Mineralocorticoid effects on Na-K-ATPase in individual nephron segments

A fluorometric micromethod for the assay of Na-K-ATPase was used to determine Na-K-ATPase activity in 11 segments of the rabbit nephron. The Na-K-ATPase activity was found to be highest (greater than 100 pmol.mm1-.min-1) in proximal convoluted tubules (S1), medullary thick ascending limbs, distal convoluted tubules, and connecting tubules. There was a good correlation (r = 0.94) between Na-K-ATPase activity in different segments and net Na transport previously measured by in vitro tubule perfusion. Treatment of rabbits with deoxycorticosterone (DOCA) for 8-11 days produced increases in Na-K-ATPase activity of 100 and 500% in connecting tubules and cortical collecting ducts, respectively, without significant change in other segments. Maintenance on a low sodium diet for 12-18 days was associated with a 200% increase in Na-K-ATPase activity in cortical collecting ducts only. We conclude that the Na-K-ATPase activity is stimulated by mineralocorticoids in the cortical collecting duct in association with the previously observed changes in sodium transport.     

Experimental pathogenesis of buffalo pox virus in rabbits: clinico-pathological studies

Buffalo pox virus produced typical pock lesions on the skin of rabbits at the site of primary inoculation following an incubation period of 48-72 hr. Gross lesions in internal organs, characterized by focal or diffuse necrotic areas on lung, liver and spleen were seen from day 5 post-inoculation (p. i.). Isolated lesions of approximately 2 mm diameter appeared in skin, stomach, intestine and uterus from day 7 p. i. Histopathological changes, i. e. intra-alveolar and intra-bronchial haemorrhages were seen in lungs and severe fatty changes were found in the liver. Multinuclear cells were detected in liver during recovery. Virus particles were demonstrated by electron microscopy in skin, lung, liver and spleen lesions.     

Physiological and clinical studies on norms and variations in counts of circulating basophile leucocytes

Variations in the counts of circulating basophile leucocytes in 225 subjects were studied. The results obtained are as follows: 1) The counts (per mm3) show a gradual rise with growth, from infancy to adolescence, and maintain a fair constancy in adults. 2) No significant sex difference was found in the peripheral basophile counts. 3) A definite diurnal variation in the counts exists, which is lowest in the morning and highest in the evening. 4) the counts are altered in different phases of the menstrual cycle. 5) Pregnant women show lower counts than nonpregnant women. 6) Surgical trauma and a single electroconvulsive shock lowers the counts significantly but variations are not significant after meals and physical exercise. 7) Smokers have slightly higher counts than non-smokers. 8) course of irradiation therapy lowers the counts significantly in patients with inoperable noplastic diseases. 9) Counts show insignificant variation with alteration of blood glucose level. The results mentioned above are discussed.