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Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is currently encountered after bone marrow transplantation and transfusion. GVHD associated with transfusion (TA-GVHD) in apparently immunocompetent recipients has been recently reported with increasing frequency. A consistent finding in many of these cases is that the recipient received blood from a donor homozygous for one of the recipient's HLA haplotypes. However, the observed frequency of TA-GVHD is much lower than the estimated probability of this donor/recipient combination. The potential role of recipient immune responses in controlling TA-GVHD was investigated using an analogous murine model in which GVHD is induced by the injection of parental lymphoid cells into unirradiated F1 hybrid recipients. The effect of various immune manipulations of the recipient of GVHD induction was assessed by determining the number of donor lymphoid cells required to induce GVHD responses. Whereas depletion of recipient CD4+ cells increased the number of donor cells needed to induce GVHD, depletion of recipient CD8+ and natural killer cells resulted in fewer donor cells being needed to induce a GVHD response. These studies suggest a central role for functioning recipient CD8 and natural killer cells in the down-regulation of TA-GVHD development in recipients. 相似文献
63.
Andrew W. Kirkpatrick Christine Vis Mirette Dubé Susan Biesbroek Chad G. Ball Jason Laberge Jonas Shultz Ken Rea David Sadler John B. Holcomb John Kortbeek 《Injury》2014
Traumatic injury is the leading cause of potentially preventable lost years of life in the Western world and exsanguination is the most potentially preventable cause of post-traumatic death. With mature trauma systems and experienced trauma centres, extra-abdominal sites, such as the pelvis, constitute the most frequent anatomic site of exsanguination. Haemorrhage control for such bleeding often requires surgical adjuncts most notably interventional radiology (IR). With the usual paradigm of surgery conducted within an operating room and IR procedures within distant angiography suites, responsible clinicians are faced with making difficult decisions regarding where to transport the most physiologically unstable patients for haemorrhage control. If such a critical patient is transported to the wrong suite, they may die unnecessarily despite having potentially salvageable injuries. Thus, it seems only logical that the resuscitative operating room of the future would have IR capabilities making it the obvious geographic destination for critically unstable patients, especially those who are exsanguinating. 相似文献
64.
Micaela Piccoli Ferdinando Agresta Vincenzo Trapani Casimiro Nigro Vito Pende Fabio Cesare Campanile Nereo Vettoretto Enrico Belluco Paolo Pietro Bianchi Davide Cavaliere Giuseppe Ferulano Filippo La Torre Marco Maria Lirici Roberto Rea Gianni Ricco Elena Orsenigo Simona Barlera Emanuele Lettieri Giovanni Maria Romano 《International journal of colorectal disease》2014,29(8):1029-1029
65.
Aladdin H. Shadyab PhD JoAnn E. Manson MD DrPH Juhua Luo PhD Bernhard Haring MD MPH Nazmus Saquib PhD Linda G. Snetselaar RD PhD LD Jiu-Chiuan Chen MD ScD Erik J. Groessl PhD Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller PhD Yangbo Sun MD PhD Lauren Hale PhD Meryl S. LeBoff MD Andrea Z. LaCroix PhD 《Journal of the American Geriatrics Society》2020,68(9):1970-1978
66.
Routine urine cytology has been performed for 809 male patients presenting with symptoms due to prostatic hypertrophy. In 6.42% of the cases, bladder tumor was revealed incidentally diagnosed by urine cytology. Cystoscopy and bladder biopsies were performed to confirm malignancy. The age of these patients ranged from 48–84 years (mean 65.2) and they complained mainly of irritative bladder symptoms. It is therefore strongly indicated that all patients with prostatic disease should have routine cytological examination of urine sediments. Diagn Cytopathol 1996;15:409–411 相似文献
67.
Kadra A. Osman Jakob Zinsstag Rea Tschopp Esther Schelling Jan Hattendorf Abdurezak Umer Seid Ali Colin I. Cercamondi 《Maternal & child nutrition》2020,16(3)
Pastoralist children in the Ethiopian Somali Regional State (ESRS) are at high risk for undernutrition and intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs). We assessed the nutritional status and its association with IPIs in 500 children <5 years of age in a clustered cross‐sectional study in Adadle district, ESRS. Stool samples were microscopically examined for IPIs and biomarkers for iron and vitamin A status, anthropometry, and food variety score (FVS) were assessed. Median (interquartile range [IQR]) FVS was 2.0 (2.0, 4.0), and 35% of children were exclusively breastfed up to age 6 months. Prevalence of stunting, wasting, underweight and mid‐upper arm circumference (MUAC) <12.5 cm was 30, 34, 40, and 16%, respectively. Median (IQR) haemoglobin, ferritin, and retinol‐binding protein concentrations were 9.5 g dL‐1 (8.2, 10.9), 6.2 μg L‐1 (4.0, 10.2), and 0.8 μmol L?1 (0.67, 0.91), respectively. Prevalence of anaemia, iron, and vitamin A deficiency was 75, 91, and 30%, respectively. IPIs' prevalence was 47%; the most prevalent IPIs were Giardia lamblia (22%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (15%). Giardial infections but not A. lumbricoides increased the risk for MUAC <12.5 cm (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 3.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] [2.21, 5.54]). The odds for anaemia were 97% (aOR: 0.03, 95% CI [0.03, 0.07]) and 89% (aOR: 0.11, 95% CI [0.11, 0.23]) less for children with FVS >2 or with exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months, respectively. Undernutrition and IPIs are alarmingly high in <5 years of age children in ESRS. Giardial infections and low nutritional adequacy of the diet seem to be major contributing factors to the precarious nutritional status and should be addressed by appropriate interventions. 相似文献
68.
Isabella M. Scheepers John F. Cryan Thomaz F. S. Bastiaanssen Kieran Rea Gerard Clarke Heather B. Jaspan Brian H. Harvey Sian M. J. Hemmings Leonard Santana Rencia van der Sluis Stefanie Malan‐Müller De Wet Wolmarans 《The European journal of neuroscience》2020,51(6):1419-1427
Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a psychiatric illness that significantly impacts affected patients and available treatments yield suboptimal therapeutic response. Recently, the role of the gut–brain axis (GBA) in psychiatric illness has emerged as a potential target for therapeutic exploration. However, studies concerning the role of the GBA in OCD are limited. To investigate whether a naturally occurring obsessive–compulsive‐like phenotype in a rodent model, that is large nest building in deer mice, is associated with perturbations in the gut microbiome, we investigated and characterised the gut microbiota in specific‐pathogen‐free bred and housed large (LNB) and normal (NNB) nest‐building deer mice of both sexes (n = 11 per group, including three males and eight females). Following baseline characterisation of nest‐building behaviour, a single faecal sample was collected from each animal and the gut microbiota analysed. Our results reveal the overall microbial composition of LNB animals to be distinctly different compared to controls (PERMANOVA p < .05). While no genera were found to be significantly differentially abundant after correcting for multiple comparisons, the normal phenotype showed a higher loading of Prevotella and Anaeroplasma, while the OC phenotype demonstrated a higher loading of Desulfovermiculus, Aestuariispira, Peptococcus and Holdemanella (cut‐off threshold for loading at 0.2 in either the first or second component of the PCA). These findings not only provide proof‐of‐concept for continued investigation of the GBA in OCD, but also highlight a potential underlying aetiological association between alterations in the gut microbiota and the natural development of obsessive–compulsive‐like behaviours. 相似文献
69.
The effect of an electronic health record–based tool on abnormal pediatric blood pressure recognition
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70.