拟胆碱药物对赛拉嗪镇静效应的拮抗作用

以小鼠为实验对象,观察了拟胆碱药物对赛拉嗪镇静效应的影响,催醒宁(0.25～1.0mg·kg^-1),溴代胆碱(100～300 mg·kg^-1)以及槟榔碱(1.0～5.0 mg·kg^-1),均可显著拮抗赛拉嗪的镇静效应。催醒宁(0.25 mg·kg^-1和密胆碱(3μg icv)分别使赛拉嗪镇静效应量效曲线显著右移和左移。结果提示,赛拉嗪对中枢胆碱能系统功能产生抑制作用,在拮抗赛拉嗪镇静,以及赛拉嗪复合麻醉的催醒方面,催醒宁可能有潜在的应用价值。     

Plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide in patients with cirrhosis.

Plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide, a recently identified cardiac hormone with natriuretic activity, were measured in 11 healthy subjects, 13 cirrhotic patients without ascites, 18 nonazotemic cirrhotic patients with ascites and 6 patients with cirrhosis, ascites and functional kidney failure. Plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide were similar in healthy subjects and cirrhotic patients without ascites (5.56 +/- 0.65 and 7.66 +/- 0.68 fmol/ml, respectively). In contrast, cirrhotic patients with ascites, with and without functional kidney failure, had significantly higher plasma concentrations of brain natriuretic peptide (19.56 +/- 1.37 and 16.00 +/- 1.91 fmol/ml, respectively) than did healthy subjects and patients without ascites (p less than 0.01); no significant difference was found between the two groups of cirrhotic patients with ascites with respect to this parameter. In the whole group of cirrhotic patients included in the study, brain natriuretic peptide level was directly correlated with the degree of impairment of liver and kidney function, plasma renin activity and plasma levels of aldosterone and atrial natriuretic peptide. The results of this study indicate that brain natriuretic peptide is increased in cirrhotic patients with ascites and suggest that sodium retention in cirrhosis is not due to deficiency of this novel cardiac hormone.     

False radiographic appearance of a right bronchial stump following extended right pneumonectomy.

The authors describe three cases in which postoperative frontal chest radiographs following extended right pneumonectomy showed a right hilar lucency producing the false appearance of a residual main bronchus that is shown by additional studies to represent a dilated esophagus.