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21.
Rashmi Gupta 《Health care for women international》2013,34(12):1040-1054
In this article I propose a systems model of elder care giver burden among Indian care givers. The systems model specifies the effects of elder characteristics, family structure, and personal characteristics of the care giver on care giver burden. Sampling was conducted using a multistage probability method to generate a sample of 259 care givers. The care giver burden questionnaire was translated from English to Hindi and then back into English and pilot tested before implementation. The care givers were interviewed via face-to-face interviews. Regression analysis was used to estimate the effects of the hypothesized determinants on care giver burden. The r square explained 46% of the variance in care giver burden. The following variables were significant from three dimensions: personal characteristics, elder characteristics, and family level. Personal characteristics of the care giver included whether they adhered to Asian cultural norms, the age of the care giver, and gender. Elder characteristics included behavioral problems of the elder. Family functional variables included number of care giving tasks provided by the care giver, and level of family income. Social work practice issues are discussed in the context of this study. 相似文献
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Brijesh Takkar Nripen Gaur Ashutosh Kumar Singh Rashmi Ramachandran 《Seminars in ophthalmology》2018,33(3):367-370
Aim: To evaluate the mydriatic effect of proparacaine hydrochloride (PH) in children undergoing strabismus surgery under general anesthesia (GA). Methods: This was a pilot, prospective, non-randomized, self-controlled interventional study. Nine children with esotropia or exotropia undergoing horizontal muscle squint surgery under GA at a tertiary eye care center were included. The six Group 1 patients underwent both eye surgeries, while the three Group 2 patients underwent single eye surgery. PH was instilled in one eye of Group 1 patients and both eyes of Group 2 patients. Change in pupil diameter (PD) was analyzed as the main outcome measure. Results: Mean age of the patients was 4.67 ± 2.64 years. In the study eyes, mean average baseline PD was 1.59 ± 0.40 mm (range: 1.06–2.37), while postoperative average PD was 3.99 ± 1.34 mm (range: 1.79–6.02). The mean baseline PC had increased from 5.51 ± 1.09 mm to 12.6 ± 3.58 mm at the end of the surgery. PD and PC increased in all of the study eyes while no change in PD or PC was seen in the control eyes of either of the groups. The dilated pupil was skewed horizontally towards the muscle being operated upon in all of the study eyes. Conclusions: PH has a mydriatic effect of its own. It penetrates through the bare sclera and leads on to skewed dilation of the pupil. Surgeons should consider this effect while judging pupil alignment at the end of the surgery. 相似文献
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The number of computer game users is increasing as computers and various IT devices in connection with the Internet are commonplace in all ages. In this research, in order to find the relevance of behavioral activity and its associated biosignal, biosignal changes before and after as well as during computer games were measured and analyzed for 31 subjects. For this purpose, a device to measure electrocardiogram, photoplethysmogram and skin temperature was developed such that the effect of motion artifacts could be minimized. The device was made wearable for convenient measurement. The game selected for the experiments was League of Legends?. Analysis on the pulse transit time, heart rate variability and skin temperature showed increased sympathetic nerve activities during computer game, while the parasympathetic nerves became less active. Interestingly, the sympathetic predominance group showed less change in the heart rate variability as compared to the normal group. The results can be valuable for studying internet gaming disorder. 相似文献
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Shikhar Ganjoo M.D. Saritha Mohanan M.D. S.M.V.M.C.H. Rashmi Kumari M.D. Devinder M. Thappa M.D. Nachiappa G. Rajesh M.D. 《Pediatric dermatology》2014,31(4):e96-e99
A 10‐year‐old boy had multiple grouped pits with black plugs arranged along the lines of Blaschko on his left chest, arm, and palm. Involvement of the palms is rarely reported in the literature. Recent reports have described mosaic acneiform conditions that could share pathogenetic mechanisms with nevus comedonicus. We briefly review the literature on mosaic conditions with acneiform lesions including nevus comedonicus. 相似文献
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Diagnosis and Management of Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome In Children: Single Centre Experience
Rashmi D. Patel Aruna V. Vanikar Manoj R. Gumber Kamal V. Kanodia Kamlesh S. Suthar Himanshu V. Patel Hargovind L. Trivedi 《Indian journal of hematology & blood transfusion》2014,30(4):342-346
Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) although rare is the commonest cause of acute renal failure (ARF) in children and has poor prognosis. We present single centre experience of aHUS. Thirty six children (29 males, 7 females) with mean age, 7.9 years presented with ARF, 2 children also had tonic–clonic type convulsions. Their hematology examination revealed hemolytic anemia with s. creatinine (SCr), 5.54 mg/dl. Acute HUS was observed in 75 %, acute on chronic HUS in 19.4 % and patchy cortical necrosis (PCN) in 5.6 % biopsies. Mean 5.4 plasma exchanges (PE) were carried out. Supportive management of anti-hypertensives and prednisone was also given. Recovery end points were establishment of urine output, improvement of SCr and hematological profile. Hematology and renal function profile improved variably in all children, 5.6 % died, relapse was observed in 80.5 % over mean 70 days; 13.9 % children are doing well over mean follow-up of 268.8 days. Thus poor prognosis was observed in 86.1 % children. Children with acute on chronic HUS and PCN did not recover. Six children who recovered had acute HUS. aHUS in Indian children occurs at an older age of around 8 years and chronic/irreversible changes on histopathology examination are harbingers of poor prognosis. PE is life-saving however further research for developing strategies to improve long-term survival is needed. 相似文献
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Amina Amadou Heinz Freisling Mazda Jenab Konstantinos K. Tsilidis Antonia Trichopoulou Paolo Boffetta Bethany Van Guelpen Olatz Mokoroa Tom Wilsgaard Frank Kee Ben Schttker Jos M. Ordez-Mena Satu Mnnist Stefan Sderberg Roel C. H. Vermeulen J. Ramn Quirs Linda M. Liao Rashmi Sinha Kari Kuulasmaa Hermann Brenner Isabelle Romieu 《British journal of cancer》2021,124(11):1882
Background We investigated whether associations between prevalent diabetes and cancer risk are pertinent to older adults and whether associations differ across subgroups of age, body weight status or levels of physical activity.Methods We harmonised data from seven prospective cohort studies of older individuals in Europe and the United States participating in the CHANCES consortium. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate the associations of prevalent diabetes with cancer risk (all cancers combined, and for colorectum, prostate and breast). We calculated summary risk estimates across cohorts using pooled analysis and random-effects meta-analysis.Results A total of 667,916 individuals were included with an overall median (P25–P75) age at recruitment of 62.3 (57–67) years. During a median follow-up time of 10.5 years, 114,404 total cancer cases were ascertained. Diabetes was not associated with the risk of all cancers combined (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.94; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.86–1.04; I2 = 63.3%). Diabetes was positively associated with colorectal cancer risk in men (HR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.08–1.26; I2 = 0%) and a similar HR in women (1.13; 95% CI: 0.82–1.56; I2 = 46%), but with a confidence interval including the null. Diabetes was inversely associated with prostate cancer risk (HR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.77–0.85; I2 = 0%), but not with postmenopausal breast cancer (HR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.89–1.03; I2 = 0%). In exploratory subgroup analyses, diabetes was inversely associated with prostate cancer risk only in men with overweight or obesity.Conclusions Prevalent diabetes was positively associated with colorectal cancer risk and inversely associated with prostate cancer risk in older Europeans and Americans.Subject terms: Risk factors, Cancer epidemiology 相似文献
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To examine breastfeeding trends at hospital discharge from 2006 to 2011 by diabetes status and to determine associations between diabetes status and breastfeeding. Ohio Vital Statistics birth certificate data from 2006 to 2011, including all singleton births to Ohio resident mothers of reproductive age (16–44 years), were used to analyze trends in breastfeeding by diabetes status [prepregnancy diabetes (PDM), gestational diabetes (GDM)]. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between breastfeeding at discharge and diabetes type. Because a significant interaction between diabetes status and race existed, the model was stratified by race. This study includes 803,222 Ohio births from 2006 to 2011. A significant, increasing trend of breastfeeding (P < .0001) existed among women with GDM (63–70 %) and no DM (62–69 %). GDM breastfeeding rates were frequently the highest, while women with PDM often had the lowest breastfeeding initiation rates, regardless of sample characteristic. In models stratified by race, Black women were often the least likely to breastfeed, but overweight or obese and diabetes were not associated with a decreased likelihood of breastfeeding as they were among White women. While breastfeeding rates have increased in Ohio, they have still not reached the Healthy People 2020 goals. Our study shows that breastfeeding initiation rates vary by diabetes status and race. This study can aid in tailoring breastfeeding intervention and counseling efforts to women least likely to initiate breastfeeding, such as women with pregnancy diabetes, to improve the health of both infants and mothers. 相似文献