The dynamic phase separation behavior in aqueous solutions of poly(N,N‐diethylacrylamide) (PDEA), which is a representative thermoresponsive polymer, is studied using a laser temperature‐jump technique combined with transient photometry, with which the time constant for phase separation can be determined. Two components of the time constant (τfast and τslow) are clearly observed irrespective of the polymer concentration or molecular weight of the PDEA. Such a fast phase separation component (τfast) has never been observed in poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) systems. Furthermore, the slow phase separation process of PDEA is faster than that in a PNIPAM system. It is shown that the fast phase separation process for PDEA originates from polymer aggregates formed even below the cloud point. The phase separation mechanism of PDEA is similar to that of poly (alkyl vinyl ether), rather than PNIPAM.
The FSH receptor (FSHR) gene mutation are rare, but recently have been detected in several cases with primary amenorrhea. We report a 25-year-old female who had primary amenorrhea, moderately developed secondary sex characteristics and normal sized ovaries with small antral follicles. Her ovaries reacted slightly to clomiphene citrate therapy; they did not react to the ordinary dose of human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) (150 IU/day × 9 days), but did react to high-dose hMG (300 IU/day × 6 days) treatment. These ovarian responses to hMG stimulation suggested an FSHR dysfunction of her ovaries. We extracted genomic DNA and analysed FSHR gene sequence after we obtained the written informed consent from the patient under the approval by the Ethics Committee of Yamaguchi Grand Medical Centre and the Yamaguchi University School of Medicine. Direct sequencing revealed a heterozygous mutation 662T?>G resulting in the substitution of valine for glycine at position 221 in exon8 of the FSHR extracellular domain, which was also confirmed by the PCR-RFLP method. The sequencing results also showed two SNPs, 919G?>A (Ala307Thr) and 2039G?>A (Ser680Asn), in exon10. A novel mutation in exon8 of FSHR was identified in a woman with primary amenorrhea whose ovaries reacted to high-dose hMG treatment. 相似文献
We examined the completion rate, safety, and adverse events in patients with T2N0 glottic carcinoma who received chemoradiotherapy with S-1 (tegafur–gimeracil–oteracil potassium).
Methods
In T2N0 glottic carcinoma patients, we retrospectively compared the local control rate and outpatient therapy completion rate between 20 patients who received radiotherapy plus S-1 (S-1 group) and 20 who received radiotherapy alone (RT group).
Results
Local recurrence was not detected in any of the 20 subjects from the S-1 group, whereas local recurrence was found in 4 of the 20 subjects (20%) from the RT group (p < 0.05). Outpatient treatment was completed by 15 of the 20 subjects from the S-1 group and 17 of the 20 subjects from the RT group (p = 0.43).
Conclusion
We investigated chemoradiotherapy with S-1 in patients who had T2N0 glottic carcinoma and found a higher local control rate when compared with radiotherapy alone as well as comparable safety for outpatient delivery. 相似文献
Brain Tumor Pathology - Pineal parenchymal tumors (PPTs) are clinically rare and a biopsy is often required for a definitive diagnosis. To improve the accuracy of histological assessment of PPTs,... 相似文献
The present study aimed to construct a prediction model for axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) using a DNA microarray assay for gene expression in breast tumor tissues. Luminal A breast cancers, diagnosed by PAM50 testing, were analyzed, and a prediction model (genomic nodal index (GNI)) consisting of 292 probe sets for ALNM was constructed in a training set of patients (n = 388), and was validated in the first (n = 59) and the second (n = 103) validation sets. AUCs of ROC were 0.820, 0.717, and 0.749 in the training, first, and second validation sets, respectively. GNI was most significantly associated with ALNM, independently of the other conventional clinicopathological parameters in all cohorts. It is suggested that GNI can be used to identify the patients with a low risk for ALNM so that sentinel lymph node biopsy can be spared safely. 相似文献
This study aimed to determine the risk factors for radiation-induced brain injury (RIBI) after carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) for treating skull base tumors.
Materials and methods
Between April 1997 and January 2009, CIRT at a total dose of 48.0–60.8 Gy equivalent (GyE) was administered in 16 fractions to 47 patients with skull base tumors. Of these patients, 39 who were followed up with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for more than 24 months were analyzed. RIBI was assessed according to the MRI findings based on the Late Effects of Normal Tissue-Subjective, Objective, Management, Analytic criteria; clinical symptoms were assessed according to the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group/European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer tables. The correlations of clinical and dosimetric parameters with incidence of ?grade 2 RIBI were retrospectively analyzed.
Results
The median follow-up period was 67 months. The 5-year actuarial likelihoods of ?grade 2 RIBI and ?grade 2 clinical symptoms were 24.5% and 7.0%, respectively. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the brain volume receiving more than 50 GyE (V50) was a significant risk factor for the development of ?grade 2 RIBI (p = 0.004).
Conclusion
V50 was a significant risk factor for ?grade 2 RIBI after CIRT using a 16-fraction regimen. 相似文献