系统性红斑狼疮患者淋巴细胞亚群早期凋亡的初步研究

目的：检测系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)中不同细胞亚群发生凋亡的情况，并初步分析其在SLE发病机制中的意义。方法：取28例SLE患者和性别年龄与之相匹配的20个正常对照者。采用淋巴细胞亚群标志、Annexin-V及碘化丙啶三色荧光标记、流式细胞术检测细胞的早期凋亡。结果：SLE患者体内CD3^ T细胞、CD4^ T细胞和CD8^ T细胞的凋亡百分率均显著高于正常对照组(P＜0．05)。同时，SLE患者T淋巴细胞的死亡百分率也高于正常人。经激素治疗一定时间后，这些细胞亚群的凋亡率会进一步升高(P＜0．01)，但CD4／CD8比值恢复至接近正常人。SLE患考体内CDl9^ B淋巴细胞的凋亡或死亡百分率和正常对照组相比均无明显差别，激素治疗对B细胞凋亡和死亡的影响亦不显著。结论：在SLE患者体内主要是T淋巴细胞凋亡增加，但SLE患者淋巴细胞数目减少不仅仅是因为细胞凋亡所致，死亡细胞数目明显升高也是其中一个重要原因。激素治疗可诱导SLE患者T淋巴细胞进一步发生凋亡，并使T细胞亚群比例有所改善。     

Patterns of meniscal injury with acute anterior cruciate ligament tears

One hundred two patients underwent an arthrotomy for the primary repair of an acute ACL tear with or without an associated collateral ligament injury. The mean age was 23 years. Forty-seven patients (46%) had meniscal injuries. Meniscal injuries were found in 41% of Group I patients (isolated ACL injuries) and in 54% of Group II patients (injured ACL/collateral ligaments). Twenty-eight medial and 22 lateral meniscal tears were noted. Twenty-six of the 50 meniscal tears (52%) were sutured in an attempt to repair the menisci. Of these, 20 of the medial (71%), and 6 of the lateral (27%) meniscal injuries were sutured. No patients in this series required a total meniscectomy. A thorough evaluation of the menisci is mandatory in knees with an acutely injured ACL.     

贝那普利降压疗效与校正QT间期的关系

目的探讨原发性高血压患者心电图心率校正QT间期(QTc)和贝那普利降压疗效之间的关系.方法采用前瞻性队列研究方法调查安徽A县899名高血压病患者的基线心电图、治疗15 d前后的血压变化及相关临床和流行病学特点等情况.结果 QTc和血压下降呈负相关.QTc每增加0.1秒1/2,收缩压和舒张压的下降值分别减少3.6 mmHg和3.3 mmHg,且差异均有显著性(P＜0.05).将QTc三等分后,随着QTc等分的增加,收缩压和舒张压的下降值均逐渐减少,且差异具有显著性(P＜0.05);将QTc等分后的变量放入方程中进行趋势性分析,发现在收缩压和舒张压组中的负相关关系具有显著性(P＜0.05).随着QTc等级的增加,舒张压有效率逐渐降低,且有显著性差异(P＜0.05),收缩压的效应关系不如舒张压明显.结论 QTc和贝那普利降压疗效呈负相关,对贝那普利短期降压疗效具有重要的预测价值.     

Intervention program for obese school children.

The purpose of this study was to implement and evaluate a program for obese school children. A pretest-posttest design was utilized. Data was collected related to weight status, skinfold measurements, self-esteem, and nutritional knowledge. A convenience sample of 26 children, in the fourth to sixth grades, completed this 9-week program. The results indicate that self-esteem increased significantly (p less than .001) between the pretest and posttest interval. Weight status and nutritional knowledge showed no improvement. Exercise was difficult to assess on self-report, therefore no conclusions were were drawn in relation to this variable. Future research will be directed toward refining this intervention program.     

The perioperative management of the arthroscopic patient

This article has described the perioperative management of the arthroscopic patient. As emphasized, preoperative planning requires a precise diagnosis, patient education, and selective procedures. The operative management is sophisticated, exacting, and challenging, as discussed in other articles of this issue. Finally, the postoperative management is specifically directed toward pathology and procedure. Recovery times are variable, and complications are not insignificant and can lead to prolonged patient morbidity and financial loss. It is important to consider patient goals versus reality, patient willingness to opt for acceptable versus optimal results, and if the procedure is necessary versus justified versus contraindicated. If all of these factors are kept in mind by the surgeon and conveyed to the patient, arthroscopic surgery can be extremely rewarding to both.