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Ainhoa Nekane Toro‐Ibarguen Juan Pretell‐Mazzini Elena Pérez Isabel Pedrajas Juan Miguel Cano‐Egea Jose Ramón Sanudo 《Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.)》2017,30(5):625-634
The aim of this study was to determine the presence and morphology of the anterolateral ligament (ALL) of the knee in a sample of fetuses. We hypothesized that the ALL is present in sample fetuses and its origin is not related to repetitive stresses throughout life. Forty fresh‐frozen knees from cadaveric fetuses were dissected using a standard technique. The ALL and other structures in the anterolateral compartment of the knee were identified. The details of the femoral and tibial attachments, course and relationships with anatomical structures of the ALL were identified, recorded, and quantitatively characterized. The ALL was identified in 100% of the dissected knees. We found three anatomical patterns regarding the femoral attachment: (1) Proximal and posterior to the fibular collateral ligament (55%); (2) Together with the fibular collateral ligament (25%); and (3). Anterior and distal to it (20%). The ALL was extracapsular with an oblique course attaching into the anterolateral aspect of the tibia, midway between the midpoint of Gerdy's tubercle and the fibular head. The ALL has a strong attachment to the lateral meniscus, creating two fascicles: proximal or meniscofemoral and distal or meniscotibial. The ALL is a constant, extracapsular anatomical structure in the anterolateral compartment of the knee, present from the later prenatal period of life. Its morphology shows three different patterns of femoral attachment in relation to the fibular collateral ligament position, a strong attachment in the lateral meniscus, and a constant tibial attachment. Clin. Anat. 30:625–634, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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A strategy to improve treatment‐related mortality and abandonment of therapy for childhood ALL in a developing country reveals the impact of treatment delays 下载免费PDF全文
Amaranto Suarez MD Martha Piña MD Diana X. Nichols‐Vinueza MD John Lopera MD Lyda Rengifo MD Mauricio Mesa MD Marcela Cardenas RN Lisa Morrissey RN Galo Veintemilla MD Martha Vizcaino MD Ligia Del Toro MD Victor Vicuna PhD Jorge Fernandez LICSW Donna Neuberg ScD Kristen Stevenson MS Alejandro Gutierrez MD 《Pediatric blood & cancer》2015,62(8):1395-1402
Background
Treatment‐related mortality and abandonment of therapy are major barriers to successful treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in the developing world.Procedure
A collaboration was undertaken between Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia (Bogota, Colombia), which serves a poor patient population in an upper‐middle income country, and Dana‐Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center (Boston, USA). Several interventions aimed at reducing toxic deaths and abandonment were implemented, including a reduced‐intensity treatment regimen and a psychosocial effort targeting abandonment. We performed a cohort study to assess impact.Results
The Study Population comprised 99 children with ALL diagnosed between 2007 and 2010, and the Historic Cohort comprised 181 children treated prior to the study interventions (1995–2004). Significant improvements were achieved in the rate of deaths in complete remission (13% to 3%; P = 0.005), abandonment (32% to 9%; P < 0.001), and event‐free survival with abandonment considered an event (47% to 65% at 2 years; P = 0.016). However, relapse rate did not improve. Medically unnecessary treatment delays were common, and landmark analysis revealed that initiating the PIII phase of therapy ≥4 weeks delayed predicted markedly inferior disease‐free survival (P = 0.016). Conversely, patients who received therapy without excessive delays had outcomes approaching those achieved in high‐income countries.Conclusions
Implementation of a twinning program was followed by reductions in abandonment and toxic deaths, but relapse rate did not improve. Inappropriate treatment delays were common and strongly predicted treatment failure. These findings highlight the importance of adherence to treatment schedule for effective therapy of ALL. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015;62:1395–1402. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献48.
Omrana?PashaEmail author Shivaprasad?S?Goudar Archana?Patel Ana?Garces Fabian?Esamai Elwyn?Chomba Janet?L?Moore Bhalchandra?S?Kodkany Sarah?Saleem Richard?J?Derman Edward?A?Liechty Patricia?L?Hibberd K?Michael?Hambidge Nancy?F?Krebs Waldemar?A?Carlo Elizabeth?M?McClure Marion?Koso-Thomas Robert?L?Goldenberg 《Reproductive health》2015,12(Z2):S11
Background
During the post-partum period, most women wish to delay or prevent future pregnancies. Despite this, the unmet need for family planning up to a year after delivery is higher than at any other time. This study aims to assess fertility intention, contraceptive usage and unmet need for family planning amongst women who are six weeks postpartum, as well as to identify those at greatest risk of having an unmet need for family planning during this period.Methods
Using the NICHD Global Network for Women’s and Children’s Health Research’s multi-site, prospective, ongoing, active surveillance system to track pregnancies and births in 100 rural geographic clusters in 5 countries (India, Pakistan, Zambia, Kenya and Guatemala), we assessed fertility intention and contraceptive usage at day 42 post-partum.Results
We gathered data on 36,687 women in the post-partum period. Less than 5% of these women wished to have another pregnancy within the year. Despite this, rates of modern contraceptive usage varied widely and unmet need ranged from 25% to 96%. Even amongst users of modern contraceptives, the uptake of the most effective long-acting reversible contraceptives (intrauterine devices) was low. Women of age less than 20 years, parity of two or less, limited education and those who deliver at home were at highest risk for having unmet need.Conclusions
Six weeks postpartum, almost all women wish to delay or prevent a future pregnancy. Even in sites where early contraceptive adoption is common, there is substantial unmet need for family planning. This is consistently highest amongst women below the age of 20 years. Interventions aimed at increasing the adoption of effective contraceptive methods are urgently needed in the majority of sites in order to reduce unmet need and to improve both maternal and infant outcomes, especially amongst young women.Study registration
Clinicaltrials.gov (ID# NCT01073475)49.
Herein, rare-earth manganite, La0.67Sr0.33MnO3, has been prepared by a citric acid-assisted sol–gel auto-combustion method at a maintained pH value of 11. Room-temperature X-ray diffraction (RT-XRD) data analysis revealed a rhombohedral structure for the sample with the space group R3c, which was further confirmed by synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction (SR-XRD). Rietveld refinement was carried out for both spectra, which confirmed the SR-XRD and RT-XRD results and the various structural parameters. To determine any of the phase transitions in the sample, temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction corresponding to the temperatures of 100 K, 200 K, 250 K, and 325 K was carried out, and no new phase was found. Temperature-dependent Raman characterization confirmed the metallic phase of the sample with the reduced Jahn–Teller distortion. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed the growth in the grain size as a result of a high sintering temperature. Compositional verification was conducted using energy-dispersive analysis of X-ray diffraction (EDAX). Low-temperature dc resistivity measurement showed a metal-insulator transition temperature (TMI) of ≈178 K. The DSC-specific heat measurement shows the ferromagnetic metallic nature where heat capacity increases with an increase in temperature.Herein, rare-earth manganite, La0.67Sr0.33MnO3, has been prepared by a citric acid-assisted sol–gel auto-combustion method at a maintained pH value of 11. 相似文献
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Umme Salama Moosajee Syed Ghazanfar Saleem Sundus Iftikhar Lubna Samad 《International journal of emergency medicine》2018,11(1):40