the peak occurring before hypertrophy is obvious.     

The Receptor Role of Glycophorin A during the Invasion of Erythrocytes by Plasmodium Falciparum

Under the condition of in vitro culture,the effects of glycophorin A(GPA)of human erythrocyte membrane,anti-GPA IgG,α_1-acid glycoprotein,ovomucoid,wheat germ agglutinin,etc.on the invasion of erythrocytes by P.falciparum were observed in this study.The results show that the combination ofGPA with P.falciparum merozoites has high specificity,high affinity and atendency to saturation,and produces specific biological effects.These confirm forthe first time from the characteristics of the ligand-receptor interaction that GPAis a receptor recognized and bound by P.falciparum merozoites.     

肠外营养与生长激素联合应用对外科大手术术后患者蛋白代谢的影响

目的观察肠外营养与生长激素联合应用对大手术术后患者蛋白代谢的影响。方法将拟实施外科大手术(四类以上手术)熏APACHE-Ⅱ评分>7分的患者30例,入院后随机分为3组熏A组穴n=10雪押肠外营养治疗与生长激素穴金磊赛增雪联合治疗组(PN+GH)鸦B组穴n=10雪押肠外营养治疗组(PN)鸦C组穴n=10雪押正常补液组。其中A组在术后第2天开始给予生长激素皮下肌注,连续7d。结果术后8d内,B、C组患者均处于负氮平衡状态,血清白蛋白与胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)维持较低水平,A组在术后5d机体开始恢复氮平衡,血清白蛋白与IGF-Ⅰ水平逐渐上升,A组与B、C组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论较大的外科手术打击后,单纯给予常规的肠外营养要素不能被机体有效的利用,GH能够提高机体对肠外营养要素的利用率,促进机体蛋白合成。     

奶茶对大鼠体重和血清胆固醇含量的影响

目的 :探讨奶茶对大鼠体重和血清胆固醇含量的影响。方法 :将大鼠随机分为对照、脂对照、奶、茶和奶茶五组 ;高脂饲养的同时分别用水、奶、茶和奶茶进行灌胃 ,定期测定大鼠的血清胆固醇 (TC)。结果 :实验期间奶茶组大鼠体重的增长量高于其他三个高脂饲料组 ,且明显高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;高脂饲料组大鼠的血清胆固醇含量明显增加 ,但增长量在高脂饲料组间差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :本实验浓度的奶茶对高脂饲料诱导的大鼠血清胆固醇升高未见有降低作用     

氟康唑食管给药与静脉给药的药代动力学对比研究

目的:进行氟康唑食管给药与静脉给药的药代动力学研究。方法:采用HPLC法测定14名受试者静脉及食管给予氟康唑后经时血浓度,比较药代动力学参数及药物生物利用度变化。结果:两种给药途径,氟康唑主要药代动力学参数Cmax为(13.31±1.38)和(10.93±0.73)μg/ml,Tmax为(1.04±0.19)和(1.74±0.73)h,T1/2为(40.77±7.13)和(40.05±4.90)h,AUC为(271.09±30.48)和(261.93±32.60)μg/ml·h。食管给药生物利用度为(95.93±6.49)%,两种给药途径的生物利用度无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:食管给药是一种安全有效的给药方法。     

电镜和荧光显微技术在细胞凋亡研究中的应用

目的：探讨荧光显微技术在检测细胞凋亡中的作用。方法：应用拓扑异构酶Ⅱ抑制剂VP-16及化学毒物叠氮钠分别诱导HL-60细胞凋亡和死亡，用透射电镜和经Hoechst 33258染色的荧光显微镜对凋亡及死亡动态观察和定量分析。结果：HL-60细胞在VP16处理后，荧光显微镜下可见核浓缩、染色质凝集、核碎裂等凋亡特征；而叠氮钠诱导的细胞死亡则出现核溶解、核染色质弥散，但无上述改变；两者电镜的观察与荧光显微镜的改变一致；凋亡细胞及坏死细胞荧光显微镜下呈不同的形态特征。对处理的不同时间点细胞的荧光显微镜观察发现：处理后4h核形态开始变化，有核浓缩的细胞比例在处理8h达高峰，然后下降，核碎裂细胞的比例在24h达高峰，约占80％，表明核浓缩发生在核碎裂之前。结论：荧光显微镜技术可明确观察判断细胞凋亡及坏死，并可进行动态及定量分析，是良好的凋亡检测方法。     

甲氟哌酸体外抗菌活性及对耐药感染者的治疗

对天津市新近临床分离的414株细菌进行了甲氟哌酸(Pflx)和氟哌酸(Nflx)体外抗菌活性研究。结果显示Pflx对绝大多数肠杆菌和细菌、不动杆菌有良好抗菌活性,抑菌率>90％。对绿脓杆菌、MSSA及凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌有中度抗菌作用,抑菌率分别为85％、87.5％、87.5％。对MRSA和链球菌抗菌活性稍差,抑菌率在40％～68.42％之间。Nflx体外抗菌活性和Pflx相似。此外,18例药敏试验耐Pflx和Nflx细菌感染患者,经Pflx治疗,肺化脓症1例显效,余17例难治性尿路感染者1例痊愈、9例显效、5例进步、2例无效。     

Effects of laparotomy on systemic macrophage function.

Surgical trauma induces immunosuppression that may adversely influence survival. This study examined the effect of laparotomy on two different macrophage populations, peritoneal macrophages (PM phi) and Kupffer cells. Female, 6- to 8-week old, CFW/C3H-HeN mice (n = 160) were randomly allocated to one of three study groups: control, ether anesthetic only, or ether anesthetic and laparotomy. On postoperative days 1 and 3, PM phis and Kupffer cells were harvested and assayed for superoxide anion production (O2-), percent macrophage phagocytosis of Candida albicans (CAP), percent C. albicans killed by macrophages (CAK), percent major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-class II antigen expression, and antigen presentation. Macrophages isolated on postoperative day 1 were also cocultured with 100 units/10(6) cells/ml interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Laparotomy significantly impaired microbicidal activity (O2-, percent CAP, and percent CAK) and antigen presentation on postoperative day 1. On postoperative day 3, O2- and antigen presentation were increased significantly (p less than 0.05) over control values, indicating a rebound phenomenon. Kupffer cell microbicidal function was unchanged on postoperative days 1 and 3. The initial immune impairment (PM phis: O2-, CAP, and CAK) was abrogated by IFN-gamma treatment. In immunosuppressed hosts after injury, administration of macrophage-activating factors such as IFN-gamma could be of therapeutic benefit.