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171.
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In 1976 a swine influenza vaccine was associated with an increased risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Although subsequent studies did not find an increased risk of GBS following seasonal influenza vaccine, there was concern that the monovalent H1N1 vaccines developed against the swine influenza pandemic of 2009 might increase the risk of GBS. In the UK a split-virion AS03 oil-in-water adjuvanted vaccine (Pandemrix™) was predominantly used. To determine whether the risk of GBS increased after Pandemrix administration, we sought GBS cases during the period of vaccine use from neurologists and a patient support group, and following the vaccination period from hospital episode statistics (HES) in England. We obtained cases’ vaccination histories and illness onset dates from general practitioners. We determined the relative incidence of GBS in the 6 weeks after vaccination using the self-controlled case series method on the cases identified in HES. We included 327 GBS cases, of whom 37 received pandemic vaccine in the study period, nine of whom developed GBS within 6 weeks of vaccination (relative incidence 1.05 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.37 to 2.24]). We found no evidence of an increased risk of GBS in the 6 weeks following pandemic influenza vaccination. 相似文献
173.
Javed Yakoob Wasim Jafri Mohammad Asim Beg Zaigham Abbas Shagufta Naz Muhammad Islam Rustam Khan 《Parasitology research》2010,106(5):1033-1038
Blastocystis hominis is the most common intestinal parasite in humans. An extensive genetic variability has been described recently in B. hominis isolates. The aim of this study was to analyze genotypes of B. hominis isolates obtained from the healthy individuals and patients with irritable bowel syndrome-diarrhea (IBS-D). The patients
with IBS-D were enrolled from gastroenterology outpatient department at the Aga Khan University Hospital. History and physical
examination was done. Stool microscopy, culture, and polymerase chain reaction for B. hominis genotyping were carried out. The study included 158 patients with IBS-D, mean age 41 ± 15, age range 16–83 years, and male/female
ratio of 109:49. One hundred fifty-seven (49.8%) were taken as healthy control. The dominant B. hominis genotypes were genotype 1 in 87 (65%) and type 3 in 49 (37%). In IBS-D, genotype 1 was present in 75 (86%; P < 0.001) compared to 12 (14%) in controls while type 3 was present in 23 (47%) compared to 26 (53%) in controls (P < 0.001), respectively. Infection with single genotype of B. hominis was present in 70 (73%) with IBS-D and in 26 (27%) in control group while with multiple genotypes in 25 (64%) in IBS-D and
14 (36%) in control group (P = 0.30), respectively. Majority of our patients had typeable B. hominis infection. The genotype of B. hominis in IBS-D was type 1 while in control genotype 3 was predominant. 相似文献
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175.
Chistiakov DA Savost'anov KV Turakulov RI Efremov IA Demurov LM 《Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)》2006,118(2-3):233-242
In this study, we evaluated the A/G(-1661), C/T(-318), A/G49 and A/G6230 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) gene for association with Graves' disease (GD) in 126 Russian simplex families. The conditional TDT analysis revealed significant overtransmission of the A(-1661)G(-318) haplotype (P = 0.033) and undertransmission of the GT haplotype (P = 0.0043) from parents homozygous for both +49 and +6230 polymorphisms. Parents homozygous for both (-1661) and (-318) markers significantly overtransmitted the G49G6230 haplotype (P = 0.0013) and undertransmitted the AG haplotype (P = 0.035) to affected offspring. This suggests in favor of the independent genetic effects of the 3' and 5'ends of CTLA-4 in conferring the susceptibility to GD. Both SNPs located at the 5' untranslated region of CTLA-4 were functionally analyzed using the luciferase reporter assay. We observed differential activation of the C/T(-318) promoter variant when Jurkat T cells and HeLa cells were cotransfected with a plasmid expressing lymphoid enhancing factor 1 (LEF1) and various CTLA-4 promoter constructs. The (-318) SNP modifies a putative binding site for LEF1 so that it alters the stimulating effect of LEF1 on the expression ability of the CTLA-4 promoter. The (-1661) dimorphism modifies a potential binding site for myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2). No significant correlation between the (-1661) SNP and MEF2 activity in cotransfection experiments was found. Observed data help for further understanding a functional role of CTLA-4 promoter polymorphisms in the pathogenic mechanism of GD. 相似文献
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178.
Alexander Kalinenko Pavel Dolzhenko Yulia Borisova Sergey Malopheyev Sergey Mironov Rustam Kaibyshev 《Materials》2022,15(23)
An approach was proposed to optimize dissimilar friction stir lap welding of aluminum and titanium alloys. The basic concept of the new technique included (i) the plunging of the welding tool solely into the aluminum part (i.e., no direct contact with the titanium side) and (ii) the welding at a relatively high-heat input condition. It was shown that sound welds could be readily produced using an ordinary cost-effective tool, with no tool abrasion and no dispersion of harmful titanium fragments within the aluminum side. Moreover, the intermetallic layer was found to be as narrow as ~0.1 µm, thus giving rise to excellent bond strength between aluminum and titanium. On the other hand, several important shortcomings were also revealed. First of all, the high-heat input condition provided significant microstructural changes in the aluminum part, thereby resulting in essential material softening. Furthermore, the new approach was not feasible in the case of highly alloyed aluminum alloys due to the relatively low rate of self-diffusion in these materials. An essential issue was also a comparatively narrow processing window. 相似文献
179.
Samy Hadjadj Pierre-Jean Saulnier Yue Ruan Xu Zhu Renee Pekmezaris Michel Marre Jean Michel Halimi Matthieu Wargny Rustam Rea Pierre Gourdy Bertrand Cariou Alyson K. Myers Kamlesh Khunti for the CORONADO the ABCD COVID- diabetes national audit AMERICADO investigators 《Diabetes, obesity & metabolism》2023,25(1):78-88
180.
Benjamin C. T. Field PhD Yue Ruan PhD Kinga A. Várnai MSc Jim Davies DPhil Robert E. J. Ryder MD Rajiv Gandhi MD Sophie Harris PhD Dinesh Nagi PhD Dipesh Patel PhD Punith Kempegowda PhD Sarah H. Wild PhD Emma G. Wilmot PhD Kamlesh Khunti PhD Rustam Rea MD Parth Narendran PhD the ABCD COVID- Audit Group 《Diabetes, obesity & metabolism》2023,25(7):2012-2022