孕烷X受体应答元件萤光素酶报告基因的构建及活性检测

目的建立孕烷X受体(pregnane X receptor,PXR)应答元件萤光素酶报告基因,并检测其活性。方法利用化学合成方法得到五聚体PXR应答元件(everted repeat elelment-6,ER-6元件)5和(direct repeat element-3,DR-3)5序列;将五聚体PXR应答元件序列(ER6或DR3)克隆至p GL3-Promoter载体上;利用萤光素酶报告基因系统检测PXR应答元件报告基因的活性。结果 PXR应答元件萤光素酶报告基因具有明确的活性。PXR激动剂茴香霉素能够剂量依赖地诱导ER6-Luc(R2=0.95;P=0.002 2)和DR3-Luc(R2=0.96;P=0.000 91)报告基因的活性,其EC50值分别为(0.11±0.04)μmol/L和(0.13±0.06)μmol/L;PXR拮抗剂酮康唑能够剂量依赖地降低茴香霉素诱导的ER6-Luc(R2=0.97;P=0.000 85)和DR3-Luc(R2=0.98;P=0.000 11)的活性,IC50值分别为(0.71±0.11)μmol/L和(1.73±0.15)μmol/L。结论成功构建了PXR应答元件报告基因,建立了PXR转录活性的检测方法。     

某市2008-2011年太湖水源生活饮用水水质监测分析及评价

目的分析2008-2011年某市太湖水源生活饮用水水质状况及变化趋势,为保障和改善居民饮用水卫生安全和卫生质量提供科学依据。方法依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)对2008-2011年某市太湖水源生活饮用水监测结果分析及评价。结果检测水样1 432份,合格1 331份,总合格率92.9%;年度合格率由2008年的80.5%提高到2011年的97.1%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=40.078,P0.001);不合格指标中,菌落总数、浑浊度和铁超标项次数最多,为主要不安全水质指标;对不同季节菌落总数超标率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=10.215,P0.017),其中第三季度最高(5.3%)。结论目前该市太湖水源生活饮用水水质基本符合GB 5749-2006的要求,少数管网水质存在微生物污染等安全隐患,今后工作中必须加强管网末梢水质的卫生监督管理。     

内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗早期胃癌或胃癌前病变临床效果及并发出血影响因素分析

目的 探讨内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗早期胃癌或胃癌前病变临床效果,并对其并发出血影响因素进行分析.方法 回顾性分析行内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗确诊30例早期胃癌及66例胃癌前病变的临床资料,收集所有患者一般资料,观察治疗后临床效果,记录并发症、复发及生存情况,并采用单因素及多因素Lo-gistic回归分析对内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗早期...     

重大任务下军人压力感知在社会支持和心理健康间的中介效应

目的 探讨军人在执行重大任务中社会支持、压力感知和心理健康三者间的关系,为做好执行重大任务军人的心理服务工作提供理论和实践依据.方法 采用《领悟社会支持量表》《压力知觉量表》和《症状自评量表》(SCL?90)对428名参加重大任务军人进行问卷调查,采用SPSS22.0和AMOS21.0软件进行统计学分析.结果 428名...     

热休克蛋白70在肝细胞癌中的表达意义

肝细胞癌(HCC)起病隐匿,致死率高,提高HCC早期诊断率对延长患者生存期非常重要.热休克蛋白70(HSP70)是广泛存在于生物体内的一种多肽蛋白,具有多种重要的生物学功能,近年来,随着对HSP70的研究,发现HCC组织中存在不同程度的HSP70表达,且其表达水平与HCC的治疗和转归也有着密切关联,利用HSP70的生物学功能及在不同组织中差异性表达的特性,能否为HCC的早期诊断、鉴别诊断、治疗及转归等方面提供帮助已成为研究热点.     

宽叶缬草在抑制高胆固醇血症大鼠肾小管上皮细胞转分化中的作用

目的：探讨宽叶缬草在脂质肾损害肾小管上皮细胞转分化中的作用。方法：用含4％胆固醇和1％胆酸钠的高脂饲料饲喂大鼠建立高脂模型，观察宽叶缬草对大鼠血脂、尿蛋白和肌酐清除率的影响，以及对肾小管上皮细胞α－平滑肌肌动蛋白、波形蛋白、角蛋白表达的影响。结果：宽叶缬草有降低总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白和尿蛋白的作用（P＜0．01），免疫组织化学法证实宽叶缬草在降脂和降尿蛋白的同时能降低肾小管上皮细胞α－平滑肌肌动蛋白、波形蛋白的表达（P＜0．01），抑制肾上管上皮细胞转分化。结论：宽叶缬草在脂质肾损害中的肾保护作用可能与在降脂基础上对肾小管上皮细胞表型转化的抑制有关。     

基于“形神一体”理论针刺治疗中风后痉挛性偏瘫的体会*

痉挛性偏瘫是中风后常见的后遗症,其发生关键在于毒邪损伤元神、残害形体,属于“形神共病”之疾病,治疗上需“形”“神”同调。吾师刘明辉医师在“形神一体”理论指导下总结了针刺治疗中风后痉挛性偏瘫的处方,即调神取背部夹脊穴（双侧1、3、5、7、9、11、13、15、17与2、4、6、8、10、12、14、16,两组穴位隔日交替使用）+头针（病灶同侧）顶颞前斜线中2/5、顶颞后斜线中2/5、顶旁2线行针刺;调形取患肢拮抗肌筋节点行小针刀,取得了良好的疗效。本文总结刘明辉医师的临床经验,以期为临床治疗中风后痉挛性偏瘫提供新思路。     

Evaluation of elastase and antielastase balance in patients with chronic bronchitis and pulmonary emphysema

On the basis of the "protease-antiprotease imbalance" theory for the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema, we hypothesized that measurement of elastase burden and antielastase capacity in the alveolar space might correlate with emphysema. To evaluate this, the severity of emphysema, the elastase burden, and the elastase inhibitory capacity were estimated in 28 patients with chronic bronchitis and variable degrees of emphysema, none of whom had congenital deficiency of alpha-1-protease inhibitor, and all of whom underwent bronchoalveolar lavage. Emphysema was assessed by both computed tomography and diffusing capacity. To examine "elastase burden," elastase:alpha-1-protease inhibitor complex and free elastase activity in alveolar lavage fluids were measured. To evaluate "antielastase" capacity, elastase inhibiting capacity in alveolar lavage fluid was measured. Elastase burden correlated directly and antielastase capacity correlated inversely with emphysema. These data provide direct support for the "protease-antiprotease imbalance" theory of emphysema in a group of smokers without congenital deficiency of alpha-1-protease inhibitor.     

A prospective clinical study of theophylline safety in 3810 elderly with asthma or COPD

A large-scale prospective study was conducted in 3810 Japanese elderly (> or =65 years old) patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who had been treated with sustained-release theophylline tablets (THEODUR) at a dose of 400 mg/day for 1-6 months, in principle. Among 3798 protocol-complying patients (mean age: 73.8 +/- 0.10 years, 1997 with COPD), 261 theophylline-related adverse events were observed in 179 (4.71%) patients. The 5 most frequently observed adverse events were "nausea" (40 episodes, 1.05%), "loss of appetite" (22 episodes, 0.56%), "hyperuricemia" (16 episodes, 0.42%), "palpitation" (15 episodes, 0.39%), and "increased alkaline phosphatase" (11 episodes, 0.28%). No convulsions were reported. Six patients had serious adverse events. The incidence of theophylline-related adverse events was higher in patients with hepatic disease (odds ratio: 1:1.81) and in patients with arrhythmia (odds ratio: 1:1.88). Blood drug concentration measurements in 736 patients indicated that the drug levels were < or =15 microg/ml in 641 patients (87.1%), and no correlation was noted between dose and theophylline-related adverse events. These results suggest that sustained-release theophylline can be used safely in elderly patients with asthma or COPD.     

Beta 2-integrin and L-selectin are obligatory receptors in neutrophil aggregation [see comments]

We have recently found that antibodies to L-selectin, the homing receptor on neutrophils, are as effective as those to beta 2-integrin at blocking formyl peptide-stimulated aggregation. Therefore, we investigated the requirements for expression of L-selectin and beta 2- integrin on adjacent cells during aggregation. Fluorescence flow cytometry allowed characterization of aggregates on the basis of size and color, as well as antibody binding to these two adhesive molecules. Formyl peptide-stimulated aggregate formation was measured for individual populations fluorescently labeled red (LDS-751) or green (CD44-FITC), and interpopulation red-green cell conjugates. Blocking either the beta 2-integrin or L-selectin adhesive epitope with monoclonal antibody on individual cell populations resulted in an approximately 50% reduction in two-color aggregation as compared with that in unblocked samples. Shedding the L-selectin on a cell population by preincubation with complexes of lipopolysaccharide and its plasma membrane binding protein also decreased aggregation to a control population by approximately 50%. We examined the aggregation of neutrophils from patients genetically deficient in beta 2-integrin and clinically leukocyte adhesion deficient (LAD). LAD adhesion to normal neutrophils was dependent on the expression of L-selectin on LAD cells and beta 2-integrin on normal cells. Thus, the minimum requirement for adhesion between two mixed populations of neutrophils was that one population expressed the beta 2-integrin and the other expressed the L- selectin adhesive epitope.