巨大下颌骨囊性病变分期治疗效果评价

目的:探讨对巨大下颌骨囊性病变进行分期治疗的效果。方法:选择2005—2009年在本院收治的下颌骨范围大于5cm的囊性病变18例,其中伴牙列不齐者6例,一期局麻下行减压术,待范围减小至小于原来的1/2后,行二期全麻下囊性病变摘除术,即刻Bio-oss骨粉植入,术后每月定期拍摄口腔全景片观察骨密度变化,伴牙列不齐的6例患者手术后2个月开始以常规正畸加力牵引。结果:一期术后4~6个月,病变减小至原来的1/2左右,二期术后6~12个月,骨粉与周围正常骨密度基本一致,2~3a后无一例复发。6例牙列不齐的患者,经1~2a正畸治疗后,错畸形得以矫正。结论:分期治疗既彻底摘除了病变,又保存了下颌骨的连续性及自体牙,还可同时结合正畸治疗,改善错畸形,提高美学效果。     

An Evaluation of Adult Electrogastrography Criteria in Healthy Children

The current study examined whether electrogastrogram (EGG) recordings obtained from healthy children would be considered normal by standards established for adults and whether EGG patterns differ between children/adolescents and adults. Twenty-eight healthy children (54% females; ages 8–17 years; mean = 12.4 years) were evaluated and compared to 15 healthy adults evaluated previously. EGGs were recorded for 30 min in the fasting state and for 1 hr following a standard meal. For both pediatric and adult participants, there was a significant increase in both the dominant frequency and the dominant power from the pre- to the postprandial period (P < 0.001 for each). Using adult standards, the percentage normal slow waves was ≥70% of the recording time in 96% of children in the fasting state and in 100% in the postprandial period. A postprandial power increase was seen in 89% of the children. In conclusion, our data indicate that American Motility Society (AMS) consensus adult criteria for a normal EGG are appropriate to apply to children and adolescents when utilizing methodology and meal challenge similar to those used to establish the adult norms.     

Hereditary angioneurotic oedema: characterization of plasma kinin and vascular permeability-enhancing activities.

The mediator(s) responsible for localized enhanced vascular permeability that characterizes an exacerbation of hereditary angioneurotic oedema (HAE) is thought to be a product of either contact or complement system activation. In contrast to normal individuals, plasma from these patients generates both kinin and vascular permeability-enhancing activity following incubation at 37 degrees C. Depletion of C1 inhibitor in both normal and C2-deficient plasma, but not in contact factor-deficient plasmas, resulted in generation of these activities. The kinin activity from incubated HAE plasma was susceptible to kininase inactivation and was blocked by a Bk2 receptor antagonist. Furthermore, this activity was isolated from HAE plasma; amino acid sequence analysis proved it to be bradykinin. Similarly, the vasopermeability-enhancing activity from ethanol-fractionated or boiled HAE plasma, collected during either attack or remission, co-eluted with bradykinin on reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). These studies conclusively demonstrate that bradykinin is the major kinin and mediator of enhanced vascular permeability generated during incubation of HAE plasma. The role of other bioactive products, such as the C2 kinin, at local sites of oedema formation remains to be further defined.     

小鼠角膜移植排斥反应中植片浸润细胞类型及引流淋巴结细胞表型的变化

目的：探讨小鼠角膜移植排斥反应中植片浸润细胞类型及引流淋巴结细胞表型的变化。 方法：建立小鼠角膜移植模型,术后不同时间点进行临床观察及角膜免疫荧光组织化学染色。采用三色流式细胞术分析移植术后3d颌下淋巴结（SMLN）、颈浅淋巴结（SCLN）的细胞表型变化。 结果：角膜移植术后6h,中性粒细胞、树突状细胞、巨噬细胞开始聚集并逐渐浸润植片;24hCD4^＋T和CD8^＋T细胞出现并侵入植片,2wk时达到高峰;术后12～21d所有植片均被排斥。移植后3dSMLN内CD4^＋T细胞比例较正常时明显下降（P=0.038）,而SCLN各细胞比例无明显变化。 结论：角膜移植术后植片迅速出现髓系及淋巴细胞浸润,伴有引流的SM LN内早期CD4^＋T细胞比例下降,二者间有一定关联。     

Making the “new American workplace” safe and healthy: A joint labor-management-researcher approach

The American workplace is now in the midst of the most significant change since the advent of mass production. Whether these changes will lead to improvements in worker health and safety is not clear. This paper describes an approach to intervention and research—participatory action research (PAR)—that has the potential to redesign work organizations to improve performance while also improving health and safety. In the PAR method, researchers, managers, workers, and unions collaborate in a process of data-guided problem solving intended both to improve the system's performance and to contribute to general scientific knowledge. A case study example illustrates the use of a PAR approach in an automobile parts facility where labor, management, and researchers jointly conducted a longitudinal project aimed at reducing the major sources of stress and enhancing employee well-being. Results from the 6 year project suggest that, properly implemented, PAR has the potential to both lead to improved intervention and contribute to theoretical advances in occupational safety and health. The PAR approach to intervention research is contrasted with the total quality approach (TQA), and some suggestions are made for improving PAR research designs. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Evaluation of clinical outcomes in an interdisciplinary abdominal pain clinic: A retrospective,exploratory review

BACKGROUND Pediatric functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGIDs)are common and wellaccepted to be etiologically complex in terms of the contribution of biological,psychological,and social factors to symptom presentations.Nonetheless,despite its documented benefits,interdisciplinary treatment,designed to address all of these factors,for pediatric FGIDs remains rare.The current study hypothesized that the majority of pediatric patients seen in an interdisciplinary abdominal pain clinic(APC)would demonstrate clinical resolution of symptoms during the study period and that specific psychosocial variables would be significantly predictive of GI symptom improvement.AIM To evaluate outcomes with interdisciplinary treatment in pediatric patients with pain-related FGIDs and identify patient characteristics that predicted clinical outcomes.METHODS Participants were 392 children,ages 8-18[M=13.8;standard deviation(SD)=2.7],seen between August 1,2013 and June 15,2016 in an interdisciplinary APC housed within the Division of Gastroenterology in a medium-sized Midwestern children's hospital.To be eligible,patients had to be 8 years of age or older and have had abdominal pain for≥8 wk at the time of initial evaluation.Medical and psychosocial data collected as part of standard of care were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed in the context of the observational study.Logistic regression was used to model odds of reporting vs never reporting improvement,as well as to differentiate rapid from slower improvers.RESULTS Nearly 70%of patients followed during the study period achieved resolution on at least one of the employed outcome indices.Among those who achieved resolution during follow up,43%to 49%did so by the first follow up(i.e.,within roughly 2 mo after initial evaluation and initiation of interdisciplinary treatment).Patient age,sleep,ease of relaxation,and depression all significantly predicted the likelihood of resolution.More specifically,the odds of clinical resolution were 14%to 16%lower per additional year of patient age(P<0.001 to P=0.016).The odds of resolution were 28%to 42%lower per 1-standard deviation(SD)increase on a pediatric sleep measure(P=0.006 to P<0.040).Additionally,odds of clinical resolution were 58%lower per 1-SD increase on parent-reported measure of depression(P=0.006),and doubled in cases where parents agreed that their children found it easy to relax(P=0.045).Furthermore,sleep predicted the rapidity of clinical resolution;that is,the odds of achieving resolution by the first follow up visit were 47%to 60%lower per 1-SD increase on the pediatric sleep measure(P=0.002).CONCLUSION Outcomes for youth with FGIDs may be significantly improved by paying specific attention to sleep,ensuring adequate skills for relaxation,and screening of and referral for treatment of comorbid depression.     

前列腺癌患者调强放疗计划中不同算法计算结果分析

目的 分析前列腺癌患者调强放疗计划设计时PBC和AAA算法计算得到的剂量学参数差异。方法 对13例术后接受调强放射治疗的前列腺癌患者进行调强放疗计划设计时,分别用Eclipse Version 8.10治疗计划系统提供的PBC和AAA算法进行剂量计算并用二维电离室矩阵进行验证测量,比较两种算法获得的HI、CI、PTV_DP、PTV_mean、直肠和膀胱V₅₀等参数差异,并将二维电离室矩阵测量的剂量分布与两种算法的计算结果分别进行比较获得γ通过率、单次照射时的及DD_mean等参数差异。结果 两种算法得到的靶区HI、CI、PTV_DP、PTV_mean平均相差分别为0.003、0.004、2.2%、10 cGy,直肠和膀胱V₅₀值平均差异分别为0.3%和1.3%。γ通过率、DD_max及DD_mean平均差异分别为0.9%、1.2%(2.4 cGy)和0.85%(1.7 cGy)。两种算法所获得的剂量学参数差异不大。结论 对前列腺癌患者进行调强放疗计划设计时,PBC和AAA两种算法均可使用。