全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2460篇 |
免费 | 187篇 |
国内免费 | 13篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 51篇 |
儿科学 | 64篇 |
妇产科学 | 57篇 |
基础医学 | 329篇 |
口腔科学 | 37篇 |
临床医学 | 186篇 |
内科学 | 647篇 |
皮肤病学 | 68篇 |
神经病学 | 185篇 |
特种医学 | 48篇 |
外科学 | 345篇 |
综合类 | 14篇 |
预防医学 | 103篇 |
眼科学 | 25篇 |
药学 | 223篇 |
中国医学 | 4篇 |
肿瘤学 | 274篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 32篇 |
2022年 | 49篇 |
2021年 | 82篇 |
2020年 | 51篇 |
2019年 | 55篇 |
2018年 | 69篇 |
2017年 | 61篇 |
2016年 | 79篇 |
2015年 | 82篇 |
2014年 | 94篇 |
2013年 | 111篇 |
2012年 | 180篇 |
2011年 | 202篇 |
2010年 | 115篇 |
2009年 | 84篇 |
2008年 | 169篇 |
2007年 | 177篇 |
2006年 | 144篇 |
2005年 | 150篇 |
2004年 | 130篇 |
2003年 | 116篇 |
2002年 | 123篇 |
2001年 | 32篇 |
2000年 | 32篇 |
1999年 | 29篇 |
1998年 | 28篇 |
1997年 | 13篇 |
1996年 | 18篇 |
1995年 | 9篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 10篇 |
1992年 | 9篇 |
1991年 | 17篇 |
1990年 | 8篇 |
1989年 | 14篇 |
1988年 | 8篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
1971年 | 3篇 |
1970年 | 4篇 |
1969年 | 4篇 |
1968年 | 3篇 |
1966年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有2660条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
71.
72.
Morikawa Takanori Ishida Masaharu Takadate Tatsuyuki Hata Tatsuo Iseki Masahiro Kawaguchi Kei Ohtsuka Hideo Mizuma Masamichi Hayashi Hiroki Nakagawa Kei Motoi Fuyuhiko Kamei Takashi Naitoh Takeshi Unno Michiaki 《Surgery today》2020,50(2):153-162
Surgery Today - We introduced a superior approach and a unique technique to retract the stomach, called the “stomach roll-up technique”, to standardize laparoscopic distal... 相似文献
73.
Naoyuki Maeda Kanako Okumura Emi Tanaka Tomokazu Suzuki Taku Miyasho Satoko Haeno Hiromi Ueda Nobuhiko Hoshi Hiroshi Yokota 《Environmental toxicology》2014,29(12):1452-1459
Reproductive toxicities and endocrine disruptions caused by chemicals in adult males are still poorly understood. It is our objectives to understand further details of the initial adverse effects leading severe testicular toxicities of a pharmaceutical endocrine disruptor, diethylstilbestrol (DES). Downregulations of both testicular regulatory proteins, such as the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR), which play important roles in the transport of cholesterol into the mitochondria, and cytochrome P450 mediating the cholesterol side chain cleavage reaction (P450scc), were observed in the rat orally administered DES (340 μg/kg/2 days) for 2 weeks. We found that after only 1 week treatment with DES, the blood and testicular testosterone (TS) levels were drastically decreased without abnormalities of the StAR and PBR; however, the protein and mRNA levels of P450scc were diminished. Decrease in the conversion rate of cholesterol to pregnenolone was delayed in the in vitro assay using the testicular mitochondrial fraction from the rat treated with DES for 1 week. When the precursors in TS biosynthesis containing the testis were identified and determined by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry analysis, decreased levels of all precursors except cholesterol were observed. In conclusion, suppressed cytochrome P450scc expression in adult male rat was identified as an initial target of DES in testicular steroidogenesis disorder leading reproductive toxicities. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 29: 1452–1459, 2014. 相似文献
74.
75.
Shingo Takatori Kazuhiro Hirai Shuichiro Ozaki Panot Tangsucharit Satoko Fukushima-Miyashita Mitsuhiro Goda Narumi Hashikawa-Hobara Nobufumi Ono Hiromu Kawasaki 《British journal of pharmacology》2014,171(24):5743-5756
Background and Purpose
Previous studies have demonstrated that nicotine releases protons from adrenergic nerves via stimulation of nicotinic ACh receptors and activates transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) receptors located on calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-containing (CGRPergic) vasodilator nerves, resulting in vasodilatation. The present study investigated whether perivascular nerves release protons, which modulate axon-axonal neurotransmission.Experiment Approach
Perfusion pressure and pH levels of perfusate in rat-perfused mesenteric vascular beds without endothelium were measured with a pressure transducer and a pH meter respectively.Key Results
Periarterial nerve stimulation (PNS) initially induced vasoconstriction, which was followed by long-lasting vasodilatation and decreased pH levels in the perfusate. Cold-storage denervation of the preparation abolished the decreased pH and vascular responses to PNS. The adrenergic neuron blocker guanethidine inhibited PNS-induced vasoconstriction and effects on pH, but not PNS-induced vasodilatation. Capsaicin (CGRP depletor), capsazepine and ruthenium red (TRPV1 inhibitors) attenuated the PNS-induced decrease in pH and vasodilatation. In denuded preparations, ACh caused long-lasting vasodilatation and lowered pH; these effects were inhibited by capsaicin pretreatment and atropine, but not by guanethidine or mecamylamine. Capsaicin injection induced vasodilatation and a reduction in pH, which were abolished by ruthenium red. The use of a fluorescent pH indicator demonstrated that application of nicotine, ACh and capsaicin outside small mesenteric arteries reduced perivascular pH levels and these effects were abolished in a Ca2+-free medium.Conclusion and Implication
These results suggest that protons are released from perivascular adrenergic and CGRPergic nerves upon PNS and these protons modulate transmission in CGRPergic nerves.Tables of LinksTargets |
---|
GPCRs |
α1-adrenoceptor |
Muscarinic ACh receptor |
CGRP receptor |
Ligand-gated ion channels |
Nicotinic ACh receptor |
Ion channels |
TRPV1 channel |
LIGANDS | |
---|---|
ACh | Mecamylamine |
Atropine | Methoxamine |
Capsaicin | Neuropeptide Y |
Capsazepine | Nicotine |
CGRP | Nitric oxide (NO) |
Guanethidine | Noradrenaline |
Ruthenium red |
76.
Satoko Ishii Ritsuko Katagiri Toshiyuki Kataoka Mitsuhiro Wada Shigeo Imai Kanji Yamasaki 《Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP》2014
A risk assessment study of dioxins in sanitary napkins produced in Japan was performed. The daily estimated exposure volume to dioxins was compared with the tolerable daily intake (TDI). The concentrations of dioxins such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs) in seven sanitary napkins were measured using gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy analytical methods. Among the seven napkins, a range of 0.0044–0.076 pg TEQ/g dioxins was measured. Daily estimated exposure volume from sanitary napkins was calculated as follows: (dioxin volumes in a sanitary napkin (0.0044–0.076 pg TEQ/g) × pulp weight in a sanitary napkin (11.2 g) × used napkin numbers/d (7.5) × the number of days/month that women use sanitary napkins (7) × skin absorption rate (0.03) × used years (40))/(average body weight of women (50 kg) × the number of days in the month (30) × life years (86)). Daily exposure volumes were estimated to be 0.000024–0.00042 pg TEQ/kg/d. For hazard assessment, we used 0.7 pg TEQ/kg/d which was the lowest level of TDI among TDI values reported by international agencies. When the daily exposure volume was compared with the TDI, the former was approximately 1666–29,166 times less than the latter. This fact indicated that the risk of exposure to dioxins from sanitary napkins produced in Japan was negligible. 相似文献
77.
Satoko Sunagawa Yoshikazu Iha Takeshi Kinjo Katsunori Nakamura Jiro Fujita 《Respiratory investigation》2021,59(1):149-152
Since the Okinawan islands are located in the southernmost part of Japan, where the climate is subtropical, several episodes of influenza epidemics occur during the summer season. More recently, we have demonstrated that summer influenza epidemics occur every year. After the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) began in January 2020, measures to avoid disease transmission have been widely promoted in Japan, such as the use of masks, handwashing, remote work, and cancellation of large events. These measures might also have reduced the spread of other infectious diseases, such as the seasonal influenza. Based on this background, we evaluated weekly influenza activity in the 2019/2020 season. After the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the summer influenza in the Okinawa prefecture disappeared in 2020. The reasons for the disappearance of summer influenza in Okinawa are discussed herein. 相似文献
78.
Satoko Kitamura Kazuhiro Satomi Takashi Kurita Wataru Shimizu Kazuhiro Suyama Naohiko Aihara Kazuo Niwaya Junjiro Kobayashi Shiro Kamakura 《Circulation journal》2006,70(3):273-277
BACKGROUND: As a result of longer follow-up after implantation of cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), fatigue of the leads has become a concern. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and clinical presentation of ICD lead failures. METHODS AND RESULTS: The study population consisted of 241 patients with 249 ICD leads who underwent implantation of an ICD with a transvenous lead system. After device implantation, the patients were routinely followed up every 4 months. Five lead failures (2.0%) occurred as an oversensing of artifact during the follow-up period (2.6+/-2.1 years); 4 of those 5 patients received inappropriate shocks and 1 case of lead failure was identified in a patient with frequent episodes of non-sustained ventricular fibrillation. In particular, the right ventricular polyurethane transvenous lead in the Medtronic model 6936 failed in 4 (13%) of 31 cases. Percutaneous lead extraction was not available in all cases, so an additional ICD lead was inserted through the same site of the subclavian vein. CONCLUSIONS: Lead failures may occur 5 years after ICD implantation and polyurethane leads have an especially high incidence of failure. However, there were no follow-up parameters observed that predicted lead failures. 相似文献
79.
80.