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91.
G Harry Van Lenthe Marieke M. M. Willems Nico Verdonschot Maarten C De Waal Malefijt Rik Huiskes 《Acta orthopaedica》2002,73(6):630-637
Although the revision rates for modern knee prostheses have decreased drastically, the total number of revisions a year is increasing because many more primary knee replacements are being done. At the time of revision, bone loss is common, which compromises prosthetic stability. To improve stability, intramedullary stems are often used. The aim of this study was to estimate the effects of a stem, its diameter and the interface bonding conditions on patterns of the bone remodeling in the distal femur.
We created finite element models of the distal half of a femur in which 4 types of knee prostheses were placed. The bone remodeling process was simulated using a strain-adaptive bone remodeling theory. The amount of such remodeling was determined by calculating the changes in bone mineral density in 9 regions of interest from simulated DEXA scans.
The computer simulation model showed that revision prostheses tend to cause more bone resorption than primary ones, especially in the most distal regions. Predicted long-term bone loss due to a revision prosthesis with a thin stem equalled that around a prosthesis with an intercondylar box. However, strong regional differences were found- the stemmed prostheses having more bone loss in the most distal areas and some bone gain in the more proximal ones. A prosthesis with a thick stem led to an increase in bone loss. When the prosthesis-cement interface was bonded, more bone loss was predicted than with an unbonded interface. These results suggest that a stem which increases stability initially may reduce stability in the long term. This is due to an increase in stress shielding and bone resorption. 相似文献
We created finite element models of the distal half of a femur in which 4 types of knee prostheses were placed. The bone remodeling process was simulated using a strain-adaptive bone remodeling theory. The amount of such remodeling was determined by calculating the changes in bone mineral density in 9 regions of interest from simulated DEXA scans.
The computer simulation model showed that revision prostheses tend to cause more bone resorption than primary ones, especially in the most distal regions. Predicted long-term bone loss due to a revision prosthesis with a thin stem equalled that around a prosthesis with an intercondylar box. However, strong regional differences were found- the stemmed prostheses having more bone loss in the most distal areas and some bone gain in the more proximal ones. A prosthesis with a thick stem led to an increase in bone loss. When the prosthesis-cement interface was bonded, more bone loss was predicted than with an unbonded interface. These results suggest that a stem which increases stability initially may reduce stability in the long term. This is due to an increase in stress shielding and bone resorption. 相似文献
92.
93.
de Swart RL van den Hoogen BG Kuiken T Herfst S van Amerongen G Yüksel S Sprong L Osterhaus AD 《Vaccine》2007,25(51):8518-8528
Human metapneumovirus (hMPV), a member of the family Paramyxoviridae, is an important cause of acute respiratory tract disease. In the 1960s, vaccination with formalin-inactivated paramyxovirus preparations--respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and measles virus (MV)--resulted in predisposition for enhanced disease upon natural infection. We have produced a formalin-inactivated hMPV preparation (FI-hMPV), which was used to immunize young cynomolgus macaques. Six days after challenge FI-hMPV-primed monkeys had developed eosinophilic bronchitis and bronchiolitis, indicative of a hypersensitivity response. This study indicates that formalin-inactivated hMPV vaccines have the same propensity to predispose for immune-mediated disease as inactivated RSV and MV vaccines. 相似文献
94.
Ruperto N Nikishina I Pachanov ED Shachbazian Y Prieur AM Mouy R Joos R Zulian F Schwarz R Artamonova V Emminger W Bandeira M Buoncompagni A Foeldvari I Falcini F Baildam E Kone-Paut I Alessio M Gerloni V Lenhardt A Martini A Hanft G Sigmund R Simianer S;Pediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organization 《Arthritis and rheumatism》2005,52(2):563-572
OBJECTIVE: In an international, multicenter, double-blind, randomized clinical trial we evaluated the short-term (3 months) and long-term (12 months) efficacy and safety of 2 different doses of meloxicam oral suspension compared with the efficacy and safety of naproxen oral suspension in children with oligoarticular-course (oligo-course) or polyarticular-course (poly-course) juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). METHODS: Children ages 2-16 years who had active oligo-course or poly-course JIA and who required therapy with a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug were eligible for this trial. Patients were randomly allocated to receive therapy with meloxicam oral suspension, 0.125 mg/kg body weight in a single daily dose; meloxicam oral suspension, 0.25 mg/kg body weight in a single daily dose; or naproxen, 10 mg/kg body weight in 2 daily doses. The trial drugs were administered in a double-blind, double-dummy design for up to 12 months. Response rates were determined according to the American College of Rheumatology pediatric 30% improvement criteria (ACR pediatric 30). Safety parameters were assessed by evaluating the frequency of adverse events in the 3 groups. RESULTS: Of 232 patients enrolled, 225 received treatment, 6 were not eligible for randomization, and 1 randomized patient was not treated. One hundred eighty-two patients (81%) completed the 12-month treatment period. Response rates according to the ACR pediatric 30 criteria improved from month 3 to month 12, as follows: from 63% to 77% in the meloxicam 0.125 mg/kg group, from 58% to 76% in the meloxicam 0.25 mg/kg group, and from 64% to 74% in the naproxen group. No statistically significant differences in response rates were observed between the groups. There were no differences in the frequency of adverse events or abnormal laboratory values between the 3 groups. CONCLUSION: The short- and long-term safety and efficacy of meloxicam oral suspension appear to be comparable with the safety and efficacy of naproxen oral suspension in the treatment of oligo-course and poly-course JIA. The once-daily administration of meloxicam oral suspension might represent an improvement in the treatment of JIA. 相似文献
95.
Maria À Cebrià i Iranzo Robin Vos Geert M. Verleden Rik Gosselink Daniel Langer 《Archivos de bronconeumología》2019,55(5):239-245
Introduction
Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome (BOS) is a debilitating disease with limited treatment options that threatens both the quality of life and long-term survival of lung transplant (LTx) recipients. This retrospective longitudinal case–control study was performed to compare the long-term functional evolution of LTx recipients with and without BOS.Methods
Twenty-four LTx recipients with BOS (BOS=Cases) and 24 without BOS (NON-BOS=Controls) were selected and individually matched according to age, gender, diagnosis and LTx characteristics. Measurements of 6-minute walking distance (6MWD), symptoms of dyspnea (BORG CR-10 scale), and comprehensive pulmonary function testing were performed before LTx and at annual follow-up assessments after LTx.Results
Peak FEV1 after LTx was similar in both groups [FEV1 (% predicted) 101 ± 25 vs. 101 ± 31, p = 0.96] and BOS diagnosis in cases was established 3.6 ± 2.5 years after LTx. At the final follow-up assessment (6.5 ± 3.2 years after LTx) FEV1 (% predicted) was 86 ± 34 in NON-BOS vs. 44 ± 17 in BOS (p < 0.001). Evolution of 6MWD was different between groups (group by time interaction: p = 0.002). Borg dyspnea scores were also significantly different between groups at the final evaluation (NON-BOS 3.3 ± 1.7 vs. BOS 5.0 ± 2.2; p = 0.024).Conclusions
We observed gradual reductions in functional exercise capacity and increasing symptoms of dyspnea in patients who developed BOS after LTx. As such, prospective studies seem warranted to explore whether rehabilitative interventions might be useful to improve symptoms and slow down deterioration of exercise capacity in these patients from the onset of BOS. 相似文献96.
Dessy Rachmawati B. Mary E. von Blomberg Cornelis J. Kleverlaan Rik J. Scheper Ingrid M.W. van Hoogstraten 《The Journal of prosthetic dentistry》2017,117(5):677-684
Statement of problem
Oral metal exposure has been associated with systemic and local adverse reactions, probably due to elemental release from the alloys. Although supraphysiological concentrations of salts from dentally applied metals can activate innate cells through TLR4 (Ni, Co, Pd) and TLR3 (Au), whether direct exposure to solid alloys can also trigger innate immune reactivity is still unknown.Purpose
The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine whether dental cast alloy specimens can activate innate cells and influence their responsiveness to bacterial endotoxin.Material and methods
Human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDC) and THP-1 cells were cultured on top of different alloy specimens (Ni-Cr, Co-Cr, Pd-Cu, Pd-Ag, Ti-6Al-4V, amalgam, gold, and stainless steel) or in alloy-exposed culture medium with or without endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]; Escherichia coli 055:B5). Interleukin-8 (IL-8) production was used as the parameter for innate stimulation and evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after 24 hours of culture. The statistical significance of the effects of various casting alloys on the secretion of IL-8 was analyzed by using the nonparametric Wilcoxon rank sum test (α=.05).Results
Dental cast alloys induced IL-8 production in MoDC and THP-1 cells, with Au and Pd-Cu providing the strongest stimulation. The alloy-exposed culture media tested contained sufficient stimulatory metal ions to induce detectable IL-8 production in THP-1 cells, except for the Ni-Cr and stainless steel exposed media. Au and Pd-Cu alloys were also most effective in potentiating LPS responsiveness as measured by IL-8 production.Conclusions
Using an in vitro culture system to expose MoDC and THP-1 cells to different alloy specimens this study showed that contact with the solid alloys, in particular when they contain Pd or Au, can trigger innate immune responses and augment responsiveness to bacterial endotoxin. 相似文献97.
Glynis Frans Jutte van der Werff Ten Bosch Leen Moens Rik Gijsbers Majid Changi-Ashtiani Hassan Rokni-Zadeh Mohammad Shahrooei Greet Wuyts Isabelle Meyts Xavier Bossuyt 《Journal of clinical immunology》2017,37(8):801-810
Hypomorphic IKBKG mutations in males are typically associated with anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency (EDA-ID). Some mutations cause immunodeficiency without EDA (NEMO-ID). The immunological profile associated with these NEMO-ID variants is not fully documented. We present a 2-year-old patient with suspected immunodeficiency in which a hemizygous p.Glu57Lys IKBKG variant was identified. At the age of 1 year, he had an episode of otitis media that evolved into a bilateral mastoiditis (Pseudomonas spp). Hypogammaglobulinemia, specific (polysaccharide) antibody deficiency, and low switched memory B cell subsets were noticed. The mother was heterozygous for the variant but had no signs of incontinentia pigmenti. Patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells produced low amounts of IL-6 after stimulation with IL-1β, Pam3CSK4, and FSL-1. In patient fibroblasts, IκB-α was degraded normally upon stimulation with IL-1β or TNF-α. Transduction of wild-type and variant NEMO in NEMO?/? deficient SV40 fibroblasts revealed a slight but significant reduction of IL-6 production upon stimulation with IL-1β and TNF-α. In conclusion, we demonstrated that p.Glu57Lys leads to specific immunological defects in vitro. No other pathogenic PID variants were identified through whole exome sequencing. As rare polymorphisms have been described in IKBKG and polygenic inheritance remains an option in the presented case, this study emphasizes the need for thorough functional and genetic evaluation when encountering and interpreting suspected disease-causing NEMO-ID variants. 相似文献
98.
The introduction of anti-tumor necrosis factor strategies has significantly changed the perspective and outcome of patients with ankylosing spondylitis and related spondyloarthritides. This breakthrough has also boosted further research efforts into the mechanisms of disease. As human tissue specimens of the spine and sacroiliac joints are very difficult to obtain and rarely allow mechanistic studies, most of the new concepts have emerged from different animal models of disease. In this review, we summarize insights into the role of HLA-B27 based on transgenic rat and mouse models, efforts into the identification of cell populations stimulating inflammation and molecular studies of pathological bone formation leading to ankylosis. Important progress has been made and novel hypotheses were put forward. These include the impact of HLA-B27 on endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response, the role of stromal cells in inflammation, the entheseal stress hypothesis and the identification of the bone morphogenetic protein and WNT signaling pathways as therapeutic targets for ankylosis. 相似文献
99.
This article aims to understand the effects of rationalized health programs (the basic components of which are efficiency, calculability, predictability and control) on local practices. We discuss how a successful U.S. intervention in preventive youth health care (the Nurse Family Partnership) has been translated and adapted within a Dutch setting. The Dutch version of the program is called 'PreCare'. The empirical analysis highlights the effects of rationalized health programs on local practices, in terms of the amount of work required, how local practices are disciplined, how these programs (re)draw boundaries, the 'travel expenditures' involved (and developed 'coping strategies'), and how local practices (try to) reshape the program. Our empirical analysis builds on a combination of qualitative methods. We conducted 16 semi-structured interviews with 19 people involved in the PreCare program. The majority of the interviews were conducted between July and November 2008. We also conducted an analysis of relevant documents related to the PreCare intervention and protocol. Furthermore, we observed at several meetings, including case conferences and management intervision meetings. The article makes a theoretical and practical contribution to the field. Theoretically, we show how the rationalization process is linked to a broader development of quantification and how both developments are based on a particularly modern ontology and epistemology in which what is considered 'real' and 'knowledgeable' becomes closely tied to what is measurable. The article offers a different conceptualization of rationalized health programs, one that acknowledges the need to standardize some elements, but also recognizes the need to be open and flexible toward local practices. We specifically focus on the tools that are able to deal with both the need to standardize and the need to be open toward local practices. We suggest that '(re)writing devices' are a fruitful category of tools for this purpose. 相似文献
100.
This article reviews developments in four areas: single-versus dual-chamber pacing, pacing for prevention of atrial fibrillation
(AF), pacing for the treatment of neuromediated syncope, and pacing in patients with congestive heart failure. Large, randomized
clinical trials comparing physiologic and ventricular pacing in different pacemaker populations have demonstrated that physiologic
pacing does prevent AF but does not reduce cardiac mortality or stroke. The benefit for prevention of AF appears to be in
patients with sinus node disease as the primary indication for pacing. Selective atrial pacing algorithms designed for the
prevention of AF have not been shown to substantially reduce the overall burden of AF. Cardiac pacing has been shown to have
a moderate benefit in the treatment of neuromediated syncope. Cardiac resynchronization therapy is emerging as a promising
new treatment for heart failure. Long-term studies report that it improves quality of life and functional capacity, and reduces
hospitalizations for heart failure. The impact of this therapy on mortality awaits the results of ongoing studies. 相似文献