基因芯片筛选尿道下裂雌激素敏感基因的研究

目的 寻找与尿道下裂发病密切相关的基因,探讨尿道下裂形成机制.方法 ①实验组为12例尿道下裂患儿,年龄6～12个月,平均8个月.尿道下裂中度5例,重度7例.组织标本取自尿道成形手术时切取的尿道板组织.②对照组为6例年龄匹配的男性患儿,留取包皮环切时的正常表皮组织.用Tri-Reagent分别提取总RNA,与含22 000个人类基因的寡核苷酸基因芯片杂交、洗脱、染色、扫描,基因强度变化行方差分析(ANOVA,P＜0.01)和Tukey分析,基因表达强度变化＞2倍作为有意义的基因,比较尿道下裂和正常组织之间基因表达差异.从上调表达的基因中选择雌激素敏感基因行RT-PCR,标本除上述患儿RNA外,再增加年龄配对的3例中度、1例重度尿道下裂和2例年龄配对的RNA作为对照,即对照、中度和重度尿道下裂患者RNA标本各8例,验证芯片结果.结果 尿道下裂组织与正常组织之间存在明显的基因表达差异,共筛选出表达强度变化＞2倍的基因94个,其中中度尿道下裂与正常比较,47个基因上调表达(P＜0.01);重度尿道下裂与正常比较,68个基因上调表达(P＜0.001);重度与中度比较,17个基因上调表达(P＞0.05).上调表达的基因中发现了4个雌激素敏感基因CYR61、结缔组织生长因子、ATF3和GADD45β,基因芯片和RT-PCR均证实其在尿道下裂组织中的表达明显高于正常对照.结论 异常表达的基因与尿道下裂的发生有关,尿道下裂组织中雌激素敏感基因上调表达参与了尿道下裂的发病机制.     

腹横肌平面阻滞联合右美托咪定复合舒芬太尼静脉镇痛对肝部分切除术后早期康复的影响

目的评估腹横肌平面阻滞(transversus abdominis plane block,TAPB)联合舒芬太尼、右美托咪定用于肝部分切除患者术后镇痛的效果和安全性,探讨其对患者术后早期康复的影响。方法选择择期行肝部分切除术患者60例,男31例,女29例,年龄20～65岁,BMI 18～25kg/m~2,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级。采用随机数字表法分为两组,术后自愿行静脉自控镇痛,A组舒芬太尼2μg/kg;B组右美托咪定1μg/kg+舒芬太尼2μg/kg。两组均行超声引导下TAPB,给予0.375%罗哌卡因20ml。记录术后48h内VAS疼痛评分和Ramsay镇静评分,术后肠道恢复通气时间、术后进食时间、术后住院时间及并发症发生情况等。结果与A组比较,B组术后12、24h静息VAS评分及术后12、48h运动VAS评分明显降低(P0.05);B组术后首次排气时间、术后进食时间、术后住院时间明显缩短(P0.05)。两组术后Ramsay镇静评分及恶心、呕吐、低血压、心动过缓、呼吸抑制、肺部感染等发生率差异无统计学意义。结论对于行肝部分切除手术的患者,TAPB联合右美托咪定复合舒芬太尼用于术后镇痛可加速患者术后早期康复。     

Polyunsaturated:saturated ratio of diet fat influences energy substrate utilization in the human

In order to examine the effect of dietary long chain fatty acid composition on energy substrate utilization, basal metabolism rate (BMR) and the thermogenic effect of food (TEF) were measured in eight subjects consuming diets varying only in diet fat polyunsaturated:saturated (P:S) ratio. Subjects consumed the low P:S (0.241 +/- 0.02) and high P:S (1.65 +/- 0.28) ratio diets for seven days using a crossover design. Fat and carbohydrate oxidation during BMT and TEF over 230 minutes after a breakfast meal were determined on days 1 and 7 of each diet period using open circuit respiratory gas exchange. On day 7, BMR respiratory quotient was reduced (P less than .05) for the low P:S (0.826 +/- 0.005) compared with high P:S (0.853 +/- 0.014) ratio diet, resulting in an increased basal fat oxidation rate with low P:S (0.074 +/- 0.006 g/min) compared with high P:S (0.059 +/- 0.008 g/min) ratio diet feeding. The cumulative contribution of fat oxidation to TEF on day 7 was lower (P less than .01) for the low P:S (1.35 +/- 1.6 g) compared with high P:S (6.49 +/- 0.8 g) ratio diets. This was paralleled by opposite differences (P less than .05) in the contribution of carbohydrate oxidation to TEF (21.0 +/- 3.0 g and 13.1 +/- 3.4 g, respectively, for each diet treatment). On day 1 in subjects switching from either home and alternate test diets, and on day 7, caloric expenditure of TEF after low P:S was not statistically lower compared to the high P:S ratio diet.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

大黄抑制鼠疫耶尔森菌的基因芯片检测

目的 研究基因组芯片检测大黄抑制鼠疫耶尔森菌分子机制的方法 .方法 使用的鼠疫耶尔森菌全基因组芯片包含4005条鼠疫耶尔森菌基囚.应用液体稀释法测定大黄对鼠疫耶尔森菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC),基因芯片表达谱实验中,大黄作用鼠疫耶尔森菌的浓度为10×MIC,作用时间为30 min,提取并纯化鼠疫耶尔森菌总RNA,反转录合成cDNA,用Cy3,Cy5染料标记后,与鼠疫耶尔森菌全基因组芯片杂交,通过芯片扫描仪获得表达谱分析结果 .应用实时定量PCR技术对芯片结果 进行验证.结果 大黄对鼠疫耶尔森菌的MIC为0.02500 kg/L.获得了大黄作用鼠疫耶尔森菌的基因芯片表达谱.大黄作用鼠疫菌的明显差异表达基凶共有498个,上渊基闪358个,下凋基因140个.结论 应用鼠疫耶尔森菌全基因组DNA芯片可以进行大黄抑制鼠疫耶尔森菌的分子作用机制研究.     

Ageing appearance in China: biophysical profile of facial skin and its relationship to perceived age

Background Perceived age is important to women and is a primary driver for topical product use and facial cosmetic surgery. Changes in facial features and biophysical skin parameters with chronological age and their associations with perceived age have not been described in Asian populations. Objective To investigate the relationship between biophysical properties of the skin, visual features of skin ageing and perceived facial age in Chinese women. Methods Facial photographs were collected of 250 Chinese women, aged 25–70 years in Shanghai, China. The perceived facial age was determined and related to the chronological age for each participant and to a range of visual assessments of skin appearance and objective biophysical measurements of the skin. The profile of changes in these parameters with age was investigated together with the differences in those parameters for women judged to look younger than their chronological age and those judged to look older than their chronological age. Results Large discrepancies in perceived age (up to 29 years) were found in women of the same chronological age. Each objective skin measure and visual assessment parameter had a stronger correlation with perceived age than with chronological age. The strongest relationships to perceived age were for wrinkles and hyperpigmentation. Skin colour, hydration and trans‐epidermal water loss (TEWL) had weaker associations with perceived age. Women judged to look older than their chronological age had significantly higher scores than those judged to look younger for coarse wrinkles and hyperpigmentation across all age groups. The appearance differences between these groups were evident in composite facial images of the same average chronological age. Conclusions We have identified the skin attributes which differ with perceived age in Chinese women. Perceived age is a better measure of the biological age of facial skin than is chronological age in this population.     

Molar incisor hypomineralization: prevalence,severity and clinical consequences in Brazilian children

International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 2010; 20: 426–434 Background. The prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) varies considerably around the world; however, few studies have examined MIH in South American countries. Objective. To evaluate the prevalence, severity, and clinical consequences of MIH in Brazilian children residing in rural and urban areas of the municipality of Botelhos, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods. Children aged 6 to 12 years (n = 918) with all four‐first permanent molars erupted had these teeth evaluated according to the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) criteria. The examinations were conducted by two previously trained examiners, and the dental impact caused by MIH was evaluated with the Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index (WHO). Results. Molar incisor hypomineralization was present in 19.8% of the 918 children, with a higher prevalence in rural areas. The majority of the defects presented were demarcated opacities without post‐eruptive structural loss, which has been considered as mild defects. Children with MIH had higher DMFT values. Conclusion. Despite the high prevalence of MIH, the severity of the defects was mild. The results indicate a positive association between MIH and the presence of dental caries.