Heart Rate Variability in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: What Is the Role of Residual Renal Function?

Background: The relationship between heart rate variability (HRV) and residual renal function (RRF) has not been elucidated previously. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, HRV was evaluated in 71 peritoneal dialysis patients. Patients were divided into RRF decline group, RRF stable group and anuric group. Results: RRF was negatively correlated with SDNN (r = -0.284, p = 0.017), TP (r = -0.247, p = 0.039), and HF (r = -0.238, p = 0.047). Significant sympathetic nerve activation was found in the RRF decline group (significantly lower SDNN, SDSD, RMSSD, pNN50, LF, HF, TP and higher LF/HF ratio) as compared to the RRF stable and anuric groups. Besides, significantly parasympathetic activation was found in the anuric group (the lowest LF/HF ratio as compared to the other groups (both p < 0.05). Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that the status of RRF was an independent factor associated with HRV parameters. Conclusion: This study showed autonomic nervous function in peritoneal dialysis patients was associated with a different status of RRF.     

Clinicopathological and Ultrasonic Features of Triple-Negative Breast Cancers: A Comparison with Hormone Receptor-Positive/Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2-Negative Breast Cancers

The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinicopathological and ultrasound characteristics of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) and compare these findings with those for hormone receptor-positive (HR-positive)/human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-negative (HER-2-negative) tumors. Seventy-five TNBCs and 135 HR-positive/HER-2-negative breast cancers were reviewed. Data from conventional ultrasound, Doppler vascularity and elastography were included in the analysis. TNBCs had a higher histologic grade and Ki-67 level. On ultrasound, TNBCs often appeared as microlobulated, markedly hypo-echoic masses with an abrupt interface boundary, posterior acoustic enhancement, absence of calcifications and more characteristics of surrounding tissue. Results from multivariate regression analysis revealed that margin, posterior acoustic features and surrounding tissue features of tumors were independent predictive factors in differentiating TNBCs from HR-positive/HER-2-negative tumors. Our results suggest that a thorough evaluation of sonographic findings might be useful in discriminating between TNBCs and HR-positive/HER-2-negative tumors, which may provide accurate evidence for clinical early diagnosis.     

What is the Psychosocial Impact of Disasters? A Meta-Analysis

The psychosocial impact concept improves the understanding of the effects of disasters on people and communities. However, its definition is not clear. This work explores consistencies between studies (k = 21) that refer to the psychosocial impact of disasters by way of a meta-analytic synthesis. This synthesis indicates that people are more prone to illness when they are exposed to a disaster, and less when they are protected (OR = 2.737). Please check the change conveys the intended meaning or amend Nevertheless, there are no differences in healthy responses, regardless of how protected or exposed they are (OR = 1.053). Finally, a model is proposed to explain four types of psychosocial impact: resilient, traumatic, sensitive, witness.     

Dopamine D2 Modulation of Sign and Goal Tracking in Rats

In Pavlovian conditioning, sign- and goal-tracking behaviors represent different approaches towards the conditioned stimulus. These behavioral patterns have been associated with predictive or incentive properties of the conditioned stimulus, with a crucial involvement of the mesolimbic dopamine system. As it is possible that sign tracking behavior is more sensitive to dopamine modulation, we evaluated the dopamine-dependence of sign- and goal-tracking behavior. We assessed responses to both a D2 agonist and an antagonist, and tested performance in a behavioral paradigm known to activate dopamine projections and in an animal model that affects mesolimbic and mesocortical function. Sign trackers displayed a greater sensitivity to a D2 agonist and smaller prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response than goal trackers, suggesting a reduced inhibitory ability. In addition, a neonatal ventral hippocampal lesion resulted in the loss of incentive salience of cues in sign trackers. Overall, these data indicate that sign-tracking behavior is more heavily controlled by dopamine than goal tracking.     

高频超声对儿童回结肠型与小肠型肠套叠的鉴别诊断价值

【】SObjectiveS To study the value of high-frequency ultrasound in differentiating ileocolon type from small intestinal intussusception in children.SMethods. Retrospective analysis of the clinical and ultrasound data of 155 children with single acute gastroenteritis diagnosed and treated in our hospital from June 2016 to June 2017,103 cases of ileocolonic intussusception and 52 cases of intestinal intussusception; The clinical features, diameter of intussusception, thickness of fat nucleus, thickness of outer intestinal wall and lymph nodes in the sleeve were summarized and statistically analyzed.Results 155 cases of intussusception (104 males and 51 females, average age 25.6 months (3 months-13 years), ileoccolic intussusception in 103 cases (66.5%), intestinal intussusception in 52 cases (33.5%));The mean diameter of ileocolonic intussusception was 3.08 ±0.35 cm, the average thickness of lipid-nucleus was 1.42 ±0.36 cm, and the thickness of outer intestinal wall was 0.6 ±0.13 cm. The nuclear -wall index was more than 1, and the lymph nodes were included in the sleeve in 92 cases (89. 3%) ,The mean diameter of intestinal intussusception was 1.78 ±0.39 cm, the average thickness of fat nucleus was 0.1 ±0.24 cm, and the thickness of outer intestinal wall was 0.41 ±0.11 cm. The nuclear- wall index was less than 1, and the lymph nodes in the sleeve were 13. 5% (P < 0. 01); Ileocolic intussusception more severe clinical symptoms, accompanied with vomiting, bloody diarrhea, high blood.ConclusionSThe diameter , thickness of fat , the thickness of the outer casing , the nuclear - wall index , the presence or absence of lymph nodes in the sleeve were of great value to the differential diagnosis of the ileocolic intussuscepted and small intestine intusses .