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41.
The quality of 17 air contrast barium enemas performed the same day as incomplete colonoscopies using air insufflation was compared with 21 air contrast barium enemas performed on a different day from incomplete colonoscopies. A gastrointestinal radiologist blinded to the timing of the procedures reviewed the barium studies scoring them as 1 (unsatisfactory) to 4 (excellent) in four areas. The mean overall quality score for the air contrast barium enemas done the same day as incomplete colonoscopy was 3.29 vs. 2.97 for those done on a different day (p = 0.24). There were no significant differences in quality scores between same-day versus different-day air contrast barium enemas for the specific parameters of quality of distention, barium coating, and amount of spasm. We conclude that when colonoscopy using air insufflation is incomplete because of looping or angulation, air contrast barium enema can be done the same day without impairing the quality of the barium study. 相似文献
42.
Wireless capsule endoscopy detects small bowel ulcers in patients with normal results from state of the art enteroclysis 总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21
Liangpunsakul S Chadalawada V Rex DK Maglinte D Lappas J 《The American journal of gastroenterology》2003,98(6):1295-1298
BACKGROUND: Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) is a new technology for small bowel imaging. AIM: To report our initial experience with sensitivity of high quality enteroclysis in patients with small bowel ulcers detected by WCE. METHODS: Medical records of all patients referred for WCE from December, 2001 to April, 2002 at our institution were reviewed. All patients had negative upper and lower endoscopies and small bowel barium studies before WCE. RESULTS: There were 40 patients (19 female, mean age 57.3 yr) during this study period. Three patients had multiple small bowel ulcers detected by WCE. One with ileal ulcers and abdominal pain had an enteroclysis at another hospital before WCE. Review of the study at our institution showed that it was of excellent quality and was normal. Two patients with chronic iron deficiency anemia had multiple small bowel ulcers and were referred after WCE for a repeat small bowel barium study by biphasic enteroclysis performed by experienced GI radiologists. The radiologists were told in advance of the WCE findings. Both studies were considered technically to be of perfect quality. Despite this, both studies were negative. All 3 patients improved after therapy for Crohn's disease. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicates that WCE may be more sensitive for small bowel ulcers than the best enteroclysis available. 相似文献
43.
Screening colonoscopy in asymptomatic average-risk persons with negative fecal occult blood tests. 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Colonoscopy was performed on 210 asymptomatic average-risk persons, aged 50-75 years, who had negative fecal occult blood test results. Colonoscopy was complete to the cecum in 209 subjects. Fifty-three subjects (25%) had adenomas and two had cancer. All of the adenomas greater than or equal to 1 cm in size and both cancers occurred in subjects aged greater than or equal to 60 years. Fifty-one percent of subjects with adenomas and one with cancer had no neoplasms distal to the sigmoid-descending colon junction. One subject had a major postpolypectomy hemorrhage that stopped spontaneously. Screening colonoscopy, therefore, has a high yield for detection of neoplasms in asymptomatic average-risk persons aged greater than or equal to 60 years with negative fecal occult blood test results. The yield is low in persons aged 50-54 years and intermediate in persons aged 55-59 years. 相似文献
44.
Michael R. Mooney John S. Douglas Jodi Fishman Mooney James D. Madison Robert O. Brandenburg Rex Fernald Robert A. Van Tassel 《Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions》1990,20(2):114-119
The MonorailTM Piccolino coronary angioplasty balloon catheter (MBC) was evaluated on 118 patients at two centers. Technical success was achieved in 110 patients (93%). Time for catheter exchange and total fluoroscopy time were significantly lower for the Monorail catheter than with standard equipment (exchange time 97 vs. 170 seconds P <.05 and fluoroscopy time 17 vs. 88 seconds P < 0.001). The advantages of rapid exchange and the ability of utilize 2 Monorail balloon catheters through one 9F guiding catheter for simultaneous inflations allowed for maximal flexibility in treating patients with bifurcation lesions. The double wire approach utilizing one Monorail balloon catheter with a 7F guiding catheter was also technically successful. The MonorailTM Piccolino balloon catheter has unique features that allow for greater ease of operator use, rapid catheter exchange, and optimal angiographic visualization. It is felt that this catheter design provides distinct advantages over standard angioplasty equipment. 相似文献
45.
Tiffany A. Timbers Andrew C. Giles Evan L. Ardiel Rex A. Kerr Catharine H. Rankin 《Neurobiology of aging》2013
The ability to learn and remember is critical for all animals to survive in the ever-changing environment. As we age, many of our biological faculties decay and of these, decline in learning and memory can be the most distressing. To carefully define age-dependent changes in learning during reproductive age in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, we performed a parametric behavioral study of habituation to nonlocalized mechanical stimuli (petri plate taps) over a range of intensities in middle-aged worms. We found that as worms age (from the onset of reproduction to the end of egg laying), response probability habituation increases (at both 10- and 60-second interstimulus intervals) and that these age-related changes were associated with a decrease in the discrimination between stimuli of different intensities. We also used optogenetics to investigate where these age-dependent changes occur. Our data suggest that the changes occur upstream of mechanosensory neuron depolarization. These data support the idea that declines in stimulus intensity discrimination abilities during aging may be one variable underlying age-related cognitive deficits. 相似文献
46.
Deborah J. Jones Rex Forehand Jessica Cuellar Carlye Kincaid Justin Parent Nicole Fenton Nada Goodrum 《Clinical psychology review》2013,33(2):241-252
Disruptive behaviors of childhood are among the most common reasons for referral of children to mental health professionals. Behavioral parent training (BPT) is the most efficacious intervention for these problem behaviors, yet BPT is substantially underutilized beyond university research and clinic settings. With the aim of addressing this research-to-practice gap, this article highlights the considerable, but largely unrealized, potential for technology to overcome the two most pressing challenges hindering the diffusion of BPT: (1). The dearth of BPT training and supervision opportunities for therapists who work with families of children with disruptive behaviors; and (2). The failure to engage and retain families in BPT services when services are available. To this end, this review presents a theoretical framework to guide technological innovations in BPT and highlights examples of how technology is currently being harnessed to overcome these challenges. This review also discusses recommendations for using technology as a delivery vehicle to further advance the field of BPT and the potential implications of technological innovations in BPT for other areas of children's mental health are discussed. 相似文献
47.
Dr. Douglas K. Rex M.D. Joseph F. Fitzgerald M.D. Robert J. Goulet M.D. 《Diseases of the colon and rectum》1992,35(3):242-244
Childhood constipation with encopresis is a common malady. Previous reports suggest that essentially all patients either respond to standard treatments or have spontaneous recovery before 16 years of age. In this paper, we describe the results of anorectal function studies and treatment outcome in four patients in whom constipation and encopresis persisted beyond 15 years of age. Abnormalities in the ability to defecate water-filled balloons, in external sphincter relaxation with straining, in rectal sensation and development of the urge to defecate, and in maximum anal resting pressure were seen in some or all of these patients. In addition, two patients had impaired voluntary squeeze strength. Two patients responded to standard therapy; a colostomy was needed in one; and one failed therapy and has become a recluse. 相似文献
48.
Rex N. MacAlpin 《American heart journal》1980,99(5):555-564
The lead distribution of ST segment elevation produced by severe “spasm” of major coronary arteries was correlated with the specific artery involved in a group of 110 cases of variant angina with single vessel coronary arterial spasm made up from eight cases personally observed and 102 cases abstracted from published literature.The most sensitive and specific lead for ST elevation during anterior descending (LAD) coronary arterial spasm was V3; V2 was almost as good. For spasm of either the right (RCA) or circumflex coronary artery (CMFX), Leads 3 and aVF showed ST elevation most frequently; electrocardiographically it was difficult to distinguish between spasm of these two vessels. ST elevation in Leads V5 and V6 was not specific, occurring in some cases of spasm of each of the three major coronary arteries. ST elevation in Lead V1 occurred in either RCA or LAD spas, but never in CMFX spasm. ST elevation in Lead 1 was never seen with isolated RCA spasm.No single lead can detect all cases of transient ST elevation. Simultaneous monitoring of Leads 3 and V3 would have detected 98.2% of 333 cases of ST elevation reviewed, and addition of Lead aVL would have detected most of the remainder. These findings should be considered in lead selection for monitoring to detect ST elevation, and in using the ECG to identify spastic coronary arteries. 相似文献
49.
The effects of HIV protease inhibitors atazanavir and lopinavir/ritonavir on insulin sensitivity in HIV-seronegative healthy adults 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Noor MA Parker RA O'Mara E Grasela DM Currie A Hodder SL Fiedorek FT Haas DW 《AIDS (London, England)》2004,18(16):2137-2144
BACKGROUND: Therapy with some HIV protease inhibitors (PI) contributes to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus, by inhibition of insulin-sensitive glucose transporters. Atazanavir (ATV) is a new PI with substantially less in vitro effect on glucose transport than observed with other PI, including lopinavir (LPV) or ritonavir (RTV). METHODS: Randomized, double-blind, crossover study of the effect of 5 days of administering ATV, lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) or placebo on insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in 30 healthy HIV-negative subjects. Each subject was studied on two of three possible treatments with a wash-out period between treatments. RESULTS: The mean insulin-stimulated glucose disposal (mg/min per kg body weight) per unit insulin (microU/ml) (M/I) was 9.88, 9.80 and 7.52 for placebo, ATV and LPV/r, respectively (SEM, 0.84 for all). There was no significant difference between ATV and placebo. The M/I for LPV/r was 23% lower than that for ATV (P = 0.010) and 24% lower than that for placebo (P = 0.008). The mean glycogen storage rates were 3.85, 4.00 and 2.54 mg/min per kg for placebo, ATV and LPV/r, respectively (SEM, 0.39 for all). There was no significant difference between ATV and placebo. The glycogen storage rate for LPV/r was 36% lower than ATV (P = 0.003) and 34% lower than placebo (P = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: ATV given to healthy subjects for 5 days did not affect insulin sensitivity, while LPV/r induced insulin resistance. This observation is consistent with differential in vitro effects of these PI on glucose transport. Further data are needed to assess clinical implications for body composition. 相似文献
50.
Hasegawa DK; Bennett AJ; Coccia PF; Ramsay NK; Nesbit ME; Krivit W; Edson JR 《Blood》1980,56(4):585-595
Factor V deficiency has been identified in 8 of 8 patients 7--20 yr of age, with Philadelphia-positive (Ph1+) chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). In these 8 patients, factor V deficiency was not due to hepatic dysfunction, factor V inhibitors, or disseminated intravascular coagulation. In 3 patients, factor V activity rose 10%--12% (0.10--0.12 U/ml) after the infusion of 28--31 ml/kg body weight of fresh frozen plasma (FFP). The rise persisted less than 14 hr. The mean measured postinfusion rise in factor V was 18% of the expected rise calculated from the volume of FFP infused in the patients' plasma volume. In 4 patients, a small transient rise in factor V activity occurred after splenectomy or plateletpheresis. Factor V deficiency was completely corrected after a marked reduction in bone marrow cellularity in 2 patients with Ph1+ CML treated with extensive chemotherapy, total body irradiation, and bone marrow transplantation. Factor V deficiency was retrospectively observed in 6 of 20 patients, ages 20--80 yr, with Ph1+ CML and 3 of 6 patients with other myeloproliferative disorders. The factor V deficiency appears to be associated with the large myeloid- megakaryocytic cell mass characteristic of CML and other myeloproliferative disorders. 相似文献