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Evaluating hypertrophic thyroidectomy scar outcomes after treatment with triamcinolone injections and copper bromide laser therapy
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Influence of oxygen tension on the viscoelastic behavior of red blood cells in sickle cell disease 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Although the rheological behavior of sickle cell suspensions and of hemoglobin S solutions is known to be strongly dependent on oxygen tension (PO2), little data exist concerning the influence of PO2 on the viscoelasticity of individual HbSS RBC. We have used micropipette aspiration techniques to test the deformation response of both HbSS and control HbAA RBC over a wide range of PO2 at 23 degrees C. Sickled, spiculed HbSS cells were present for PO2 approximately less than 35 mm Hg; for a number of these cells, the deformation response was essentially elastic and an effective membrane rigidity (EMR) was calculated. EMR increased with decreasing PO2 and was approximately 5 to 50 times higher than the equivalent rigidity of oxygenated HbSS RBC. In addition, the rate of membrane deformation was very slow for sickled cells; the half-time for the deformation process increased as PO2 was lowered and was about two orders of magnitude longer than the equivalent time for normal RBC. Other sickled cells exhibited plastic deformation when subjected to comparable deforming forces and experienced irreversible membrane deformation and budding. At all PO2 levels tested, some HbSS RBC remained as discocytes; these cells had normal membrane elasticity and membrane viscosity. Furthermore, changes in PO2 did not affect the membrane properties of HbAA RBC. Thus, gross abnormalities in the deformation response of HbSS RBC were only detected after morphological sickling had occurred. These abnormalities most likely arose from changes in the cytoplasmic HbS viscoelasticity and, if present in vivo, would be expected to impair the flow of HbSS cells in the microcirculation. 相似文献
87.
Alloimmunization to platelets in heavily transfused patients with sickle cell disease 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is now an option for some patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Many SCD patients are multiply transfused with red blood cells (RBCs), and may be immunized to alloantigens other than erythrocyte antigens. Because platelet refractoriness is a significant complication during BMT, we wished to determine the prevalence of alloimmunization to platelets in transfused SCD patients. Sera collected from 47 transfused and 14 untransfused SCD patients were screened for HLA and platelet-specific antibodies. Transfusion and RBC antibody histories were reviewed. A subset of the patients were rescreened 1 year later. Eighty-five percent of patients with at least 50 RBC transfusions (22 of 26), 48% of patients with less than 50 transfusions (10 of 21), and none of 14 untransfused patients demonstrated platelet alloimmunization (P < .05). Platelet alloimmunization was more prevalent than RBC alloimmunization (20% to 30%). Half of the platelet reactivity was chloroquine-elutable. Eighteen of 22 patients (82%) on chronic RBC transfusion remained platelet-alloimmunized 11 to 22 months after initial testing. In summary, 85% of heavily transfused SCD patients are alloimmunized to HLA and/or platelet-specific antigens. These patients may be refractory to platelet transfusion, a condition that would increase their risk during BMT. Leukodepletion in the transfusion support of SCD patients should be considered to prevent platelet alloimmunization. 相似文献
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Hyun-Suk Park Jin Kim Hyo-Lyun Roh Seung Namkoong 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(12):3651-3654
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to ergonomically evaluate the work posture of
dentists to examine their subsequent risk of developing musculoskeletal diseases.
[Subjects and Methods] Scenes in which the three dentists performed procedures at their
dental clinics were videotaped. The videotapes of the dentists’ work postures were
evaluated and analyzed by using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) and Quick Exposure
Check (QEC). [Results] The RULA analysis of the dentists’ work posture indicated,
“improvement required” in the posture used to treat the anterior and “instant improvement
required” in the posture used to treat the maxillary second molar. Of all the work
postures studied, the risk was considered particularly high in the lower back and neck,
implying prominent problems in these body parts. The QEC analysis showed that the worst
work posture was that required to treat the maxillary second molar, which led to a high
risk of neck problems and vibrations. [Conclusion] The neck area has the highest risk of
developing musculoskeletal disease. Hence, regular rests and the provision of information
regarding muscle strengthening exercise for the neck are necessary.Key words: Dentists, Ergonomic evaluation, Musculoskeletal diseases 相似文献
90.
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the activation of the
affected lower limb on balance and the trunk hemiplegic mobility of stroke patients.
[Subjects] The gait group (GG) consisted of 6 subjects with hemiplegia and the non-gait
group (NGG) consisted of 6 hemiplegic subjects. [Methods] The subjects in both groups were
given foot facilitation training once for 30 min. The Spinal Mouse was used to measure the
spinal alignment and the Berg balance scale (BBS) and sensory tests were also performed.
[Results] In the GG, the sacral hip in upright to flexion, the lumbar spine in upright to
extension, and the sacral hip and lumbar spine in flexion to extension showed significant
increases in their angles after the intervention. In addition, there was a significant
increase in the angle of the lumbar spine during extension from an upright position in the
NGG. The BBS scores of both groups also increased significantly. [Conclusion] The
intervention resulted in improvements in the angle of anterior pelvic tilt in the GG, and
subjects in the NGG showed more extension of the thorax, which was regarded as
compensation to avoid falling forward when flexing from an upright position. However, when
extending backward from an upright position, both groups tended to control balance by
using more lumbar flexion to keep the center of mass (COM) within the base of support
(BOS). Both groups had better BBS scores.Key words: Balance, Stroke, Trunk 相似文献