鸟氨酸脱羧酶的生理病理特点及其药物研究概况

鸟氨酸脱羧酶(ornithinedecarboxylase,ODC)是多胺代谢中的关键酶,广泛存在于人体和动物各组织细胞内,其中对肠细胞的增生、移行和分化起重要作用.机体调节因素比较复杂.在黏膜损伤性疾病及某些癌前病变等细胞大量增生的病理情况下ODC的表达发生改变,可以作为这些疾病分期、预后及药物作用靶点或疗效的指标.寻找对ODC有作用的药物对于治疗其相关疾病是非常有意义的.     

Two missense variants in UHRF1BP1 are independently associated with systemic lupus erythematosus in Hong Kong Chinese

UHRF1BP1 encodes a highly conserved protein with unknown function. Previously, a coding variant in this gene was found to be associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in populations of European ancestry (rs11755393, R454Q, P=2.22 x 10??, odds ratio=1.17). In this study, by a combination of genome-wide study and replication involving a total of 1230 patients and 3144 controls, we confirmed the association of this coding variant to SLE in Hong Kong Chinese. We also identified another coding variant in this gene that independently contributes to SLE susceptibility (rs13205210, M1098T, P=4.44 x 10??, odds ratio=1.49). Cross-population confirmation establishes the involvement of this locus in SLE and indicates that distinct alleles are contributing to disease susceptibility.     

血管紧张素原基因5’端启动子区A-20C和A-6G单核苷酸多态性与蒙古族人群原发性高血压的相关性

目的:分析血管紧张素原基因启动子区A-20C和A-6G单核苷酸多态性与蒙古族人群原发性高血压的相关性。方法:实验于2005-08/2006-01在北京华大实验室完成。选取对象均为生活在内蒙古乌拉特后旗的蒙古族牧民,三代血亲内无其他民族。采用基因测序技术对内蒙古蒙古族人群中107例原发性高血压患者和108例正常对照者进行A-20C和A-6G基因分型,观察高血压组和正常对照组不同基因型的分布和等位基因频率的差异。结果:①两组受试者在性别、年龄及吸烟、饮酒、体质量指数和临床化验检查指标有较好的匹配(P均>0.05)。②两组血管紧张素原基因A-20C位点AA,AC,CC基因型频率比较差异无显著性意义(高血压组分别为0.51,0.29,0.20;正常对照组分别为0.49,0.28,0.23,χ2=0.395,P=0.529)。A,C等位基因频率比较差异无显著性意义(高血压组分别为0.65,0.35;正常对照组分别为0.63,0.37,χ2=0.015,P=0.904)。③两组血管紧张素原基因A-6G位点AA,AG,GG基因型频率比较差异无显著性意义(高血压组分别为0.50,0.33,0.17;正常对照组分别为0.55,0.34,0.11,χ2=1.924,P=0.165)。A,G等位基因频率比较差异无显著性意义(高血压组分别为0.66,0.34;正常对照组分别为0.72,0.28,χ2=1.728,P=0.189)。④高血压组协同存在血管紧张素原基因A-20C基因型CC时,血管紧张素原基因A-6G基因型GG频率稍高于正常对照组,但差异无显著性意义(χ2=2.395,P=0.122,OR=7.52,95%CI0.014～1.250),高血压组G等位基因明显高于正常对照组(分别为0.37,0.22,χ2=4.658,P=0.034),携带该等位基因的蒙古族人群发生原发性高血压的相对危险度升高(OR=2.80,95%CI1.087～7.271)。结论:血管紧张素原基因A-20C和A-6G单核苷酸多态性与蒙古族人群原发性高血压相关,并可能具有协同作用。     

Impact of Baby‐Friendly Hospital Practices on Breastfeeding in Hong Kong

Abstract: Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) developed the Baby‐Friendly Hospital Initiative to improve hospital maternity care practices that support breastfeeding. In Hong Kong, although no hospitals have yet received the Baby‐Friendly status, efforts have been made to improve breastfeeding support. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of Baby‐Friendly hospital practices on breastfeeding duration. Methods: A sample of 1,242 breastfeeding mother‐infant pairs was recruited from four public hospitals in Hong Kong and followed up prospectively for up to 12 months. The primary outcome variable was defined as breastfeeding for 8 weeks or less. Predictor variables included six Baby‐Friendly practices: breastfeeding initiation within 1 hour of birth, exclusive breastfeeding while in hospital, rooming‐in, breastfeeding on demand, no pacifiers or artificial nipples, and information on breastfeeding support groups provided on discharge. Results: Only 46.6 percent of women breastfed for more than 8 weeks, and only 4.8 percent of mothers experienced all six Baby‐Friendly practices. After controlling for all other Baby‐Friendly practices and possible confounding variables, exclusive breastfeeding while in hospital was protective against early breastfeeding cessation (OR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.42–0.88). Compared with mothers who experienced all six Baby‐Friendly practices, those who experienced one or fewer Baby‐Friendly practices were almost three times more likely to discontinue breastfeeding (OR: 3.13; 95% CI: 1.41–6.95). Conclusions: Greater exposure to Baby‐Friendly practices would substantially increase new mothers’ chances of breastfeeding beyond 8 weeks postpartum. To further improve maternity care practices in hospitals, institutional and administrative support are required to ensure all mothers receive adequate breastfeeding support in accordance with WHO guidelines. (BIRTH 38:3 September 2011)