心电信号预处理与心电信号分析

本文介绍了在一种便携式心电监护仪器中是如何对心电数据进行预处理和智能分析的．为了适应便携式仪器的特征，我们在心电信号预处理中采用了FFT滤波和滑动平均滤波的方法去除各种干扰并使图像得以平滑，同时采用了差分阈值法提取特征点，考虑到监护仪器的实用性，在心电信号分析阶段，我们采用了分析特征间期异常情况的方法来替代对病症的智能诊断功能。     

Serum levels of total IgE in non-allergic children

The purpose of this study was to establish the range of total serum IgE in a healthy population lacking personal and family history of allergy, as well as the influence of genetic factors (family history of allergy), environmental factors (degree of air pollution), age, and sex on the serum IgE levels. Using a commercial enzyme immunoassay (Phadezym IgE Prist) the mean serum level of IgE was determined in 363 non-atopic children from 0 to 12 years of age. The geometric mean of serum IgE increased according to age, indicating a positive correlation between both. Higher mean values of serum IgE were found for children with a family history of allergy, than for children without (27.82 and 14.49 U/ml respectively). The percentage of variation due to age was about 94.5% in children with no family history of allergy. The mean value of serum IgE increased with the degree of air pollution in the living area (15.49 U/ml in non-polluted areas, 20.78 U/ml in very polluted areas). However, the influence of air pollution was smaller than the influence of family history on the mean values of serum IgE. The mean value of serum IgE was not modified by sex.     

胡萝卜籽挥发油的抗生育作用

胡萝卜籽挥发油对小鼠有抗着床,抗早、中和晚期妊娠作用。对大鼠也有抗着床作用。挥发油中的萜类碳氢化合物部位,对小鼠皮下注射抗早期妊娠的ED_(50)为2.9ml/kg,甲地孕酮和hCG能明显逆转其作用;对假孕小鼠蜕膜瘤有抑制作用,此作用不能被甲地孕酮拮抗,皮下注射于早孕大鼠24、48小时后血浆孕酮浓度明显下降。以上提示其抗早孕作用机制可能与抑制孕酮合成和蜕膜反应有关。此外,挥发油碳氢部分无雌激素和抗雌激素活性,低浓度时对早孕大鼠离体子宫的收缩活动没有影响,高浓度则表现抑制作用。     

山紫菀与紫菀镇咳祛痰作用的实验研究

本实验对山紫菀(蹄叶橐吾Ligularia fischeri Turcz.)作了镇咳、祛痰作用的研究,并与紫菀(Aster tataricus L.)在同等条件下进行了比较,它们的浓缩水煎剂均有明显的祛痰作用,而无明显的镇咳作用,二者之间无显著性差异。它们的挥发油乳剂及水煎剂也均未表现出明显的镇咳作用。紫菀挥发油毒性大于山紫菀。     

Road Traffic and Urban Form Factors Correlated with the Incidence of Lung Cancer in High-density Areas: An Ecological Study in Downtown Shanghai,China

The incidence of lung cancer is affected by air pollution, especially in high-density urban areas with heavy road traffic and dense urban form. Several studies have examined the direct relationship between lung cancer incidence and road traffic as well as urban form. However, the results are still inconsistent for high-density urban areas. This study focused on urban form and road traffic, aiming at revealing their relationship with lung cancer incidence in high-density urban areas at the neighborhood level. For this, an ecological study was conducted in downtown Shanghai to identify important indicators and explore quantitative associations. Negative binomial regression was fitted with lung cancer incidence as the dependent variable. The independent variables included indicators for road traffic and urban form, greenness, demographic, and socio-economic factors. The results showed that building coverage, averaged block perimeter area ratio, density of metro station without the glass barrier system, and the percentage of low-quality residential land were positively correlated with lung cancer incidence in the neighborhood, while population density was negatively correlated with lung cancer incidence. This study found a strong self-selection effect of socio-economic factors in the relationship between lung cancer incidence and greenness. These results may be useful for conducting health impact assessments and developing spatial planning interventions for respiratory health in high-density urban areas.     

抗菌药物对骨科围术期预防感染的影响

目的探究抗菌药物对骨科围术期预防感染的影响。方法选择2016年1月-2019年1月瑞安市人民医院骨科收治的手术患者82例,随机数表法分为对照组和研究组,每组各41例,其中对照组围术期给予常规应用抗菌药物,研究组围术期给予干预性应用抗菌药物,观察两组抗菌药物使用情况、抗菌药物费用,并对抗菌药物使用的合理性进行评价。结果研究组住院时间、手术部位感染、治疗各项费用均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组体温异常情况比较,无统计学差异;两组围术期抗菌药物使用均主要以单一用药为主,研究组单一用药多于对照组,二联用药低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组在抗菌药物品种选择、预防用药时机、术后用药时间等围术期抗菌药物使用合理率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组治疗前肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、IL-8、C-反应蛋白(CRP)各项血清炎性因子水平比较,无统计学差异;治疗后,两组血清炎性因子水平均下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论干预性应用抗菌药物对骨科围术期预防感染效果显著,在降低手术部位感染发生率的同时,提高抗菌药物使用合理性、缩短住院时间、降低住院费用。     

两种环磷酰胺冲击方案对狼疮性肾炎的疗效和肿瘤坏死因子的影响

目的：探讨大剂量环磷酰胺静脉冲击治疗狼疮性肾炎（LN）的合理方案及对肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）水平的影响,方法：将51例LN患者分为A,B两组,分别给予2周（A组）和4周（B组）一次环磷酰胺静脉冲击治疗（IV－CYC）,每次用量0．5－1．0g/m2,同时口服强的松1mg.kg^-1.d^-1。用ELISA双抗体夹心法检测LN患者血清和尿TNF水平。结果：A组病情缓解率显著高于B组（P＜0．05）,活动期LN患者血清和尿TNF水平显著高于稳定期,轻度肾功不全患者血清TNF水平显著高于肾功正常者（P＜0．05）,结论：IV－CYC加强的松治疗能显著降低LN患者TNF水平且2周方案优于4周方案,治疗中应根据病情,外周白细胞数和肾功能调整,重症和急进期LN每2周1次,病情轻者可每4周1次,血清和尿TNF的变化有助于监测狼疮活动和肾损害程度。     

曲美他嗪对陈旧性心肌梗死后室性心律失常影响的随机配对、交叉研究

目的：研究曲美他嗪（Trimetazidine）对于处于常规治疗中的心肌梗死后的心 律失常的作用。方法：冠心病陈旧心肌梗死病例（OMI）,共29对（58例）;男性27对,女性2对;配对主要条件：性别、年龄、梗死部位、梗死后时间、高血压病史及分级;糖尿病史;采用病例配对、随机进入试验、交叉、单盲的试验设计;结果分析采用方差分析（ANOV／F检验）。结果：综合交叉试验结果,Trimetazidine处理组室性心律失常的发生低于对照组（F＝4．20,P＜0．05）;对于清醒时间段即活动时间段的室性心律失常的分析显示：Trimetazidine也具有显著的抑制作用（F＝5．87,P＜0．05）;对于Lown3级以上室性心律失常的单独分析,也显示出其较明显的抑制作用（F＝7．61,P≈0．01）;对于OMI后LVEF≤40％患者组的室性心律失常,Trimetazidine也表现出明确的抑制作用（F＝5．43,P＜0．05）。结论：对于陈旧性心肌梗死所伴发的室性心律失常,除基础药物的处理外,应用曲美他嗪可对其产生显著地抑制作用,并减少抗心律失常药物的应用;改善缺血心肌的能量代谢可能是此作用的主要基础。     

新型补体抑制剂对同基因大鼠移植肾功能的长期影响

目的：观察新型补体抑制剂APT070对同基因大鼠移植肾功能的长期影响。方法：应用同基因大鼠肾脏移植模型,供肾移植前分别经观察药物APT070、对照药物APT898及肾脏灌注液灌注,测定术后4－20周移植肾功能及24h尿蛋白含量。结果：肾移植术后4－20周,APT070灌注组移植肾功能明显好于对照组,24h尿蛋白含量明显低于对照组,P＜0．01。结论：APT070作为一种可与肾脏组织结合的新型补体抑制剂,可改善同基因大鼠移植肾的长期功能。     

社区精神分裂症综合式家庭干预对照研究

目的：了解综合式家庭干预对社区精神分裂症患者和家属的效果。方法：在宝山区随机抽取186例精神分裂症进行一年的综合式家庭干预对照研究,干预组86例接受综合式家庭干预和常规社区服务,对照组100例仅接受常规社区服务。结果：干预组患者年复发率下降47．3％,社区功能明显改善,干预组家庭对有关疾病知识增长,心理状况改善,照料负担减轻,与对照组比较效果显著。结论：综合式家庭干预对精神分裂症患者家属有良好的效果,应纳入常规社区服务。