小儿24h食道pH及压力同步测定中两种置管方法的比较

目的探讨适用于小儿24h食道pH及压力同步动态监测的置管方法。方法根据患儿或家长选择置管方法分为两组,19例采用传统方法为常规组,39例采用患儿坐在家长前,身体紧贴家长,用0.5%麻黄素涂于鼻腔黏膜,再用2%盐酸利多卡因喷入鼻腔局部的方法为新方法组。重点分析的指标有插管次数、操作时间和插管引起并发症的例数。结果新方法组在插管次数、操作时间和并发症等明显低于常规组。两组比较经统计学处理有显著性差异,P<0.05或P<0.01。结论操作前在鼻腔局部使用麻黄素和利多卡因及采用坐位是较适合小儿的插管方法。     

生物流体敷料膜治疗皮肤创伤的观察及护理

目的探讨生物流体敷料膜涂敷治疗皮肤创伤的疗效。方法对82例皮肤创伤患者按抽签法随机分为治疗组和常规组各41例,创面均做常规清洗。治疗组采用生物流体敷料膜涂敷治疗,常规组采用外科常规方法处理。观察两组皮肤创伤的治愈率和治愈时间。结果两组皮肤创伤患者均治愈。治疗组创面愈合时间为(6.4±2.5)d,而常规组为(7.9±4.1)d,疗程显著短于常规组,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论应用生物流体敷料膜治疗皮肤创伤,方法简便可行,可明显缩短治疗时间。     

核仁形成区蛋白变化与白血病疗效及预后判断的临床观察

对７８例急性白血病和慢性粒细胞白血病患者于化疗前后取其骨髓细胞，应用Ｈｏｗｅｌ一步法［１］嗜银染技术观察其核仁形成区蛋白颗粒（ＡｇＮＯＲｓ）数目及形态变化，并与２２例非血液肿瘤疾病进行对照．结果：急性白血病组及慢性粒细胞白血病组在未缓解期其ＡｇＮＯＲｓ数目明显高于缓解期组（Ｐ＜００１），且颗粒粗大，呈弥散型及巨块型；而已缓解期患者ＡｇＮＯＲｓ数较对照组仍明显增多（Ｐ＜００５）．提示：ＡｇＮＯＲｓ可作为白血病疗效判断、估计预后的一项指标     

佛波酯对人胃癌细胞肿瘤坏死因子受体的调节

为探讨佛波酯对胃癌细胞肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ）受体的调变机制。以标记的肿瘤坏死因子突变体为配体，用放射配体结合分析法和ＭＴＴ比色法研究了佛波酯对ＴＮＦ受体的调节以及对肿瘤坏死因子突变体（ＴＮＦ－ｍ）细胞毒效应的影响。结果表明：佛波酯可导致胃癌细胞（ＳＧＣ７９０１）表面ＴＮＦ受体数显著减少（由０．５６×１０－１１ｎｍｏｌ／细胞，下降到０．２５×１０－１１ｎｍｏｌ／细胞，Ｐ＜０．０１），而对受体的亲和力无影响；佛波酯不影响ＴＮＦ－ｍ的内化率、降解率和解离率，佛波酯也不改变胞浆ＴＮＦ受体数目；佛波酯处理后的ＳＧＣ７９０１细胞对肿瘤坏死因子突变体（ＴＮＦ－ｍ）的耐受性显著增强。去除佛波酯后１２ｈ，ＴＮＦ受体可恢复８０％，其恢复率与胰酶处理组相似。从而提示：佛波酯可能通过清除膜ＴＮＦ受体而使ＴＮＦ受体下调并抑制ＴＮＦ－ｍ的细胞毒效应     

我国高等中医药院校学科布局存在的问题与改革思路

学科布局及其院系设置是高等教育中的基本结构性问题。分析了我国中医药院校的学科布局和院系设置所存在的基础学科大而薄弱、聚类混乱、定位不清等普遍性问题,提出了合并重组学科群、调整学院设置等改革的思路。     

Toxic role of K+ channel oxidation in mammalian brain

Potassium (K(+)) channels are essential to neuronal signaling and survival. Here we show that these proteins are targets of reactive oxygen species in mammalian brain and that their oxidation contributes to neuropathy. Thus, the KCNB1 (Kv2.1) channel, which is abundantly expressed in cortex and hippocampus, formed oligomers upon exposure to oxidizing agents. These oligomers were ～10-fold more abundant in the brain of old than young mice. Oxidant-induced oligomerization of wild-type KCNB1 enhanced apoptosis in neuronal cells subject to oxidative insults. Consequently, a KCNB1 variant resistant to oxidation, obtained by mutating a conserved cysteine to alanine, (C73A), was neuroprotective. The fact that oxidation of KCNB1 is toxic, argues that this mechanism may contribute to neuropathy in conditions characterized by high levels of oxidative stress, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Accordingly, oxidation of KCNB1 channels was exacerbated in the brain of a triple transgenic mouse model of AD (3xTg-AD). The C73A variant protected neuronal cells from apoptosis induced by incubation with β-amyloid peptide (Aβ(1-42)). In an invertebrate model (Caenorhabditis elegans) that mimics aspects of AD, a C73A-KCNB1 homolog (C113S-KVS-1) protected specific neurons from apoptotic death induced by ectopic expression of human Aβ(1-42). Together, these data underscore a novel mechanism of toxicity in neurodegenerative disease.     

Hsp70 promotes TNF-mediated apoptosis by binding IKK gamma and impairing NF-kappa B survival signaling

The major heat shock protein, Hsp70, can protect against cell death by directly interfering with mitochondrial apoptosis pathways. However, Hsp70 also sensitizes cells to certain apoptotic stimuli like TNF. Little is known about how Hsp70 enhances apoptosis. We demonstrate here that Hsp70 promotes TNF killing by specifically binding the coiled-coil domain of I kappa B kinase gamma (IKK gamma) to inhibit IKK activity and consequently inhibit NF-kappa B-dependent antiapoptotic gene induction. An IKK gamma mutant, which interacts with Hsp70, competitively inhibits the Hsp70-IKK gamma interaction and relieves heat-mediated NF-kappa B suppression. Depletion of Hsp70 expression with RNA interference rescues TNF-mediated cell death. Although TNF may or may not be sufficient to trigger apoptosis on its own, TNF-triggered apoptosis was initiated or made worse when Hsp70 expression increased to high levels to disrupt NF-kappa B signaling. These results provide significant novel insights into the molecular mechanism for the pro-apoptotic behavior of Hsp70 in death-receptor-mediated cell death.     

某校大学生家庭教养方式与竞争态度的相关研究

目的 考察某校大学生的竞争态度以及家庭教养方式的基本情况,了解大学生竞争态度与家庭教养方式的相关关系.方法 采用父母教养方式问卷(EMBU)、竞争态度量表(中国版)对某校251名大学生进行调查.结果 在父亲的教养方式中,情感温暖因子与良性竞争态度得分呈显著正相关(r=0.195,P<0.01),惩罚和严厉因子、拒绝否认...     

胎儿先天性心脏病多个相关基因SNP位点突变的初步研究

目的研究多个先天性心脏病相关基因SNP位点与胎儿复杂先天性心脏病发生的关系。方法选取2011年6月至2013年3月于北京大学人民医院妊娠中期或晚期超声胎儿系统筛查诊断为先天性心血管畸形并行脐静脉穿刺者为先心组共30例,终止妊娠前行脐静脉穿刺留取胎儿脐血3～5ml,同时留取胎儿父母静脉血3～5ml。按1：2随机选取同时期正常分娩病例60例作为对照,分娩时留取脐静脉血3～5ml。所有留取静脉血均提取基因组DNA,检测所选择60个基因位点突变情况。结果本研究发现突变位点主要集中在TBX20、GATA4、GATA6、GL11、CRELD15个基因中,它们可能是北京附近人群的高突变基因。GL11基因2101G〉A的杂合突变结果具有统计学意义,且与父母遗传相关性小,提示该基因位点的突变可能与先心病的发病密切相关。结论北京附近人群的高突变基因为TBX20、GATA4、GATA6、GL11、CRELD1,GL11基因2101G〉A的杂合突变可能与先心病的发病相关度较高。多突变位点联合作用是否增加先心病发病风险还需扩大样本进一步研究。