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61.
Spondylolysis studied with computed tomography 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
62.
A case of dog bite where prompt immunization with antirabies vaccine alone proved inadequate in prevention of fatal rabies is reported to emphasize upon the need of concomitant passive immunization with either human rabies immune globulin or equine antiserum.KEY WORDS: Rabies, Active immunization, Passive immunization 相似文献
63.
Dose-dependent localization of TCDD in isolated centrilobular and periportal hepatocytes 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
Santostefano MJ; Richardson VM; Walker NJ; Blanton J; Lindros KO; Lucier GW; Alcasey SK; Birnbaum LS 《Toxicological sciences》1999,52(1):9-19
Dose-response relationships for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)
suggest a differential sensitivity of liver cell types to the induction of
cytochrome P450 gene expression, and that the induction of hepatic protein
CYP1A2 causes sequestration of TCDD. In addition, immunolocalization of
hepatic CYP1A1/1B1/1A2 proteins is not uniform after exposure to TCDD. The
mechanism for the regio-specific induction of hepatic P450s by TCDD is
unknown, but may involve the differential distribution of participants in
the AhR-mediated pathway and/or regional P450 isozymes, as well as,
non-uniform distribution/sequestration of TCDD. Therefore, this study
examined the effects of TCDD in unfractionated, centrilobular and
periportal hepatocytes isolated from female Sprague-Dawley rats acutely
exposed (3 days) to a single oral dose of 0.01-10.0 microg [3H]TCDD/kg. A
dose- dependent increase in concentration of TCDD was accompanied by a
dose- dependent increase in CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP1B1 mRNA expression and
associated enzymes in all liver-cell populations. Centrilobular hepatocytes
showed a 2.7- to 4.5-fold higher concentration of TCDD as compared to the
periportal hepatocytes at doses up to 0.3 microg TCDD/kg. Centrilobular
hepatocytes also exhibited an elevated MROD activity as compared to the
periportal hepatocytes at doses up to 0.3 microg TCDD/kg. Furthermore,
centrilobular hepatocytes showed an elevated concentration of induced
CYP1A2 and CYP1B1 mRNA as compared to periportal hepatocytes within the
0.01- and 0.3-microg TCDD/kg- treatment groups. This is the first study to
demonstrate that a dose- dependent difference in distribution of TCDD
exists between centrilobular and periportal cells that might be related to
regional differences in P450 induction.
相似文献
64.
Wayne S; Der Kaloustian VM; Schloss M; Polomeno R; Scott DA; Hejtmancik JF; Sheffield VC; Smith RJ 《Human molecular genetics》1996,5(10):1689-1692
The Usher syndromes (USH) are a group of autosomal recessive diseases
characterized by progressive pigmentary retinopathy and sensorineural
hearing loss. Five USH genes have been mapped and at least one additional
gene is known to exist. By homozygosity mapping in a consanguineous family,
a sixth USH gene has been localized. Clinical findings in the four affected
children are consistent with established diagnostic criteria for Ush1.
Linkage to known USH loci was excluded, and using two genomic DNA pools,
one from the affected children and the other from the parents, 161
polymorphic markers evenly spaced across the autosomal human genome were
screened. The location of the Ush1D gene was defined by the only region
showing homozygosity by descent in the affected siblings, a 15 cM interval
on chromosome 10q bounded by D10S529 and D10S573.
相似文献
65.
66.
G Girardi D Yarilin JM Thurman VM Holers JE Salmon 《American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)》2006,55(6):396-397
Complement is an important effector in pregnancy loss in the antiphospholipid syndrome. We now test the hypothesis that complement activation is a necessary intermediary event in the pathogenesis of recurrent spontaneous miscarriage in DBA/2-mated female CBA/J mice (CBAxDBA), a well-studied model of autoantibody-independent pregnancy failure. Blockade of C3 activation with Crry-Ig completely rescued pregnancies in CBAxDBA mice (Crry-Ig vs untreated 8.5 ± 6.3% fetal resorptions vs 28.0 ± 7.2%, P < 0.01). Inhibition of C5 cleavage with anti-C5 mAb and blockade of C5a receptors with a peptide antagonist also prevented pregnancy loss (8.6 ± 4.4% and 8.0 ± 5.9% resorptions, respectively, P < 0.01 versus control). Inhibition of the alternative pathway resulted in pregnancy outcomes similar to controls (8.4 ± 6.6% versus 9.2 ± 3.2% resorptions). In CBAxDBA matings, we observed elevated plasma levels of soluble VEGF receptor-1 (sVEGFR-1; a potent anti-angiogenic molecule), increased placental inflammatory infiltrates and defective development of placenta. Our complement inhibitory strategies blocked the increase in sVEGFR-1, prevented functional deficiency of VEGF and rescued pregnancies. We confirmed the importance of complement as a proximal effector in in vitro studies; monocytes stimulated with C5a released sVEGFR-1 which sequesters VEGF required for normal placental development. Our data indicate that complement activation leads to recruitment of inflammatory cells and production of inhibitors of angiogenesis (sVEGFR-1) which cause placental dysfunction and fetal injury. These studies identify key innate immune effectors that mediate poor pregnancy outcomes and provide novel and important targets for prevention of recurrent pregnancy loss in patients. 相似文献
67.
Effect on platelet properties of exposure to temperatures below 20 degrees C for short periods during storage at 20 to 24 degrees C 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Background : When platelet concentrates (PCs) are shipped over long distances, it is not always possible to ensure that their temperature is maintained at 20 to 24°C. In addition, PCs are not agitated as during routine storage. Study Design and Methods : Studies have been conducted to evaluate how exposure to temperatures below 20°C in the absence of agitation influences properties of platelets. In initial studies, exposure to 4°C for 3 or 5 hours or to 12°C for 5 or 17 hours on Day 2 of a 5- to 6-day storage period was associated with a loss of discoid shape. This was reflected by slightly lower but statistically different morphology scores after storage compared to those observed with control platelets that were stored only at 20 to 24°C. In addition, a qualitative difference in morphology was noted in controls and PCs held at 16°C for 17 hours. In more detailed studies, both the in vivo viability and in vitro properties of platelets exposed between Day 1 and Day 2 to either 12°C or 16°C for 17 hours were evaluated. The protocol involved a paired study design (n = 4 for each exposure temperature) with the simultaneous storage of two identical PCs, one exposed to 12 or 16°C and the other one maintained at 20 to 24°C throughout the 5-day storage. Results : Exposure to 12°C significantly reduced (p < 0.05 by paired t test) the in vivo recovery to 37.6 ± 13.8 percent (mean ± 1 SD) from 47.8 ± 11.5 percent and the survival time to 2.0 ± 0.3 days from 6.5 ± 1.4 days. On exposure to 16°C, the differences in viability from those of control units were much less but still significant. The in vivo recovery was 42.7 ± 3.8 percent compared to 49.2 ± 3.0 percent and the survival time was 3.5 ± 1.2 days compared to 6.6 ± 0.3 days. The loss of in vivo viability of the test platelets was associated with a loss of discoid shape, as reflected by morphology scores, extent of shape change, and mean platelet volume. In addition, platelet metabolism also appeared to be affected, as suggested by increased lactate production. All of the in vitro properties except for total ATP and residual glucose that were statistically different from those of controls on exposure to 12°C were also significantly different on exposure to 16°C. Conclusion : These findings demonstrate that platelets undergo substantial changes in in vivo viability and in vitro properties when they are exposed to temperatures below 20°C for short periods. 相似文献
68.
Haughton VM; Rimm AA; Sobocinski KA; Papke RA; Daniels DL; Williams AL; Lynch R; Levine R 《Radiology》1986,160(3):751-755
The sensitivity and specificity of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and computed tomography (CT) were compared in blinded readings of images of a consecutive series of patients with subsequently proved diagnoses. Overall, MR imaging was less sensitive than CT because of its lower sensitivity in detecting benign tumors. With a similar experimental protocol, the effects of technical refinements or contrast media on the sensitivity of MR imaging can be determined. 相似文献
69.
One hundred fifty-four patients with stenosis of the iliac artery underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). These patients were followed for 1-7 years. The long-term results of the PTAs were analyzed by computer, and life tables were generated for dilatations of the iliac arteries with unimpaired flow and for those with an obstruction in the outflow tract. The accumulative 7-year patency rate was 90%, which agrees with other reports. This study demonstrates that the long-term results of PTA of iliac arterial stenoses are competitive with reconstructive vascular surgery. PTA should be the treatment of choice in patients with iliac arterial stenoses. 相似文献
70.