电刺激迷走神经对内毒素休克大鼠血压的影响

目的研究电刺激迷走神经对内毒素(LPS)休克大鼠血压的影响. 方法 4组雄性Wistar大鼠,切断大鼠双侧颈部迷走神经干或做假手术对照,将左侧迷走神经干远端连接刺激电极,于静脉滴注LPS(10mg*kg-1)即刻持续电刺激(5V、2ms、1Hz),同时监测平均动脉压(MABP),并于静脉滴注LPS后1 h检测各组血TNF-α及皮质醇水平. 结果迷走神经电刺激能缓解LPS引起的低血压休克,同时使血TNF-α水平较LPS组显著降低(105.39±21.52) pg/ml,较(129.80±26.56) pg/ml,P<0.05;迷走神经切断能加快LPS休克的产生,使MABP下降50%的时间提前(9.65±0.53) min比(25.72±3.07) min,P<0.05,且使血TNF-α水平显著上升(159.07±21.94) pg/ml比(129.80±26.56) pg/ml,P<0.01,血皮质醇水平显著下降(34.89±3.14) ng/ml比(42.83±2.88) ng/ml,P<0.01. 结论电刺激迷走神经可以改善LPS休克大鼠的低血压,而切断迷走神经可使休克症状加重,这种现象与迷走神经影响体内炎症介质的合成与皮质激素的分泌有关.     

Analysis of COVID-19-associated rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis patients in a tertiary care center in Northern India

Purpose:An unprecedented surge has been noted in rhino-orbital-Cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) in times of current COVID-19 pandemic. The present prospective study aims to evaluate clinico-epidemiological profile, risk factors, management, and outcome of the cases of ROCM that presented to our tertiary care center during the study period from April to June 2021.Methods:All patients were subjected to complete history taking, ophthalmological examination, and imaging studies. The patients were staged and were treated with intravenous liposomal amphotericin B (AMB) and sino-nasal debridement of local necrotic tissue. Transcutaneous retrobulbar AMB (TRAMB), orbital decompression, and exenteration were instituted as indicated. All patients were followed up for a minimum of 6 months before arriving at the final outcome. Statistical analysis was performed.Results:A total of 49 patients presented during the study period, with a mean age of 42.2 years. The major risk factors included uncontrolled diabetes (89.8%), COVID-19 positivity (51.02%), and concurrent steroid use (38.77%). The most common presenting symptom was facial pain/swelling (43.65%), while the most common presenting sign was deterioration in vision (75.51%). Intravenous liposomal AMB was given to all patients along with sino-nasal debridement (85.71%), TRAMB (57.14%), orbital decompression (14.28%), and exenteration (12.24%). Overall, mortality at 6 months was 22.45% (11 patients). Age more than 60 years, intracranial extension, and HbA1c of more than 8.0% were observed to be statistically significant indicators of mortality.Conclusion:Early suspicion and timely diagnosis of mucormycosis at rhino-orbital stage is warranted in order to salvage life as well as visual function. TRAMB may prove as potentially favorable treatment modality in cases with limited orbital involvement.     

阳春砂仁根内生真菌解磷功能评价及分类学鉴定

目的对产自于云南的阳春砂仁根内生真菌进行分离、纯培养、解磷功能评价及分类学鉴定。方法通过PDA和MEA培养基分离砂仁根内生真菌,并纯化培养;利用无机磷源Pikovaskaia’s(PVK)固体和液体培养基筛选具有解磷功能的内生真菌,并通过生长圈直径、生物量、有效磷含量、pH值、磷酸酶活性来分析菌株解磷能力和解磷机制;通过核糖体18SPCR扩增,对具有解磷效果的菌株进行分子鉴定。结果研究发现,分离自阳春砂仁根部的24株内生真菌,有10株为深色有隔内生真菌(dark septate endophytes,DSE)。通过难溶性PVK固体培养基筛选发现,共有8株菌可形成解磷生长圈,其中JP-20和JP-23生长直径均大于9 cm,其次为JP-15,生长圈直径为6.06 cm;PVK液体培养基筛选结果显示,菌株JP-23具有较强的解磷效果,生物量显著高于可溶性磷源,液体基质中有效磷含量显著升高,pH明显下降,酸性磷酸酶活性增加。经分子鉴定,初步认定菌株JP-23为枝孢属Cladosporiumsp.菌株(GenBank:MK629004)。结论菌株JP-23可通过调节基质pH值和分泌酸性磷酸酶来分解、吸收难溶性磷源。为研究植物-微生物磷吸收作用机制及砂仁生态种植提供数据支持和理论依据。     

槲皮素对脂多糖刺激巨噬细胞炎症因子释放的影响

目的 观察槲皮素对脂多糖(LPS)刺激巨噬细胞炎症因子释放的影响.方法 采用四甲基偶氮唑盐微量酶反应比色(MTT)法测定不同浓度槲皮素对RAW264.7细胞活性的影响.将细胞分为五组:A组(对照组)、B组(LPS干预组)、C组(LPS+槲皮素50 μmol/L)、D组(LPS+槲皮素150 μmol/L)和E组(LPS+槲皮素250μmol/L).real-time测定各组细胞Toll样受体4(TLR4)、髓样分化因子88(Myd88)、NF-κB (p65) mRNA的表达;酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)测定各组细胞上清液白细胞介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)分泌水平.结果 槲皮素在0～250 μmol/L浓度范围内对RAW264.7细胞活性没有影响.同对照组相比,槲皮素可有效降低LPS引起的TLR4、MyD88、NF-κB (p65)的mRNA表达和细胞上清液中IL-6、TNF-α分泌水平,并呈剂量依赖性(P＜0.01).结论 槲皮素可能通过抑制TLR-Myd88-NF-κB传导通路的活化,减少巨噬细胞炎症因子的分泌.     

pH对甘草次酸经皮渗透性的影响

目的考察介质的pH对甘草次酸经皮渗透性的影响。方法采用HPLC法测定甘草次酸在不同pH介质中的饱和溶解度,采用摇瓶法测定其在不同pH正辛醇/PBS缓冲液中的表观油水分配系数,采用体外Franz扩散池法考察不同pH的甘草次酸饱和溶液在离体小鼠皮上的经皮渗透性。结果 pH5.0～10.8时,甘草次酸饱和溶液的稳态透皮速率随pH升高而增大,而表观渗透系数随pH升高而减小。结论甘草次酸在介质中饱和时,可通过调节pH来改善甘草次酸的稳态透皮速率。     

疏肝解郁法治疗帕金森病后抑郁探析

帕金森病是一种常见的中老年神经系统退行性疾病,其非运动症状日益受到重视。抑郁是帕金森病患者常见的非运动症状之一,是导致患者生活质量严重下降的重要因素。笔者认为本病属于"颤证"与"郁证"范畴,属于因病致郁,临床所见多以肝气郁结型为主,本文通过分析帕金森病后抑郁的病因病机,阐述应用疏肝解郁法治疗帕金森后抑郁的理论基础。