1例重症肌无力患者的个体化药学服务

目的:探讨药师如何对重症肌无力患者提供个体化药学服务。方法:临床药师与临床医师密切配合,通过药物基因检测、审查药物相互作用、跟踪治疗药物监测结果、进行患者用药教育等方式,提供药学服务。结果:患者治疗方案调整后,实验室检查无明显异常,他克莫司血药浓度达到正常范围,病情有所改善。结论:临床药师加入临床治疗团队,提供个体化药学服务可以提高临床药物治疗效果。     

Beyond transformational leadership in nursing: A qualitative study on rebel nurse leadership-as-practice

Most nurse leadership studies have concentrated on a classical, heroic, and hierarchical view of leadership. However, critical leadership studies have argued the need for more insight into leadership in daily nursing practices. Nurses must align their professional standards and opinions on quality of care with those of other professionals, management, and patients. They want to achieve better outcomes for their patients but also feel disciplined and controlled. To deal with this, nurses challenge the status quo by showing rebel nurse leadership. In this paper, we describe 47 nurses’ experiences with rebel nurse leadership from a leadership-as-practice perspective. In eight focus groups, nurses from two hospitals and one long-term care organization shared their experiences of rebel nurse leadership practices. They illustrated the differences between “bad” and “good” rebels. Knowledge, work experience, and patient-driven motivation were considered necessary for “good” rebel leadership. The participants also explained that continuous social influencing is important while exploring and challenging the boundaries set by colleagues and management. Credibility, trust, autonomy, freedom, and preserving relationships determined whether rebel nurses acted visibly or invisibly. Ultimately, this study refines the concept of rebel nurse leadership, gives a better understanding of how this occurs in nursing practice, and give insights into the challenges faced when studying nursing leadership practices.