全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2322篇 |
免费 | 175篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 5篇 |
儿科学 | 54篇 |
妇产科学 | 22篇 |
基础医学 | 270篇 |
口腔科学 | 101篇 |
临床医学 | 230篇 |
内科学 | 503篇 |
皮肤病学 | 98篇 |
神经病学 | 159篇 |
特种医学 | 101篇 |
外科学 | 323篇 |
综合类 | 10篇 |
预防医学 | 87篇 |
眼科学 | 44篇 |
药学 | 265篇 |
中国医学 | 1篇 |
肿瘤学 | 230篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 15篇 |
2022年 | 29篇 |
2021年 | 46篇 |
2020年 | 16篇 |
2019年 | 48篇 |
2018年 | 34篇 |
2017年 | 41篇 |
2016年 | 49篇 |
2015年 | 45篇 |
2014年 | 57篇 |
2013年 | 61篇 |
2012年 | 93篇 |
2011年 | 94篇 |
2010年 | 51篇 |
2009年 | 45篇 |
2008年 | 79篇 |
2007年 | 85篇 |
2006年 | 105篇 |
2005年 | 108篇 |
2004年 | 104篇 |
2003年 | 106篇 |
2002年 | 81篇 |
2001年 | 89篇 |
2000年 | 83篇 |
1999年 | 90篇 |
1998年 | 42篇 |
1997年 | 31篇 |
1996年 | 31篇 |
1995年 | 23篇 |
1994年 | 16篇 |
1993年 | 19篇 |
1992年 | 53篇 |
1991年 | 57篇 |
1990年 | 61篇 |
1989年 | 43篇 |
1988年 | 73篇 |
1987年 | 72篇 |
1986年 | 63篇 |
1985年 | 40篇 |
1984年 | 36篇 |
1983年 | 19篇 |
1982年 | 10篇 |
1981年 | 11篇 |
1979年 | 17篇 |
1978年 | 18篇 |
1976年 | 9篇 |
1972年 | 9篇 |
1969年 | 13篇 |
1968年 | 13篇 |
1967年 | 11篇 |
排序方式: 共有2503条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Urinary reconstruction in vertebral,anorectal, cardiac,trachea‐esophageal,renal abnormalities and limb defects association with chronic renal failure and penile duplication 下载免费PDF全文
Masaki Muramatsu Seiichiro Shishido Hiroshi Nihei Yuko Hamasaki Yoji Hyodo Takeshi Kawamura Atsushi Aikawa 《International journal of urology》2015,22(1):125-127
Various urological complications in VATER association require careful management. A 15‐year‐old boy with VATER association, including a hypoplastic lower urinary tract and diphallia, presented with chronic kidney disease and incontinence after a right loop ureterostomy. In order to acquire urinary continence without renal function impairment, an ileocecal reservoir with umbilical catheterizable stoma was created as a urinary reconstruction. The ectopic posterior penis was resected for cosmetic reasons, and the stump of the hypoplastic urethra was opened at the perineal skin. Clean intermittent self‐catheterization through the umbilicus using disabled bilateral limbs was then achieved. This report describes the management of VATER association in a patient with complicated urological anomalies. 相似文献
62.
Masato Karayama Naoki Inui Hideki Yasui Sawa Yamazaki Eriko Muramatsu Tomohiro Uto Satoru Morita Kazuhiro Asada Tomoyoshi Tsutiya Yutaka Nakano Takafumi Suda Kingo Chida 《Nihon Kokyūki Gakkai zasshi》2006,44(9):670-673
A 29-year-old man was admitted with fever and anorexia. Radiographic examinations of the chest showed a localized peripheral non-segmental air-space consolidation in the right lower lobe. He had a history of exposure to parakeets, and psittacosis was diagnosed based on the elevated serum complement fixation titer against Chlamydia psittaci. The common radiographic finding of psittacosis is ground-glass attenuation radiating from the hilar areas. We report a rare case of psittacosis presenting a localized consolidation, clearly limited to the subpleural region of the lung. 相似文献
63.
Development and internal validation of a nomogram for predicting stone‐free status after flexible ureteroscopy for renal stones 下载免费PDF全文
64.
Efficacy of directional coronary atherectomy before stent implantation for coronary ostial lesions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Muramatsu T Tsukahara R Ho M Ito S Inoue T Akimoto T Hirano K 《The Journal of invasive cardiology》2000,12(9):440-445
We evaluated stent implantation following directional coronary atherectomy (DCA) for coronary ostial lesions. The subjects were 27 patients (27 lesions) who underwent stent deployment after DCA, and 47 patients (47 lesions) who underwent stent deployment alone as the control group. There were no differences in numbers of lesions with multi-vessel disease, left anterior descending artery lesions, de novo lesions or reference vessel diameters in the two groups. The percent diameter stenosis after stent implantation was lower in the DCA-stent group than in the stent-alone group (9 +/- 10% versus 17 +/- 14%, respectively; p < 0.01). The initial procedural success rate was 92.6% in the DCA-stent group and 91.4% in the stent-alone group. The initial clinical success rate was 100% in the DCA-stent group and 95.7% in the stent-alone group. The restenosis rate was lower in the DCA-stent group (20% versus 43% in the stent-alone group). This study showed that debulking by DCA before stenting is more effective compared to stenting alone. 相似文献
65.
Toshiya Muramatsu Ken Kozuma Reiko Tsukahara Yoshiaki Ito Naoya Fujita Satoru Suwa Shiho Koyama Masahiko Saitoh Haruo Kamiya Masato Nakamura 《Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions》2007,70(5):677-682
OBJECTIVES: To assess the myocardium-reperfusing effect of a distal protection device, GuardWire Plus (GuardWire Plus), in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). BACKGROUND: Distal embolization may result in reduced myocardial perfusion, increasing the risk of non-Q-wave myocardial infarction and death. Distal protection devices may protect the microcirculation from embolic debris, improving short- and long-term clinical outcomes. METHODS: From February 2002 to July 2003, a total of 341 AMI patients at 22 institutions in Japan were enrolled in the present, multicenter, prospective, randomized trial. Patients experiencing AMI within 12 hr of symptom onset, who were considered treatable by stenting and who met the inclusion criteria, were eligible for randomization. Stenting with and without GuardWire Plus was conducted to examine whether the device provides faster and more complete ST-segment resolution, smaller infarct size, and improved myocardial blush score. RESULTS: The rates of slow flow and no-reflow immediately after PCI were 5.3 and 11.4% in the GuardWire Plus and control groups, respectively (P = 0.05). Blush score 3 acquisition rates immediately after PCI were 25.2 and 20.3% in the GuardWire Plus and control groups, respectively (P = 0.26), and the rates at 30 days after PCI were 42.9 and 30.4%, respectively (P = 0.035). CONCLUSIONS: A significant difference was found between the GuardWire Plus and control groups with respect to the total incidence of distal embolization, indicating that GuardWire Plus angiographically improved myocardial perfusion without demonstrating the preventive effect of myocardial damage. 相似文献
66.
Early effects of lafutidine or rabeprazole on intragastric acidity: which drug is more suitable for on-demand use? 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Inamori M Togawa J Iwasaki T Ozawa Y Kikuchi T Muramatsu K Chiguchi G Matsumoto S Kawamura H Abe Y Kirikoshi H Kobayashi N Shimamura T Kubota K Sakaguchi T Saito S Ueno N Nakajima A 《Journal of gastroenterology》2005,40(5):453-458
Background Medication for the relief of heartburn should have the rapid onset of action required for on-demand use. We studied the inhibition of gastric acid secretion by lafutidine and rabeprazole, given in single doses to fasting and postprandial subjects.Methods A total of 22 healthy male, Helicobacter pylori-negative volunteers participated in this randomized, two-way crossover study. They were randomly assigned to receive a single oral dose of 10mg lafutidine or 20mg rabeprazole after fasting overnight (12 subjects, fasting study) or after eating a test meal (noodles, 364kcal; protein, 10.1g; fat, 16g; carbohydrates, 44.9g; NaCl, 1.1g; 10 subjects, postprandial study). Intragastric pH was monitored continuously for 6h after treatment. The other drug was given after a washout period of at least 7 days, and intragastric pH was similarly monitored.Results In the fasting study, lafutidine sustained pH at >3 and >4 during the second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth hours of the study for significantly longer than rabeprazole. During the first 6h after treatment, lafutidine sustained pH at more than 2, 3, 3.5, 4, 5, 6, and 7 longer than rabeprazole. In the postprandial study, lafutidine sustained pH >3 and >4 for longer periods than rabeprazole during the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth hours of the study. During the first 6h after treatment, lafutidine sustained pH at more than 2, 3, 3.5, 4, 5, 6, and 7 longer than rabeprazole.Conclusions Lafutidine 10mg produces a prompter rise in intragastric pH than rabeprazole 20mg in fasting and postprandial Helicobacter pylori-negative male subjects. 相似文献
67.
Saneyuki Takaichi Takashi Muramatsu Jong-Min Lee Han-Sung Jung Naoshi Shinozaki Akira Katakura Gen-yuki Yamane 《ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA》2014,47(5):195-201
Alkaline conditions in the oral cavity may be caused by a variety of stimuli, including tobacco products, antacids, alkaline drinking water and bicarbonate toothpaste. However, the effects of an alkaline pH on the oral mucosa had not been elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate how basal keratinocytes are actively involved in re-epithelialization after alkaline chemical injury. We generated epithelial defects in the oral mucosa of mice by applying an alkaline chemical, and the localization of cytokeratin 13, cytokeratin 14, PCNA and p63 was investigated during the re-epithelialization process. PCNA- and p63-positive staining was seen in basal cells covering the wound surface at 1 day after the chemical injury. Cytokeratin 14-positive and PCNA-negative basal keratinocytes were localized in a few layers of the wound epithelium during epithelial outgrowth. Cytokeratin 14-positive and PCNA-positive basal keratinocytes, indicating proliferation, were localized over the entire layer of the epithelium at the wound margin. These results imply that basal keratinocytes at the wound margin migrate to the wound surface, provoke differentiation and keratinization during epithelial outgrowth and that epithelial cells are supplied from the wound margin to the epithelial outgrowth after alkaline chemical injury. 相似文献
68.
Nobuo Kondoh Masako Mizuno-Kamiya Naoki Umemura Eiji Takayama Harumi Kawaki Kenji Mitsudo Yasunori Muramatsu Shinichiro Sumitomo 《Japanese Dental Science Review》2019,55(1):113-120
Inflammation substantially affects the risk of oral malignancy. Pro-inflammatory cytokine, interferon (IFN)-γ, confers anti-tumor activity using several different mechanisms. Conversely, higher expression of interleukin (IL)-17 is associated with worse prognosis. Monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 correlates positively with poor long-term survival of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. IL-1α affects cancer associated fibroblasts and macrophages, and promote several malignant phenotypes including immune suppression. Some anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, relate to pro-tumoral activities.Among immune checkpoint modulators, programmed death (PD-)1 and PD-ligand (L)1 facilitate oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell evasion from immune surveillance, and the expression status of these has a prognostic value.OSCCs contain tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) as major stromal cells of their tumor microenvironment. Among the two distinctive states, M2 macrophages support tumor invasion, metastasis and immune suppression. Crosstalk between TAMs and OSCC or cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) plays an important role in the progression of OSCC.Clinical trials with blocking antibodies against IL-1α or melanoma-associated antigens have been reported as therapeutic approaches against OSCCs. The most promising approach activating antitumor immunity is the blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 axis. Manipulating the polarization of pro-tumorigenic macrophages has been reported as a novel therapeutic approach. 相似文献
69.
Yamauchi K Takahashi T Kaneuji T Nogami S Miyamoto I Lethaus B 《The Journal of craniofacial surgery》2012,23(3):658-660
Severe skeletal relapse is one of the most difficult problems after mandibular advancement, and the management to overcome such problems tends to require more compromised methods and longer treatment period. We described that mandibular backward distraction osteogenesis with maxillomandibular fixation at an appropriate occlusion. Furthermore, to avoid inappropriate distraction vector, the distal plates of the distraction device were fixed with 1 screw to work as a pivot after the manipulation of the condyle to the glenoid fossa at the end of distraction activation. This technique was applied to 3 female patients with mandibular deficiency. The intraoral distractors were set on the lateral surface of the mandibular body; the fixation of the distal plate was fixed with 1 monocortical screw to make the proximal segment including the condyle manipulating at the end of the distraction phase by releasing the maxillomandibular fixation. The distraction rate was 1 mm/d, and the latency period was 7 days. The follow-up period after mandibular backward distraction osteogenesis ranged from 26 to 56 months. No specific complication, such as broken device, severe infection, or bony nonunion, occurred. Postoperative relapse was not observed during the follow-up period. This technique might become 1 choice to apply for mandibular deficiency in a patient with high risk for relapse. 相似文献
70.
Loss of heterozygosity in 7q myeloid disorders: clinical associations and genomic pathogenesis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jerez A Sugimoto Y Makishima H Verma A Jankowska AM Przychodzen B Visconte V Tiu RV O'Keefe CL Mohamedali AM Kulasekararaj AG Pellagatti A McGraw K Muramatsu H Moliterno AR Sekeres MA McDevitt MA Kojima S List A Boultwood J Mufti GJ Maciejewski JP 《Blood》2012,119(25):6109-6117
Loss of heterozygosity affecting chromosome 7q is common in acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes, pointing toward the essential role of this region in disease phenotype and clonal evolution. The higher resolution offered by recently developed genomic platforms may be used to establish more precise clinical correlations and identify specific target genes. We analyzed a series of patients with myeloid disorders using recent genomic technologies (1458 by single-nucleotide polymorphism arrays [SNP-A], 226 by next-generation sequencing, and 183 by expression microarrays). Using SNP-A, we identified chromosome 7q loss of heterozygosity segments in 161 of 1458 patients (11%); 26% of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia patients harbored 7q uniparental disomy, of which 41% had a homozygous EZH2 mutation. In addition, we describe an SNP-A-isolated deletion 7 hypocellular myelodysplastic syndrome subset, with a high rate of progression. Using direct and parallel sequencing, we found no recurrent mutations in typically large deletion 7q and monosomy 7 patients. In contrast, we detected a markedly decreased expression of genes included in our SNP-A defined minimally deleted regions. Although a 2-hit model is present in most patients with 7q uniparental disomy and a myeloproliferative phenotype, haplodeficient expression of defined regions of 7q may underlie pathogenesis in patients with deletions and predominant dysplastic features. 相似文献