氯氮平对儿童少年精神分裂症患者肝脏功能的影响

目的通过动态检测青少年精神分裂症患者氯氮平治疗后多项生化指标的变化,了解患者用药过程中肝脏功能损害和适应性。方法选取未经治疗的首发青少年精神分裂症患者70例,于治疗前和治疗2周~6周每周末及7周以上时段,检测患者血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(γ-GT)、胆碱酯酶(CHE)、总胆汁酸(TBA)、总胆红素(T-Bil)、直接胆红素(D-Bil)、间接胆红素(I-Bil)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLO)、前白蛋白(P-ALB),并同时于2、4、6、8周采用简明精神病评定量表(BPRS)和副反应量表(TESS)评定疗效和副反应。结果患者BPRS和TESS量表评分,治疗前后相比较均具有显著性差异(P<0.05),治疗2周与其它周相比差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。ALT、AST、ALP、γ-GT趋势性变化明显,用药2周时上升至高峰,第3周下降至治疗前水平,甚至略低于治疗前,第4周又升高,第5周以后逐渐下降,并维持在略高于治疗前水平;LDH从第2周开始上升,第4周达高峰,然后逐渐下降,第6周后维持在略高于治疗前水平;T-Bil、I-Bil治疗2周~6周显著低于治疗前(P<0.05~P<0.01),7周后恢复到治疗前水平(P>0.05);D-Bil在治疗2周及4周时低于治疗前(P<0.05);P-ALB在治疗3、4、6周及7周以上时显著高于治疗前(P<0.05);CHE、TBA、TP、ALB、GLO治疗前后始终无显著性改变(P>0.05)。治疗第3周与其它周比较,ALT均具有显著性差异(P<0.01),而其它项目差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论氯氮平治疗青少年精神分裂症疗效确切,引起的肝脏损害具有规律性,且较轻微,随着治疗的深入,人体可以逐渐适应用药状况。     

针法微型外科解剖学基础

1针法微型外科对解剖学的要求 随着临床医学的发展，对解剖学从不同角度、不同形式提出了要求。解剖学指导和促进了医学的发展，同时又要求解剖学不断创新。早期的解剖学主要是服务于外科手术。随着外科手术的细致深入和发展，除常规的人体解剖和局部解剖外，又出现了显微外科解剖，人体皮瓣解剖，B超、CT和核磁共振等影像学解剖。     

Neuroprotective effect of estrogen after chronic spinal cord injury in ovariectomized rats

BACKGROUND: At present, there is still lack of effective drugs for chronic spinal cord injury, whereas it is found recently that estrogen has a neuroprotective effect on brain and spinal cord injuries. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of estrogen on the apoptosis of nerve cells after gradual chronic spinal cord injury in ovariectomized rats. DESIGN: A randomized controlled animal trial. SETTING: Institute of Orthopaedics, the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University. MATERIALS: Sixty-five female Wistar rats of common degree, weighing 220–250 g, were provided by the experimental animal center of Lanzhou University. The rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group (n =5), estrogen-treated group (n =30) and saline control group (n =30), and the latter two groups were observed at 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 and 60 days respectively, and 5 rats for each time point. METHODS: All the rats were treated with bilateral oophorectomy 2 weeks before the experiment. T10 vertebral lamina was revolved into using plastic screw. The spinal canal impingement was not induced initially. After that, the original incision was opened to expose the screw every 7–10 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The apoptosis and Caspase-3 positive cells in the damaged spinal cord were detected using terminal deoxynucleotidal transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) method and Caspase-3 immunohistochemical staining at 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 and 60 days after chronic spinal cord injury respectively. RESULTS: Totally 65 rats were used, and the deleted ones during the experiment were supplemented by others. Changes of Caspase-3 expression after spinal cord injury: In the sham-operated group, only a small amount of Caspase-3 proteins were observed in the rat spinal cord, mainly located in motor neurons of spinal cord anterior horn. In the estrogen-treated group and saline control group, positive cells expressed occasionally at 1 day postoperatively, began to increase obviously at 7 days after injury, strongly expressed at 14 and 28 days, but decreased at 60 days, mainly located in the neurons of spinal cord gray matter anterior horn, and they expressed fewer in the motor neurons and white matter of ventral horn, and there were obvious differences between the estrogen-treated group and saline control group at 7, 14, 28 and 60 days (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Estrogen can reduce the apoptosis of nerve cells and promote the recovery of neurological function following gradual chronic spinal cord injury.     

^125I放射微粒微创植入治疗前列腺癌

目的观察^125I放射微粒植入对前列腺癌的治疗效果。方法对26例临床确诊为前列腺癌患者经皮穿刺在癌组织植入^125I放射微粒，每例平均36粒，术后复查肛诊、B超、影像学及血生化指标。结果患者植入治疗经过顺利，2例少量出血，留置导尿后愈合，3个月后经肛诊、直肠B超示结节缩小，前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）降低，多普勒超声显示结节内动脉收缩期最大血流速度（VS）、阻力指数（RI）及动脉搏动指数（PI）均明显下降。结论^125I放射微粒植入对前列腺癌的治疗安全性好、效果可靠。     

影响飞行员掩饰性心理家庭多因素分析

目的 探讨飞行员夫妻双方掩饰性与心理健康及婚姻质量的关系.方法 采用症状自评量表、艾森克个性问卷的掩饰分量表和Olson婚姻质量问卷对288名空军飞行员夫妻双方进行评定,采用SPSS 15.0进行相关分析、回归分析.结果 发现飞行员以及妻子的掩饰特质与自身的心理健康9个因子:躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、焦虑、抑郁、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性具有显著负相关性,前者相关系数在-0.219～-0.306之间,后者在-0.127～-0.391之间.飞行员以及妻子的掩饰特质与自身婚姻质量的12因子中的6(相关系数0.151～0.232)、7(相关系数0.123～0.309)项有显著正相关性;飞行员以及妻子的掩饰特质与对方的婚姻质量各有4项存在显著相关性,前者相关系数在0.127～0.251之间,后者在0.129～0.203之间.多因素分析揭示,对丈夫掩饰特质贡献最大的因素依次为妻子的焦虑情绪、妻子的恐怖情绪、丈夫的敌对情绪、妻子的婚姻满意度、丈夫的角色平等性;对妻子掩饰特质贡献最大的因素依次为妻子的敌对情绪、经济安排、性格相客性,丈夫的性生活、与亲友关系等.结论 开展飞行员心理健康教育,进行婚姻家庭心理咨询时,提高夫妻双方的掩饰性是非常有必要的.     

The Inhibitory Effect of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae on Hypoxic Structural Remodeling of Intra－acinarPulmonary Arteries

(席思川)(车东媛)(张婉蓉)ＴｈｅＩｎｈｉｂｉｔｏｒｙＥｆｆｅｃｔｏｆＲａｄｉｘＳａｌｖｉａｅＭｉｌｔｉｏｒｒｈｉｚａｅｏｎＨｙｐｏｘｉｃＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒａｌＲｅｍｏｄｅｌｉｎｇｏｆＩｎｔｒａ－ａｃｉｎａｒＰｕｌｍｏｎａｒｙＡｒｔｅｒｉｅｓ￥ＸＩＳｉ－ｃ...     

In vivo and in vitro anti-tumour response of selenium-protein polysaccharide extracted from rich selenium Agaricus blazei

In this study, the anti-tumour activity of selenium-protein polysaccharide (SPP), a water extract of the rich selenium Agaricus blazei, was tested both in vivo and in vitro. The results of in vivo experiments show that SPP at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg inhibits proliferation of implanted Sarcoma 180 by 22 and 37.69%, respectively, and promotes lymphocyte transformation and natural killer (NK) cells activity in tumour bearing mice. During the in vitro experiment, we treated the tumour and non-tumour bearing mice with SPP, and prepared serum treated with SPP (Serum_SPP). The results show that Serum_SPP, whether from tumour or non-tumour bearing mice, significantly inhibits K562 cells proliferation and induces their apoptosis, and also significantly increases caspase-3 activity of K562 cells. However, the difference in anti-tumour activity of Serum_SPP between tumour and non-tumour bearing mice is significantly different (p<0.01). The results, according to the studies both in vivo and in vitro, imply that SPP extracted from rich selenium A. blazei can inhibit growth of implanted Sarcoma 180 and promote lymphocyte transformation and NK cells activity in vivo. Additionally, Serum_SPP can inhibit proliferation and cause apoptotic morphological changes and the fragmentation of internucleosomal DNA, and increase caspase-3 activity of K562 cells in vitro, which indicates that apoptosis of K562 cells induced by Serum_SPP may be related to up-regulation of caspase-3.     

经尿道等离子双极汽化电切(TUPKVP)治疗前列腺增生症580例

目的:探讨经尿道等离子前列腺双极汽化电切术(TUPKVP)治疗前列腺增生的效果。方法:回顾性分析580例良性前列腺增生(BPH)患者行TUPKVP的临床资料。结果:中转开放手术2例,切除前列腺组织10~80 g,平均32.5 g。手术时间25~150 min,平均60 min,术中输血10例,无电切综合征(TURS)发生。术后随访2~36个月,患者最大尿流率升高,IPSS症状评分值降低,排尿通畅,疗效好,并发症少。结论:TUPKVP出血少,手术安全,疗效确切,是治疗前列腺增生的有效方法。     

湘西自治州1995～2002年男性劳教人员法定性病监测报告

目的 了解湘西自治州重点人群性病患消长趋势，为性病防治工作提供科学依据。方法 从1995年起，采用统一的表格，每年对湘西州劳教所新入教人员进行一次法定性病监测。结果 三种法定性病平均患病率为14．64％(4．96～26．7％)，以1995年最低，1997年最高，8年未发现HIV／AIDS，患病率以20～39岁的性跃期人群为最高，汉族患病率高于其它民族；化程度越高，患病率越低。结论 男性劳教人员作为性病患病的高危人群，是哨点监测理想的目标人群。     

复方天棘胶囊对老龄鼠血气影响的研究

本研究选用昆明种老龄鼠５０只，随机分为正常对照组、阳性对照组和复方天棘胶囊高、中、低剂量组；每组１０只。观察灌服复方天棘胶囊溶液对实验性老龄鼠血气的影响。结果表明，老龄鼠灌服２．０、１．０和０．５ｇ／ｋｇ体重复方天棘胶囊溶液及５．０ｇ／ｋｇ体重红参水煎液１０天后，复方天棘胶囊各剂量组均有不同程度的升高动脉血氧分压（ＰａＯ＿２）和血氧饱和度（ＳａＯ＿２）的作用；且随剂量的递增，ＰａＯ＿２和ＳａＯ＿２明显升高，其中高剂量组升高ＰａＯ＿２和ＳａＯ＿２的作用最为明显（Ｐ＜０．０１）；红本组ＳａＯ＿２也有明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示复方天棘胶囊具有升高ＰａＯ＿２和ＳａＯ＿２的作用。