全文获取类型
收费全文 | 21144篇 |
免费 | 1081篇 |
国内免费 | 150篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 222篇 |
儿科学 | 453篇 |
妇产科学 | 196篇 |
基础医学 | 2365篇 |
口腔科学 | 372篇 |
临床医学 | 1490篇 |
内科学 | 5980篇 |
皮肤病学 | 438篇 |
神经病学 | 1617篇 |
特种医学 | 804篇 |
外科学 | 3914篇 |
综合类 | 50篇 |
预防医学 | 520篇 |
眼科学 | 394篇 |
药学 | 1127篇 |
中国医学 | 51篇 |
肿瘤学 | 2382篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 31篇 |
2023年 | 196篇 |
2022年 | 396篇 |
2021年 | 698篇 |
2020年 | 375篇 |
2019年 | 471篇 |
2018年 | 625篇 |
2017年 | 426篇 |
2016年 | 582篇 |
2015年 | 545篇 |
2014年 | 770篇 |
2013年 | 878篇 |
2012年 | 1403篇 |
2011年 | 1640篇 |
2010年 | 909篇 |
2009年 | 807篇 |
2008年 | 1327篇 |
2007年 | 1369篇 |
2006年 | 1346篇 |
2005年 | 1394篇 |
2004年 | 1431篇 |
2003年 | 1285篇 |
2002年 | 1177篇 |
2001年 | 197篇 |
2000年 | 179篇 |
1999年 | 210篇 |
1998年 | 245篇 |
1997年 | 226篇 |
1996年 | 159篇 |
1995年 | 141篇 |
1994年 | 152篇 |
1993年 | 108篇 |
1992年 | 101篇 |
1991年 | 75篇 |
1990年 | 64篇 |
1989年 | 51篇 |
1988年 | 49篇 |
1987年 | 57篇 |
1986年 | 40篇 |
1985年 | 25篇 |
1984年 | 31篇 |
1983年 | 19篇 |
1982年 | 25篇 |
1981年 | 18篇 |
1980年 | 16篇 |
1979年 | 11篇 |
1978年 | 13篇 |
1975年 | 16篇 |
1974年 | 13篇 |
1972年 | 9篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
131.
Effect of CYP2D6 genotypes on the metabolism of haloperidol in a Japanese psychiatric population. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Toshiyuki Someya Kazutaka Shimoda Yutaro Suzuki Satoshi Sato Yoshiaki Kawashima Genta Hirokane Sachiyo Morita Aya Yokono Saburo Takahashi 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2003,28(8):1501-1505
We investigated the effect of CYP2D6 genotypes on plasma levels of haloperidol (HAL) and reduced haloperidol (RHAL) in 88 Japanese schizophrenic inpatients being treated with HAL. Some subjects carrying CYP2D6*5 allele (CYP2D6*1/CYP2D6*5, CYP2D6*5/CYP2D6*10) showed extremely high concentrations of both HAL and RHAL, and the groups with CYP2D6*5 allele seemed to have higher plasma concentrations of HAL (1.14+/-0.69 ng/ml/mg) and RHAL (1.10+/-1.05 ng/ml/mg) than the other groups. Among those without CYP2D6*5 allele, there were no significant differences in plasma concentrations of HAL and RHAL between those without CYP2D6*10 allele (HAL=0.68+/-0.31 ng/ml/mg, RHAL=0.28+/-0.37 ng/ml/mg), those with one CYP2D6*10 (HAL=0.70+/-0.23 ng/ml/mg, RHAL=0.31+/-0.16 ng/ml/mg) and those with two CYP2D6*10 alleles (HAL=0.69+/-0.14 ng/ml/mg, RHAL=0.40+/-0.09 ng/ml/mg), although there was a tendency of higher plasma concentration of RHAL in those with two CYP2D6*10 alleles. At a lower daily dosage of HAL (<10 mg/day), the subjects with two or one CYP2D6*10 allele(s) showed significantly higher plasma concentrations of RHAL (0.43+/-0.23 ng/ml/mg, 0.34+/-0.16 ng/ml/mg) than those without CYP2D6*10 allele (0.18+/-0.16 ng/ml/mg). The results of this study indicate that CYP2D6*10 allele plays significant but modest role in HAL metabolism in Japanese; nevertheless, we should not lump CYP2D6*10 allele with CYP2D6*5 allele because these two mutated alleles seem to have different impacts in the metabolism of HAL. 相似文献
132.
133.
Amir Onn Takeshi Isobe Wenjuan Wu Satoshi Itasaka Tomoaki Shintani Keiko Shibuya Yokoi Kenji Michael S O'reilly Isaiah J Fidler Roy S Herbst 《Clinical cancer research》2004,10(24):8613-8619
PURPOSE: The purpose is to evaluate whether inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation by PKI166, an EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, affects growth of human lung cancer implanted orthotopically into the lungs of nude mice. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Lungs of mice were injected with NCI-H358 human bronchioloalveolar cancer cells. In three experiments, groups of mice (n = 10 per group) were randomized 7 days after tumor implantation to receive one of the following treatments: i.p. paclitaxel 100 or 200 microg (4 or 8 mg/kg) once per week, oral PKI166 100 or 200 mg/kg three times per week, paclitaxel plus PKI166, or i.p. saline and oral PKI166-vehicle (control) for 5 weeks. Mice were killed 6.5 to 8 weeks after tumor implantation. The experiments were repeated with PC14PE6 human lung adenocarcinoma cells to assess effect on survival. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical analyses revealed the expression and phosphorylation of EGFR in the growing tumors. Treatment with PKI166 alone or in combination with paclitaxel diminished activation of EGFR on tumor cells, yet maximal therapeutic effect was observed in mice treated with paclitaxel alone. Activated mitogen-activated protein kinase and basic fibroblast growth factor expression were similar in all treatment groups. Survival in mice treated with the combination of paclitaxel and PKI166 was shorter than in those treated with paclitaxel alone. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that concurrent administration of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor and chemotherapy is equivalent and may indeed be inferior to chemotherapy alone, even if EGFR is functional and its phosphorylation effectively inhibited. Our data show that the interaction of EGFR-TKIs and chemotherapy is complex and suggest that other growth factors may activate the downstream signaling events. 相似文献
134.
135.
Subjective and functional results after total gastrectomy: prospective study for longterm comparison of reconstruction procedures 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Shinya Adachi Satoshi Inagawa Tsuyoshi Enomoto Eiji Shinozaki Tatsuya Oda Toru Kawamoto 《Gastric cancer》2003,6(1):0024-0029
Background:
Many reconstruction procedures have been developed in efforts to resolve patients' complaints after total gastrectomy. However,
there have been few reports of longterm comparisons between reconstruction procedures, especially with regard to the prevention
of duodenal food passage. This study was undertaken to compare the longterm subjective and functional results among Roux-en-Y
esophagojejunostomy (R-Y), R-Y with pouch (P-Y), and jejunal interposition with pouch (P-I) after total gastrectomy.
Methods:
Consecutive patients requiring curative total gastrectomy were enrolled in this prospective study by the envelope method.
Results:
Hospital stay was longer following a P-I than an R-Y or a P-Y. Over 50% of R-Y patients complained of heartburn, and 20%
of R-Y patients showed dumping syndrome throughout the postoperative period, with this rate being significantly different
from rates in the other two groups. P-Y patients complained of early satiety in the late postoperative period, while P-I patients
complained of early satiety in the early postoperative period. The nutritional index in P-I patients was higher than those
in patients with the other two procedures. Gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary dual scintigraphy (GHDS) showed that the rate
of bile reflux with an R-Y was relatively high after surgery. Food reflux with a P-Y was increased (9.4% to 11.1%), but with
a P-I food reflux was decreased at 3 years after surgery (13.3% to 9.9%). Patients with a P-Y had a faster recovery of body,
weight in the early postoperative period; however, at 5 years after operation, body weight recovery with a P-I was greatest.
Conclusion:
Reconstruction should be performed with pouch formation after total gastrectomy with curative intent.
Received: March 7, 2002 / Accepted: September 26, 2002
Acknowledgments This study was partly supported by the University of Tsukuba Research Project.
Offprint requests to: S. Adachi 相似文献
136.
Motoki Abe MD Satoshi Kondo Satoshi Hirano Yoshiyasu Ambo Eiichi Tanaka Toshiaki Morikawa Shunichi Okushiba Hiroyuki Katoh 《Journal of gastrointestinal cancer》2003,33(2-3):107-110
A 65-yr-old man who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy with portal vein resection for pancreatic cancer is alive 8 yr after surgery. Originally, computed tomography (CT) revealed an 8-cm tumor in the pancreatic head. The tumor had infiltrated the portal vein, but grew expansively, so there was neither biliary obstruction nor jaundice. Pancreaticoduodenectomy with resection of the portal vein was performed for pancreatic cancer. Many tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were seen within cancer cell nests on routine histopathology. We performed immunostaining for CD8, and found that a large number of the lymphocytes were CD8+ T cells. The patient’s prognosis was considered poor because the tumor was large and had infiltrated the portal vein. We suspect that long-term survival may be related to the response of CD8+ T cells to the cancer. 相似文献
137.
冬凌草甲素通过改变Bax/Bcl-xL表达激活caspase-3诱导A375-S2细胞凋亡 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
目的 研究冬凌草甲素诱导人黑色素瘤A375 S2细胞凋亡的作用原理。方法 形态学观察 ,DNA凝胶电泳法及WesternBlot法。结果 冬凌草甲素能明显诱导A375 S2细胞发生凋亡 ,其作用呈明显的量效关系和时间依赖性。形态学观察可见凋亡小体的形成 ,琼脂糖凝胶电泳可见凋亡典型的DNA梯带 ;caspase 3的抑制剂能阻止caspase 3的活力升高 ;免疫印迹结果显示冬凌草甲素作用A375 S2细胞 12h改变Bax与Bcl xL蛋白的表达 ;且发现caspase 3的底物PARP蛋白在 12h时被降解。结论 冬凌草甲素 (34 3μmol·L-1)诱导A375 S2细胞凋亡 ,这种作用是通过改变了Bax/Bcl xL的表达比率 ,激活caspase 3而实现的。 相似文献
138.
Therapeutic Value of Neoadjuvant Intra-arterial Chemotherapy (Cisplatin) and Irradiation for Locally Advanced Uterine Cervical Cancer 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Takafumi Toita Kaoru Sakumoto Masahiro Higashi Kazuhiko Ogawa Yasumasa Kakinohana Sanae Shinzato Hidehiko Moromizato Koji Kanazawa Satoshi Sawada 《Gynecologic oncology》1997,65(3):421-424
We analyzed long-term treatment results in 51 patients with locally advanced uterine cervical carcinoma (IIB, 4; IIIB, 43; IVA, 4) treated with neoadjuvant intra-arterial (I-A) chemotherapy (cisplatin) via the uterine artery and irradiation. Thirty patients (58.8%) developed recurrence. Twelve had pelvic recurrence alone, 8 had distant metastases alone, and 10 had both pelvic and distant failure. The 5-year cumulative pelvic control rate, absolute survival rate, and disease-free survival rate were 55.3, 47.1, and 39.4%, respectively. Eight of 51 patients (15.7%) suffered late complications. These results suggest that our neoadjuvant I-A chemotherapy prior to irradiation has limited additional value for long-term prognosis in patients with locally advanced uterine cervical carcinoma. 相似文献
139.
Kazuhiko Ogawa Takafumi Toita Yasumasa Kakinohana Keiichiro Yamaguchi Koichi Miyagi Toshihiko Kinjyo Katsumi Yamashiro Satoshi Sawada 《International journal of clinical oncology / Japan Society of Clinical Oncology》1997,2(2):67-72
Background This retrospective study analyzed the outcome in patients with intracranial germ-cell tumors to determine whether tumor response
during radiation therapy can predict achievement of primary local control with radiation therapy alone.
Methods Between 1983 and 1993, 22 patients with untreated primary intracranial germ cell tumors received a total whole brain radiation
dose of between 18 Gy and 45 Gy (mean 31.3 Gy) with or without a localized field of 10 to 36.4 Gy (mean, 22.4 Gy), or local
irradiation only (1 patient). In 10 patients with pineal tumor only, who were treated first with radiation therapy, tumor
response to radiation therapy was evaluated using computed tomography (CT) (at baseline, and approximately 20 Gy and 50 Gy).
Areas of calcification in the tumor were subtracted from total tumor volume. Follow-up time ranged from 2 to 12 years.
Results Five-year actuarial survival rates for patients with germinoma were 71%, 100% for patients with a teratoma component, and
100% for patients without histologic verification. Patients with germinomas or tumors suspected of being germinomas who were
given more than 50 Gy had no local relapse. There was no correlation between primary local control by radiation therapy alone
and initial tumor volume. The rate of tumor volume response to irradiation assesed by CT was significantly different in those
patients who relapsed compared to those who did not relapse
Conclusion Tumor response during radiation therapy using CT was considered to be predictive of primary local control with radiation therapy
alone. 相似文献
140.
Shigemi Onoue Takehito Katoh Yoshihisa Shibata Yasushi Mokuno Katsushi Yoshida Satoshi Kamiya Tetsuya Abe Kiyoshi Hiramatsu Minoru Esaki Haruhiko Chigira 《International journal of clinical oncology / Japan Society of Clinical Oncology》1997,2(2):121-124
We report a case of a long-term survivor with malignant melanoma of the anus who did not undergo radical surgery. A 71-year-old
woman who presented with anal bleeding and anal tumor underwent an excisional biopsy in September 1985. The biopsy specimen
was a lobulated, polypoid, pigmented mass 2 cm in diameter, that had been located on the anterior wall of the anus. A satellite
nodule 7 mm in diameter was found on the left wall of the anus at the level of the dentate line. Both tumors were histologically
diagnosed as malignant melanoma. The primary tumor was 6 mm thick. Melanoma cells were present microscopically at the cut
end of the rectum. Because of her history of ischemic heart disease, the patient rejected our recommendation that she undergo
radical surgery, and received 10 courses of carboplatin 20 mg intramuscularly and OK-432 10 K.E. (Klinische Einheit) intradermally
every week. A single, pigmented metastatic inguinal lymph node developed and was excised in June 1987. A recurrent tumor was
detected in the rectum in October 1992, so again we recommended radical surgery. The patient rejected radical surgery again,
and received 12 courses of carboplatin 10 mg intramuscularly every 2 weeks. She died of disease at home in July 1993 after
surviving for 7 years and 10 months. An autopsy was not performed. This case shows that local excision of the primary lesion
may be appropriate to preserve the quality of life of patients with early-stage malignant melanoma of the anus. 相似文献