浙江省嘉兴市成人麻疹抗体水平及影响因素调查

目的了解浙江省嘉兴市15岁以上健康成人麻疹保护性抗体水平,为制定成人麻疹防控策略提供科学数据。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法,采集嘉兴市15～74岁之间的569名健康成人血清,采用间接酶联免疫法（ELISA）定量检测麻疹IgG抗体。结果嘉兴市15岁以上健康成人麻疹IgG抗体阳性率为94.38%,保护率为54.31%,麻疹IgG抗体GMC为999.24IU/L。其中20～岁年龄组保护率最低,为45.92%,50～岁年龄组保护率最高,为71.64%,各年龄组麻疹抗体保护率差异有统计学意义（χ^2=14.84,P=0.038）,本地人口麻疹抗体保护率为50.94%,外地人口麻疹抗体保护率为57.24%,不同户籍与麻疹抗体保护率差异无统计学意义（χ^2=2.26,P=0.152）。结论嘉兴市15岁以上成人麻疹保护性抗体水平总体较低,建议做好初三学生麻风疫苗的常规接种,同时提高育龄妇女体内麻疹保护性抗体水平。     

Evaluation of tamoxifen and alpha-hydroxytamoxifen 32P-post-labelled DNA adducts by the development of a novel automated on-line solid-phase extraction HPLC method

A novel HPLC system has been developed that has allowed the separation of tamoxifen DNA adducts formed in the livers of rats and mice treated with this drug. At least 13 different peaks have been separated from 32P-post-labelled DNA, with two major peaks jointly accounting for >60% of the total adducts formed by tamoxifen in the livers of treated rats and mice. This is a great improvement on the resolution obtained by thin layer chromatography, which separates the adducts into one main product consisting of a group of major adduct spots eluting together, plus several other minor spots. Identification of the nature of some of the peaks has been investigated. Comparisons of the products formed when alpha-acetoxytamoxifen is reacted with DNA in vitro with 32P-post- labelled liver DNA adducts from rats treated with tamoxifen or alpha- hydroxytamoxifen in vivo, appear to confirm that a major route of activation of tamoxifen in vivo is via alpha-hydroxylation. The resolving power of this HPLC system has further extended this result to show that six of the peaks, including the two major peaks, are formed by the reaction of an activated alpha-hydroxytamoxifen with DNA. Activation of 4-hydroxytamoxifen by the peroxidase/H2O2 system in vitro gives a more polar DNA adduct seen only at trace levels in liver DNA from tamoxifen-treated rats and mice.      

子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫疤痕妊娠28例临床分析

目的 探讨子宫疤痕妊娠终止妊娠时应用双侧子宫动脉栓塞术的治疗价值.方法 回顾性分析2008年6月至2010年12月我院收治的28例剖宫产术后子宫疤痕妊娠(CSP)患者的临床资料.所有患者术前均经超声检查明 确诊断,均预防性行子宫动脉栓塞术,术中于子宫动脉置入1 mm3的明胶海绵颗粒(50～60粒)进行栓塞.结果 ...     

Primordial germ cells are capable of producing cells of the hematopoietic system in vitro

The identity of the cells giving rise to the hematopoietic system in the mouse embryo are unknown. The results presented here strongly suggest that hematopoietic cells are derived from a nonhematopoietic cell population that has been previously thought to give rise to the germ cells. These cells are called primordial germ cells (PGCs) and can be recognized as large cells showing blebbing and pseudopodial extrusions on their surface. They are alkaline phosphatase (AP) positive and possess a stage-specific embryonic antigen (SSEA-1) on their surface. They represent a small pool of cells in the extraembryonic mesoderm at the base of the allantois in late day-6 embryos. Primordial germ cells from 7.5- and 8.5-day visceral yolk sac and embryo proper form AP+ and SSEA-1+ colonies within 5 days when grown on an embryonic fibroblast feeder cell layer in the presence of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), stem cell factor (SCF), and interleukin-3 (IL-3). Individual colonies taken from day-5 cultures can be shown to differentiate into erythroid lineage cells in secondary methyl cellulose culture and produce secondary and tertiary PGCs in the presence of LIF, SCF, and IL-3. Cells taken from the region of the allantois and primitive streak can form colonies on hydrophilic Teflon (DuPont, Wilmington, DE) foils precoated with collagen and fibronectin. The cells from these colonies were then shown to form cobblestone areas on irradiated adult bone marrow stromal layers, indicating that the most primitive in vitro hematopoietic stem cell, the cobblestone-area forming cell (CAFC), was present. PGC colonies were grown in methyl cellulose in the presence of LIF, SCF, and IL-3 for 5 days, and the colonies were removed and passaged 3 times on pretreated extracellular matrix hydrophilic Teflon foils. After each passage, the cells were assayed for their differentiation capacity and PGC content. After the last passage, the number of CAFCs was also determined. It was found that, under these conditions, the PGC population expanded more than 400- fold and also contained CAFCs. It is postulated that the PGC represents a totipotent stem cell population capable of producing a variety of different cell types including cells of the hematopoietic system.     

The prognostic significance of post-infarction angina pectoris and the effect of verapamil on the incidence of angina pectoris and prognosis

The prognostic sign of angina pectoris and the effect of interventionwith verapamil on the incidence of angina pectoris were studiedin patients recovering from myocardial infarction and includedin the Danish Verapamil Infarction Trial II. During the secondweek after admission patients were double-blindly randomizedto treatment with verapamil 360 mg. day^–1 or placebo.Treatment was continued for up to 18 months. At discharge anginapectoris was reported in 11% of 869 patients randomized to verapamiland in 12% of 888 randomized to placebo (ns). One month afterdischarge a significantly increase in the prevalance of anginapectoris was reported in both the verapamil (33%) (P<0·001)and the placebo groups (39%) (P <0·001). The one monthprevalence of angina pectoris (P=0·03) and the 18 monthsoverall incidence of angina pectoris (P= 0·002) wereboth .sigificant lower in the verapamil group compared withplacebo. Stable angina pectoris during the first month of follow-upwas a significant predictor of major events (i.e. death or reinfarction)(hazard ratio = 1·45; 95% confidence limits: 1·101·89). As verapamil significantly reduced the incidenceof angina pectoris during daily activities, and thereby thenumber of patients at high risk, the beneficial effect of verapamilin reducing major events in patients recovering from myocardialinfarction is likely to be due to abolishing myocardial ischaemia.     

rhBMP-2对骨骼肌卫星细胞增殖与粘附的影响

目的：探讨人重组骨形态发生蛋白(rhBMP)一2对骨骼肌卫星细胞增殖与粘附的影响。方法：体外分离与培养骨骼肌卫星细胞，分别用0、50、100、500、1000ng/ml的rhBMP-2诱导培养基培养48h。利用MTT法测定细胞增殖能力的变化，通过荧光法测定接种后1h的粘附细胞率。结果：rhBMP-2可促进骨骼肌卫星细胞的增殖，这种作用从BMP浓度为500ng/ml即可表现出来，并随着浓度的增加而越发明显。在rhBMP-2作用下骨骼肌卫星细胞的粘附率增高，在500ng/ml的浓度时达最高，但当BMP浓度进一步增加时，细胞粘附率却不再增加。结论：rhBMP-2可促进骨骼肌卫星细胞的增殖，增强其粘附特性。     

湖北地区306例极重度聋患儿基因芯片筛查分析

目的：通过检测湖北地区极重度感音神经性聋患儿常见耳聋基因突变情况,分析该人群的分子病因学特点,为临床耳聋防治和遗传咨询提供参考。方法：收集306例湖北地区极重度感音神经性聋患儿,抽取外周血,提取DNA,应用遗传性耳聋基因芯片检测GJB2、GJB3、SLC26A4和线粒体12SrRNA4个基因的9个突变热点。对所有携带SLC26A4基因突变患者进行颞骨CT扫描。结果：306名患儿中,132例（43．14％）检出携带不同基因突变,其中有2例携带双基因突变。GJB2基因突变检出率为29．41％（90／306）,SLC26A4基因突变检出率为13．72％（42／306）,线粒体12SrRNA基因突变检出率为O．65％（2／306）。本组患者未检出GJB3基因突变。36例携带SLC26A4基因突变者颞骨CT扫描显示前庭水管扩大。结论：GJB2基因和SLC26A4基因是本组患儿最主要的致聋基因,其中235delC突变为最常见的突变位点,其次为1VS7—2A〉G突变。筛查SLC26A4基因常见突变有助于大前庭水管综合征的诊断。     

牙周炎患者基础治疗前后牙周袋内挥发性硫化物水平的变化

目的 :了解牙周炎患者治疗前后牙周袋内挥发性硫化物水平的变化。方法 :对 8例牙周炎患者的 5 1颗牙进行牙周基础治疗 ,并于治疗前及治疗后 4周用金刚牙科探针记录颊侧近远中牙周袋内共 10 2个位点的挥发性硫化物 (volatilesulfurcompounds,VSC )水平及菌斑指数 (plaqueindex ,PI)、牙周探诊深度 (probingdepth ,PD )、出血指数(bleedingindex ,BI )及临床附着水平 (clinicalattachmentlevel ,CAL )。结果 :牙周基础治疗后 4周 ,牙周袋内VSC水平及牙周各项临床指标均明显下降 (P <0 .0 0 1)。结论 :牙周袋内VSC可能是反映牙周组织状况的一项较为客观的指标。     

超声引导下微波凝固治疗肝癌前后患者免疫指标的动态变化

 目的　观察超声引导下微波凝固治疗肝癌前后患者免疫指标的动态变化。方法　分别于微波治疗前1周及治疗后1、2、3、4周采集患者外周静脉血,用Cr51释放法检测自然杀伤细胞活性,放射免疫法测定白细胞介素-2水平,酶联免疫法测定可溶性白介素2受体水平。结果　肝癌患者存在严重免疫功能低下,与正常人比NK细胞活性与IL-2水平下降;SIL-2R水平上升,均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。微波凝固治疗肝癌后,NK细胞活性明显上升(P<0.05),SIL-2R水平明显降低(P<0.01)。结论　微波热疗后机体免疫功能增强,提高了抗肿瘤能力。