"术前体质辨证、术后快速整体康复" 模式在剖宫产的临床应用

[目的] 观察并验证在"术前体质辨证、术后快速整体康复"理念模式的指导下,运用中医活血祛瘀、健旺脾胃、固本培元等方法,促进剖宫产术后伤口愈合和整体康复,从而提高术后生活质量,达到快速整体康复为目的的临床疗效.[方法] 以2000 年1月至2005年12月符合入选标准的产妇 5500 例作为对照组,以2006年1月至2007年8月符合入选标准的产妇2 300例作为治疗组.治疗组根据产前体质辨证,产后以中药体质调理并配合耳针、穴位贴敷、穴位注射等综合疗法治疗.对照组围手术期使用抗生素预防感染,并配合能量合剂、维生素等支持疗法.观察两组产妇术后伤口感染和伤口疼痛评分、胃肠道反应、术后胃肠道排气排便时间、泌乳情况、宫底下降高度、产后24 h出血量以及血常规中白细胞计数等指标.[结果] 治疗组术后在伤口疼痛评分、伤口感染及胃肠道反应方面均较对照组明显减轻,排气排便时间提早,泌乳增加,与对照组比较,差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05).[结论]"术前体质辨证、术后快速整体康复"模式在剖宫产中的应用,可使产妇顺利、快速地度过产后康复全过程.     

Individual and joint effects of borderline ankle-brachial index and high plasma total homocysteine on all-cause death in hypertensive adults

BACKGROUNDThe cardiovascular hazards of total homocysteine (tHcy) are long known. In addition, despite the acknowledgment on the importance of low ankle-brachial index (ABI) (< 0.9), borderline ABI (0.91-0.99) was once commonly overlooked. This study aims to explore the independent and joint effect of tHcy level and borderline ABI on all-cause death in hypertensive population.METHODSThis study included 10,538 participants from China H-type Hypertension Registry Study. ABI was described into two groups: normal ABI (1.00-1.40) and borderline ABI. tHcy level was also divided into two groups: < 15.02 and ≥ 15.02 μmo/L. Four groups were analyzed, using COX proportional hazard regression model, separately and pairwise to observe the independent and joint effect on all-cause death.RESULTSA total of 126 (1.2%) deaths were observed in the 1.7 years follow-up time. Borderline ABI has a higher predicted risk of death than normal ABI (HR = 1.87, 95%CI: 1.17-3.00) after adjusting for potential covariates. Compare with tHcy level < 15.02 μmo/L (low tHcy), those with tHcy ≥ 15.02 μmo/L (high tHcy) had higher risk to event outcome (HR = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.30-3.05). According to the cumulative hazard curve, group with borderline ABI and high tHcy level has significantly higher altitude and larger increasing rate over follow-up period compare to other groups. Among those with borderline ABI, participants with high tHcy had higher death risk than those with low tHcy, nevertheless, no significant different between borderline and normal ABI among those with low tHcy levels.CONCLUSIONSBorderline ABI and tHcy level both have independent predictive value on all-cause death. The combined group of borderline ABI and high tHcy has highest risk factor of outcomes, which suggested the mutual additive value of borderline ABI and tHcy. More attention should be given to the importance of borderline ABI in hypertensive population, especially with elevated tHcy level.

Homocysteine (Hcy) is a sulfur-containing, non-proteinogenic amino acid synthesized through the transmethylation of amino acid methionine from one-carbon metabolism. Elevated plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) level is associated with endothelial dysfunction, increased blood coagulation, and metabolic disturbance, promoting cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and coronary artery disease.^[1,2] Notably, patients with high Hcy levels and concomitant hypertension were suggested to be at particularly higher risk.^[3] Moreover, increasing studies have explored a positive association between advanced Hcy level with all-cause mortality. According to a recent dose-response meta-analysis, for each 5-μmol/L increment of tHcy levels, the risk for all-cause mortality increased by 33.6%.^[4]The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is an effective, well-established measure that is commonly used in the diagnosis of peripheral artery disease (PAD),^[5] meanwhile was well studied as an important indicator of atherosclerosis and CVD events.^[6] Although ankle-brachial index (ABI) ≤ 0.90 has been recognized as the threshold value for abnormal/low ABI, which was proven to increase the risk of all-cause mortality,^[7] a study from the American Heart Association has suggested ABI between 0.91 and 1.00 should be considered as “borderline area” in terms of cardiovascular risks,^[8] considering of prior probability and sensitivity of ABI calculation. Emerging studies have aimed to explore the predictive value of borderline ABI,^[9-11] however, controversy remains because of limited and inconsistent data. The current study aimed to explore the individual and joint effect of borderline ABI and tHcy on all-cause mortality among hypertensive adults. Although ABI level ≤ 0.90 has been and is going to remain significant in clinical practice, we believe broader concern should be placed on borderline ABI, especially for its value in risk differentiation and identification. To the best of our knowledge, there are no similar previous studies.     

水通道蛋白与脂肪代谢的研究进展

水以及其他小分子物质通过细胞膜运动是物质代谢中一个很重要的方面;水通道中的水甘油通道不仅是水分子选择性通过的孔道,还是甘油等小分子物质的重要通道,在人和其他生物的许多脏器中广泛分布:脂肪组织是储存能量的器官,为了维持全身的能量平衡,脂肪组织中经常发生脂肪的合成和分解.研究发现,水通道中的水甘油通道参与脂肪的合成和分解等一系列重要的物质代谢过程.已证明,水甘油通道的表达、功能和(或)调节的改变是导致皮肤病、肥胖、糖尿病、胰岛素抵抗等疾病的基础.     

B7-H4在卵巢癌中的研究进展

B7-H4分子又称B7S1和B7x,是最近发现的T细胞共刺激分子B7家族中的新成员,能负性调控T细胞的免疫应答、阻碍细胞因子的产生和细胞周期的进程.同时大量表达B7-H4分子可以保护表皮细胞免于失巢凋亡,促进上皮细胞的恶性转化,在恶性肿瘤的发生、进展和转归的免疫逃逸机制中发挥重要作用.B7-H4分子在质膜上的定位及其在卵巢癌组织和细胞上的过度表达使其具有非常诱人的应用前景,能潜在地作为卵巢癌早期诊断新的生物标志,并为临床上卵巢癌的靶向治疗提供了思路.     

11C-胆碱PET在前列腺癌中的临床应用探讨

前列腺癌是老年男性的常见恶性肿瘤,但是常规显像困难.11C-胆碱是新近研究较多的一种正电子肿瘤阳性显像剂,因它不通过泌尿系统排泄而被用于前列腺癌的临床诊断中.通过11C-胆碱、18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖、11C-乙酸和11C-甲硫氨酸在前列腺癌PET结果的比较,总结了11C-胆碱PET在前列腺癌的临床应用近况.     

金属蛋白酶解离素9在肿瘤中的研究进展

金属蛋白酶解离素9(ADAM9)是金属蛋白酶解离素家族中的一员,主要以其金属蛋白酶活性和与整合素结合的能力广泛参与人类多种疾病的发生发展,尤其是肿瘤性疾病.深入研究ADAM9在肿瘤发生发展中的作用有助于找到新的靶点,从而为肿瘤治疗提供新的方法.     

抗HIV药物研究进展及发展趋势

本文分类总结了近年来抗HIV药物的研究进展以及以后的发展趋势,着重介绍了抗HIV的新的作用靶点和天然活性产物在抗HIV方面的应用。     

唇腭裂病因学研究的新进展

先天性唇腭裂是一种常见的多基因遗传病,是遗传因素和环境因素综合作用的结果,随着人类基因组计划的完成,先天性唇腭裂易感基因的研究已成热点,国外许多学者已进行了大量的研究,并取得了初步的成果。本文回顾近年来在唇腭裂病因学研究方面的进展,包括易感基因定位、相关信号分子流行病学及动物模型等方面的研究。     

白藜芦醇抑制喉癌Hep-2细胞系的生长

目的:研究白藜芦醇对喉癌细胞系Hep-2细胞生长的抑制作用。方法:在显微镜下计算细胞密度,MTT法绘制细胞生长曲线并计算细胞生长抑制率,利用软琼脂集落形成实验在倒置纤维镜下观察白藜芦醇处理Hep-2细胞前后细胞形态学变化及计算集落形成率。结果:各浓度的白藜芦醇均可使细胞生长曲线降低,细胞倍增时间延长。白藜芦醇也可以明显抑制Hep-2细胞形成集落,并发现白藜芦醇对细胞形态的影响与药物的剂量有明显的关系。结论:白藜芦醇对喉癌细胞系Hep-2细胞生长的抑制具有时间和剂量依赖性。     

经CD34+纯化的自体外周造血干细胞移植治疗小儿皮肌炎1例报告

目的探讨经CD34^＋纯化的自体外周造血干细胞移植治疗小儿皮肌炎的疗效。方法1例3岁皮肌炎患儿接受经CD34^＋纯化的自体外周造血干细胞移植。采用环磷酰胺（CTX）＋粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）方案动员外周血干细胞后,通过CliniMACS细胞分选仪分选CD34＋细胞,预处理选用CTX、兔抗人T淋巴免疫球蛋白（ATG）和马法兰（MeL）。0天回输CD34^＋细胞数9.45×10^6/kg。观察症状体征变化、造血重建及免疫恢复情况。结果动员获得单核细胞数为1.04×10^7/kg,经纯化获得CD34^＋细胞占94%,CD34^＋细胞回收率达67%,去除3个对数级CD3^＋。＋9d粒系植入,＋14d巨核系植入。＋19d皮损恢复正常,四肢肌力由移植前Ⅱ级或Ⅲ级转为Ⅳ级。＋180d免疫恢复,＋210d肌力恢复Ⅴ级。结论对常规治疗无效的小儿皮肌炎,可选择CD34^＋纯化自体外周造血干细胞移植。