The psychological development of justice and injustice in child maltreatment: some theoretical implications

This article presents how children construct their experiences of justice and injustice and how abuse relates exclusively to the meanings assigned to these constructs. The effects of trauma are most apparent when significant and generalized others (i.e.; family, community, culture) cannot maintain the human contracts that bond people, define social order, and ensure justice. The psychological adaptation of the child is also shaped by the way the legal system responds to the plight of the child, and how the traumatic event is interpreted according to the ethical standards that the child has developed.     

Adult benign granular cell tumor of the maxilla

A granular cell tumor occurred in the right anterior maxilla of a 22-yr-old black man. It involved the right labial maxillary submucosa and the underlying bone. It also invaded the maxillary sinus and the nasal cavity on the same side. The ultrastructural features of the lesion confirmed the biopsy diagnosis of benign granular cell tumor. The treatment involved partial maxillectomy, split thickness skin graft and immediate dental prosthesis.     

Presenting features suggestive for later recurrence of idiopathic sixth nerve paresis in children.

BACKGROUND: Although idiopathic sixth (abducens) nerve paresis of childhood typically resolves within a few months, the paresis recurs in a minority of cases. The purpose of this study is to describe clinical features at presentation that are associated with later recurrence. METHODS: Retrospective literature review and novel case report. RESULTS: Thirty-five articles were reviewed, revealing 54 nonrecurrent and 41 recurrent cases. One previously unreported recurrent case is also included in our review. Patients with recurrence were typically girls (p < 0.05) and were typically affected in the left eye (p < 0.05). All children who initially presented under 14 months of age and/or whose initial presentation was associated with vaccination developed recurrence. Seventy-three percent of second episodes occurred within one year of initial presentation. No children who initially presented after 12 years of age developed recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: When an otherwise normal child is diagnosed with idiopathic sixth nerve paresis, clinical features suggestive of later recurrence are female gender, left eye involvement, younger age, and recent vaccination. Recurrence is less likely if it has not occurred within one year of the initial event.     

Environmental pollutant isotope measurements and natural radioactivity assessment for north Tushki area, south western desert, Egypt.

Natural radioactive materials under certain conditions can reach hazardous radiological levels. The natural radionuclide (238U, 232Th, 40K) contents of rock samples at various locations in the North Tushki area were investigated using gamma-spectrometric analysis. Estimates of the measured radionuclide content have been made for the absorbed dose rate of gamma radiation. The equivalent radium (Req) and the external hazard index (Hex) which resulted from the natural radionuclides in soil are also calculated and tabulated. The studied samples have been collected from various rock exposures in the North Tushki area. The distribution of major oxides, U and Th were studied. It is found that the enrichment and depletion of the major oxides are mainly due to the effect of hydrothermal alteration, which caused mobility of some major oxides, which increases some elements and decreases others. It is important to mention that the study area is far from the development region of the Tushki project and is only a local hazard. Therefore, additional regional studies of the Tushki Project area should be under taken to explore any unexpected environmental hazard due to the high concentration of the radioactive elements, which have been observed at its north boundary.     

Autoerythrocyte sensitization (Gardner-Diamond) syndrome

We describe the clinical presentation and course of a patient with autoerythrocyte sensitization (Gardner-Diamond) syndrome, and review the literature for similar cases. A 37-yr-old female presented with recurrent episodes of painful ecchymotic bruising over the anterior aspect of both thighs. These episodes were precipitated by emotional stress. The diagnosis was confirmed by induction of similar lesions by intradermal injection of the patient's own washed red blood cells and hemoglobin. The lesions did not recur for 6 months after the cause of her emotional stress was relieved. Autoerythrocyte sensitization (Gardner-Diamond) syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis of purpura, especially in patients with psychiatric problems.     

Winter peak of respiratory syncytial virus in Islamabad

A study was carried out on 391 cases of bronchiolitis and pneumonia from different paediatric units in Rawalpindi/Islamabad, Pakistan. A clear winter spike of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was noted. It was found that there was a substantial increase of 30-50% in the positivity of RSV from December to February.