聚乙二醇电解质散剂联合低剂量硫酸镁与西甲硅油在结肠镜检查前肠道准备中的应用

目的：探讨聚乙二醇电解质散剂（PEG）中加入低剂量硫酸镁和西甲硅油在结肠镜检查前肠道准备中的应用和观察。方法：150例行结肠镜检查的患者,按不同肠道准备方法随机分为三组：A组：PEG;B组：PEG＋低剂量硫酸镁;C组：PEG＋低剂量硫酸镁＋西甲硅油,每组50例。比较不同方法的有效性、安全性及耐受性。结果：所有患者均完成肠道准备和全结肠镜检查。肠道清洁度比较,C组、B组均优于A组,差异有统计学意义（96％vs 92％vs 72％,χ2＝6．78,χ2＝10．71,均P＜0．05）。肠道内气泡产生率比较,C组优于B组和A组,差异有统计学意义（χ2＝6．35,χ2＝4．33,均P＜0．05）。三种肠道准备方法的不良反应、药物耐受情况差异均无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论：聚乙二醇电解质散剂联合低剂量硫酸镁和西甲硅油用于结肠镜检查前的肠道准备,有效性较高,安全性和耐受性值得进一步探讨。     

New alternatively spliced variant of prostate-specific membrane antigen PSM-E suppresses the proliferation, migration and invasiveness of prostate cancer cells

PSM-E is a newly discovered alternatively spliced variant of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). In the current study, its role on the proliferation, invasiveness and migration in prostate cancer cell lines was analyzed. PSM-E and PSMA (as a comparison) eukaryotic expression vectors pcDNA3.0/PSM-E and pcDNA3.0/PSMA were constructed, validated by RT-PCR and Western blotting, and PSMA/PSM-E overexpression PC-3 cell models were built. Gene interference was used to block PSMA and the expression of its splice variants in LNCap cells. Three shRNA fragments were synthesized against PSMA, cloned into the vector pSilencer?2.1-U6-neo, their interference effect was evaluated by RT-PCR and Western blotting, and pSilencer?2.1-U6-neo?shRNA3 (named p?shRNA3) was chosen in further analyses. Growth curves were drawn to observe the proliferation change, which showed that PSM-E had the potential to suppress proliferation (P<0.05), but no significant change was observed in PSMA/PC-3 cells and in PSMA/PSM-E interfering LNCap cells (P>0.05). Cross-river test showed that the migration speeds of PSM-E/PC-3 and PSMA/PC-3 were both significantly slower than the vector negative control, and faster in p-shRNA3 interfering LNCap cells compared with its vector negative control (P<0.05), and no significant difference existed between PSM-E/PC-3 and PSMA/PC-3 (P>0.05). Transwell assay showed that the invasive cells of both PSMA/PC-3 and PSM-E/PC-3 were fewer compared to the vector negative control (P<0.05), and the invasive suppression effect of PSM-E was weaker than PSMA (P<0.05), and accordingly, invasiveness of interfering LNCaP cells was enhanced compared with the vector negative control (P<0.05). These results showed that PSM-E could suppress proliferation, migration and invasiveness of prostate cancer cells. Its suppression effect on cell proliferation is stronger compared to PSMA and the suppression effect on invasiveness is weaker than that of PSMA.     

THE TECHNIQUE OF THE NORMOTHERMIC AND HYPOTHERMIC TOTAL HEPATIC VASCULAR EXCLUSION FOR RESECTION OF THE LIVER TUMORS

ＴＨＥＴＥＣＨＮＩＱＵＥＯＦＴＨＥＮＯＲＭＯＴＨＥＲＭＩＣＡＮＤＨＹＰＯＴＨＥＲＭＩＣＴＯＴＡＬＨＥＰＡＴＩＣＶＡＳＣＵＬＡＲＥＸＣＬＵＳＩＯＮＦＯＲＲＥＳＥＣＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＨＥＬＩＶＥＲＴＵＭＯＲＳＨｕａｎｇＪｉｅｆｕ黄洁夫ＬｉＧｕｉｓｈｅｎｇ李桂...     

Initial Progression-Free Survival after Non-First Line TKIs Therapy Potentially Guides Immediate Treatment after Its Failure in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Objective The standard therapy after failure of the initial non-first line epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) treatment in advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) has not yet been established.The aim of the current study was to identify whether the 2 TKI treatment or chemotherapy(paclitaxel-containing or non-paclitaxel regimen) is the appropriate treatment for patients with NSCLC based on the efficacy of the initial TKIs. Methods Seventy-two advanced NSCLC patients who had accepted 2 TKIs or chemotherapy immediately after failure of the initial TKIs in non-first line setting from May 1,2004 to January 31,2010 at the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center were enrolled.The primary endpoint[2 progression-free survival(PFS)]and the second endpoint[overall survival(OS)]were compared among the 2 TKI and chemotherapy groups as well as their subgroups. Results(1) Twenty-one patients were treated with 2 TKIs,and 51 patients were administered chemotherapy after failure of the initial non-first line TKI treatment.There was nonsignificant difference in the responses(P=0.900)[2 PFS(P=0.833) and OS(P=0.369)] between the 2 TKI and chemotherapy groups.(2) In the 2 TKI group,9 patients exhibited PFS>7 months.The initial TKI treatment group exhibited a longer 2 PFS than the other 12 patients with an initial PFS<7 months(7 months vs.2 months,P=0.019).However, these groups had nonsignificantly different OS(P=0.369).(3) In the chemotherapy group,patients with PFS<5 months exhibited longer 2 PFS than those with PFS > 5 months in the initial TKI treatment(3 months vs.2 months,P=0.039).(4) In the chemotherapy group, patients treated with paclitaxel-containing regimen showed longer 2 PFS than those treated with non-paclitaxel regimen(5 months vs.2.3 months,P=0.043). Conclusions Patients with PFS>7 months or <5 months under the initial TKI treatment potentially benefit from the 2 TKI treatment or chemotherapy immediately after failure of the non-first line TKIs.The paclitaxel-containing regimen may improve the 2 PFS. However,more patient samples are urgently needed to validate these findings.     

羧甲基茯苓多糖对IL-2促诱生效应的实验与临床研究

采用0.5％～1.0％低血清培养法较好地模拟了小剂量rhTNF-α(50U/ml)对人早幼粒白血病细胞株HL-60的增殖抑制效应,但未发现促分化作用,对细胞株c-myc基因的表达亦无明显影响;而TNF(50μ/ml)具有诱导HL-60细胞分化和抑制细胞增殖的作用,且显著抑制其c-myc癌基因的表达水平。结果表明c-myc基因表达减低主要与TNF诱导HL-60白血病细胞分化相关,并非细胞增殖受抑的结果,对癌基因表达水平的调控可能是小剂量TNF发挥分化诱导作用的重要机制。     

带肌蒂腓骨段转位治疗膝部肿瘤切除后骨缺损

自1993年以来，应用带同侧比目鱼肌或股二头肌蒂腓骨段转位，治疗股骨下端、胫骨上端肿瘤切除后骨缺损6例。除1例近期手术者外，其余5例随访4～29个月，中位18个月，全部骨愈合。除1例受区为灭活骨外，其余4例在术后8周均见大量骨痂生长。这种骨连接的速度与不带血供的移植骨无法比拟。本法的优点是：转位的腓骨营养丰富，操作简单，便于推广，但使用范围尚有一定限制。     

KOZAK序列对乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞CCNL1基因表达的影响

目的：探讨KOZAK序列对细胞周期调节蛋白1（CCNL1）基因在人乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231中表达的影响。方法：构建pcDNA3.1-CCNL1和pcDNA3.1-CCNL1-K（含有KOZAK序列）的真核重组表达质粒,采用Fugene HD转染试剂将重组表达质粒转染入MDA-MB-231细胞,并用荧光定量PCR和Western blot方法检测pcDNA3.1-CCNL1和pcDNA3.1-CCNL1-K重组质粒在MDA-MB-231细胞中表达的差异。结果：在MDA-MB-231细胞中质粒pcDNA3.1-CCNL1-K比空白对照细胞mRNA和蛋白质表达量要高;而质粒pcDNA3.1-CCNL1比空白对照细胞mRNA和蛋白质表达量也高。结论：在MDA-MB-231细胞中,质粒pcDNA3.1-CCNL1-K较pcDNA3.1-CCNL1的mRNA和蛋白表达水平均存在差异,KOZAK序列能够提高CCNL1基因在MDA-MB-231细胞中的表达。     

吉非替尼治疗化疗失败后的晚期非小细胞肺癌30例临床观察

目的:观察吉非替尼治疗含铂化疗后失败的晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者的疗效及毒副反应.方法:对30例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者给予吉非替尼250 mg/d口服治疗,持续用药直到疾病进展或出现不可耐受的毒副反应.结果:30例患者均可评价疗效及毒副反应,服药2个月后行病灶CT检查,CR 2例(6.7%),PR 6例(20.0%),SD 14例(46.6%),PD 8例(26.7%),总有效率(CR+PR)26.7%,疾病控制率(CR+PR+SD)73.3%.复发患者中位肿瘤进展时间为7个月,全组患者中位总生存时间(OS)为18个月,1年生存率为 84.6%,2年生存率为22.0%.不良反应主要为Ⅰ～Ⅱ度皮疹和腹泻,一般无需特殊处理,可以自行缓解.结论:吉非替尼是治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的有效靶向治疗药物,可用于含铂药物失败后的二线或三线治疗.药物相关的毒副反应主要为轻度的皮疹及腹泻,患者容易耐受.     

Association between RAD51 gene polymorphism (-135G/C) and susceptibility of myelodysplastic syndrome and acute leukemia: evidence based on a meta-analysis

Study results on the association between RAD51 gene -135G/C polymorphism and risk of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute leukemia are inconsistent. A meta-analysis was conducted to identify the association. A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Embase, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang databases to collect all relevant studies until January 2013. Meta-analysis was carried out using fixed/random model by Review Manager 5.1 and STATA10.0. A total of 10 eligible studies with 2,656 patients and 3,725 controls were included in meta-analysis. Significant association was detected between -135G/C polymorphism and increased MDS risk (CC?+?GC vs. GG: OR?=?1.46, 95 % CI?=?1.11–1.92; CC vs. GC?+?GG: OR?=?2.45, 95 % CI?=?1.23–4.89), while no association was observed for acute leukemia. Subgroup analysis by subtypes of acute leukemia and ethnicity showed no significant results either. Our meta-analysis indicated that the -135G/C polymorphism might be associated with increased susceptibility of MDS. However, lack of evidence supported association of this polymorphism with acute leukemia. Additional well-designed studies with larger samples are required to verify our results.     

基于SEER数据库脊索瘤临床预测模型的建立及验证

目的 构建脊索瘤患者的预测模型并进行验证.方法 从SEER数据库(2004～2015年)中鉴定和收集597例脊索瘤患者.Nomogram是基于建模组420例拥有完整数据的患者建立的.C指数(C-index)和校正曲线确定Nomogram的预测精度和判别能力.结果 建立了基于年龄、种族、原发部位及数量、肿瘤分期(TNM)...