胶原蛋白膜对人牙周膜细胞增殖能力量效分析的影响

目的:观察不同质量浓度胶原蛋白膜对人牙周膜细胞增殖能力的影响,寻求牙周组织工程中胶原蛋白膜载体的最佳浓度。方法:实验于2006-02/11在辽宁医学院实验中心完成。实验材料:选取因正畸需要拔除的新鲜第一前磨牙,患者知情同意并自愿捐献。实验分组:通过热烘干法制备胶原蛋白膜(胶原质量浓度分别为3,6,9g/L)。将细胞浓度为5×107L-1的第3～8代的人牙周膜细胞接种到3,6,9g/L胶原蛋白膜上,每种薄膜设立3个样本。分别将负载细胞的薄膜移至24孔板中,对照组为细胞直接接种于24孔板中。实验评估:①复合培养第7天对人牙周膜细胞进行细胞记数。②利用扫描电镜观察人牙周膜细胞在胶原蛋白膜上的生长情况。结果:①复合培养第7天人牙周膜细胞记数:随着培养时间的增长,3,6,9g/L胶原蛋白膜上的细胞数量逐渐增加[分别为(3.63±0.59)×104,(3.92±0.10)×104,(4.26±0.24)×104个],9g/L胶原蛋白膜上的细胞生长最旺盛,均高于对照组(2.51±0.11)×104个,4组之间比较差异均有显著性意义(t=3.263,17.099,11.611,P<0.05)。②扫描电镜下人牙周膜细胞在胶原蛋白膜上的生长情况:复合培养1周,胶原蛋白膜具有较好的多孔状结构;人牙周膜细胞伸出多个伪足样突起,紧密贴附在材料表面,细胞沿材料的孔隙边缘生长。结论:9g/L胶原蛋白膜最适合人牙周膜细胞生长增殖。     

The Relationship Between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Menstrual Disorders at Different Ages of Menarche and Sex Hormones

Objective

The present research aimed to study the relationship between body mass index and menstrual disorders at different ages of menarche and sex hormones.

IFN-γ: Regulation of Nitric Oxide in the P. aeruginosa-Infected Cornea

Purpose: BALB/c mice are resistant to Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) keratitis and bacterial killing/stasis requires nitric oxide (NO). NO regulation in the cornea is unknown and was tested in this model. Methods: Nitrite detection, IFN-γ-knockout mice, TNF-α neutralization, ELISA, aminoguanidine (AG) treatment, MPO, and plate counts were done. Results: Evidence shows (i) without IFN-γ, nitrite levels are elevated, (ii) neutralization of TNF-α does not change nitrite levels, and (iii) absence of IFN-γ and reduced NO synergistically increases disease progress and upregulates pro-inflammatory cytokines, PMN number, and bacterial load. Conclusion: IFN-γ regulates NO levels, and synergistic interaction between the two regulates disease outcome in resistant mice.     

Mitochondrial DNA and anti-mitochondrial antibodies in serum of autistic children

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by difficulties in communication, cognitive and learning deficits, as well as stereotypic behaviors. For the majority of cases there are no reliable biomarkers or distinct pathogenesis. However, increasing evidence indicates ASD may be associated with some immune dysregulation, and may have a neuroimmune component. We recently showed that the peptide neurotensin (NT) is increased in autistic children. We now show that NT induces release of extracellular mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that could act as "autoimmune" trigger. We further show that serum from young autistic patients contains mtDNA (n = 20; cytochrome B, p = 0.0002 and 7S, p = 0.006), and anti-mitochondrial antibody Type 2 (n = 14; p = 0.001) as compared to normally developing, unrelated controls (n = 12). Extracellular blood mtDNA and other components may characterize an autistic endophenotype and may contribute to its pathogenesis by activating autoimmune responses.     

The beneficial effects of olibanum on memory deficit induced by hypothyroidism in adult rats tested in Morris water maze

Functional consequences of hypothyroidism include impaired learning and memory and inability to produce long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampus. Olibanum has been used for variety of therapeutic purposes. In traditional medicine, oilbanum is used to enhance learning and memory. In the present study the effect of olibanum on memory deficit in hypothyroid rats was investigated. Male wistar rats were divided into four groups and treated for 180 days. Group 1 received tap drinking water while in group 2, 0.03% methimazol was added to drinking water. Group 3 and 4 were treated with 0.03% methimazole as well as 100 and 500 mg/kg olibanum respectively. The animals were tested in Morris water maze. The swimming speed was significantly lower and the distance and time latency were higher in group 2 compared with group 1. In groups 3 and 4 the swimming speed was significantly higher while, the length of the swim path and time latency were significantly lower in comparison with group 2. It is concluded that methimazole-induced hypothyroidism impairs learning and memory in adult rats which could be prevented by using olibanum.     

Management of open olecranon fractures using clamp-cum-compressor device

Background:

Open fractures of olecranon are not a rare occurrence in patients with road traffic accidents particularly motor bike riders who don''t use elbow guards. Definitive treatment has to be delayed in many till the wound heals. The present study was conducted to evaluate the results of open fractures of olecranon using clamp-cum-compressor device.

Materials and Methods:

Seventeen patients between the ages of 20 and 45 years of open olecranon fractures reported 5-20 days after injury were treated using an indigenous clamp-cum-compressor. All fractures were Mayo type II-A, i.e., displaced, stable and noncomminuted. Four patients had Gustilo-Anderson grade I and 13 had Gustilo-Anderson grade II open fractures. The patients with transverse or short oblique fractures were included in the study. The apparatus was applied under regional anesthesia after thorough washing and debridement of wounds with few loose sutures applied wherever needed. The wounds healed within 2-4 weeks and fractures united within 8-10 weeks. The elbow was mobilized with apparatus still in place. The results were evaluated by MayoElbow performance score.

Results:

We achieved excellent results in twelve patients, good in four and poor in one patient, who reported late, hooks of the apparatus were cut through the proximal fragment, leading to union of fracture in elongation and restricted elbow movements.

Conclusion:

The apparatus was found to be quite useful in transverse and short oblique fractures with contamination or infection, where internal fixation has to be delayed or avoided.     

A study of the effect of nasal modes of ventilation on the incidence of gastro-oesophageal reflux in preterm neonates

Background

Nasal modes of respiratory support cause variable amounts of gastric dilatation which may increase gastro-oesophageal reflux (GER) in preterms. To compare the incidence of GER in nasally ventilated, preterm babies with controls (babies not on ventilation). Type of study: A prospective, observational comparative study.

Method

Twenty-three preterm babies of gestational age 28–36 weeks and weight ranging between 1,000 g and < 2,500 g on either nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) or nasal intermittent positive pressure venti-lation (nIPPV) were assessed for GER. They were compared with controls not on ventilation some of who were test babies when off ventilation (subgroup A) and some were unrelated babies not on ventilator but matched for gestational age and weight with test babies (subgroup B). All babies were subjected to continuous, oesophageal pH monitoring with dual sensor (upper and lower oesophageal) catheters. Reflux index (RI) was calculated as the percentage of study time the lower oesophageal pH was < 4. Primary outcome was the RI in the test and controls groups. Secondary outcome was the temporal relation of the reflux with symptoms if any. Numerical data were shown as mean with standard deviation and statistical comparisons were done using the χ²-test, Fischer test, and t-test wherever applicable.

Results

The RI was higher in ventilated babies as compared to the control group, particularly in the subgroup A, where test babies formed their own controls. Grade IV reflux (7 cases) was seen only in the ventilated babies. There was no difference in the incidence of GER in babies on nCPAP as compared with nIPPV. Grade IV reflux could not be reliably predicted by RI alone. No definite temporal relation between episodes of reflux and symptoms could be determined in this study.

Conclusion

There is an increase in GER in preterms on nasal modes of ventilation. A combination of upper (pharyngeal) and lower oesophageal sensors are preferred to a single lower oesophageal sensor when assessing GER by oesophageal pHmetry in neonates.