全文获取类型
收费全文 | 784篇 |
免费 | 53篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 5篇 |
儿科学 | 9篇 |
妇产科学 | 12篇 |
基础医学 | 88篇 |
口腔科学 | 11篇 |
临床医学 | 63篇 |
内科学 | 172篇 |
皮肤病学 | 6篇 |
神经病学 | 54篇 |
特种医学 | 22篇 |
外科学 | 132篇 |
综合类 | 13篇 |
预防医学 | 23篇 |
眼科学 | 97篇 |
药学 | 90篇 |
中国医学 | 5篇 |
肿瘤学 | 37篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 3篇 |
2022年 | 22篇 |
2021年 | 69篇 |
2020年 | 22篇 |
2019年 | 22篇 |
2018年 | 20篇 |
2017年 | 14篇 |
2016年 | 26篇 |
2015年 | 26篇 |
2014年 | 43篇 |
2013年 | 33篇 |
2012年 | 58篇 |
2011年 | 58篇 |
2010年 | 36篇 |
2009年 | 21篇 |
2008年 | 40篇 |
2007年 | 45篇 |
2006年 | 58篇 |
2005年 | 48篇 |
2004年 | 29篇 |
2003年 | 27篇 |
2002年 | 20篇 |
2001年 | 8篇 |
2000年 | 10篇 |
1999年 | 9篇 |
1998年 | 2篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1996年 | 5篇 |
1995年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 9篇 |
1991年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1969年 | 2篇 |
1916年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有839条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
111.
112.
113.
Ekong U Zeng S Dun H Feirt N Guo J Ippagunta N Guarrera JV Lu Y Weinberg A Qu W Ramasamy R Schmidt AM Emond JC 《Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology》2006,21(4):682-688
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Severe injury to the liver, such as that induced by toxic doses of acetaminophen, triggers a cascade of events leading to hepatocyte death. It is hypothesized that activation of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) might contribute to acetaminophen-induced liver toxicity by virtue of its ability to generate reactive oxygen species, at least in part via nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, and thereby activate downstream signaling pathways leading to cellular injury. METHODS: A model was employed in which toxic doses of acetaminophen (1125 mg/kg) were administered to C57BL/6 mice. To block RAGE, mice received murine soluble (s) RAGE, the extracellular ligand binding domain of the receptor that acts as a decoy to interrupt ligand-RAGE signaling. RESULTS: Animals treated with sRAGE displayed increased survival compared with vehicle treatment, and markedly decreased hepatic necrosis. Consistent with an important role for RAGE-triggered oxidant stress in acetaminophen-induced injury, a significant reduction of nitrotyrosine protein adducts was observed in hepatic tissue in sRAGE-treated versus vehicle-treated mice receiving acetaminophen, in parallel with significantly increased levels of glutathione. In addition, pro-regenerative cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 were increased in sRAGE-treated versus vehicle-treated mice. CONCLUSION: These findings implicate RAGE-dependent mechanisms in acetaminophen-induced liver damage and suggest that blockade of this pathway may impart beneficial effects in toxin-induced liver injury. 相似文献
114.
Lim JS Singh O Ramasamy RD Ramasamy S Subramanian K Lee EJ Chowbay B 《Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics》2010,25(6):616-623
CYP1A2 play an important role in the metabolism of many carcinogens and clinically important drugs. CYP1A2 activity has been found to be influenced by the presence of polymorphic variants which were reported to display wide interethnic variation. This study investigates the frequency distribution and linkage disequilibrium patterns of CYP1A2 genetic polymorphisms, and characterize their haplotype structures in three healthy Asian populations in Singapore (Chinese, Malay, and Indian). The entire CYP1A2 gene was screened in 126 healthy subjects from all three ethnic groups (N=42 each). A total of 25 polymorphisms was identified, of which nine were novel. The polymorphisms, -2467delT and -163C>A were detected at high frequencies in all Asian ethnic groups. Significant interethnic differences were observed in the genotypic frequency distribution of IVS2-99G>A (P<0.01) and 1548C>T (P=0.05) across the three ethnic groups while -163C>A (P=0.02) was found to differ between Chinese and Malays. Haplotype analyses revealed four to six major haplotypes in each ethnic population which accounted for more than 60% of the cumulative haplotype frequencies. Future studies should be done to investigate the functional roles of these haplotypes. 相似文献
115.
Ramasamy Kesavan Sunil K. Narayan Chandrasekaran Adithan 《European journal of clinical pharmacology》2010,66(7):689-696
Objective
Cytochrome P450 2C9 and 2C19 (CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, respectively) genetic polymorphisms play an important role in phenytoin (PHT) metabolism. We have evaluated whether these genetic polymorphisms have an effect on PHT-induced neurological toxicity in Tamilian (ethnic group native to southern India) patients with epilepsy. 相似文献116.
Palani Srinivasan Gurusamypalayam Amirthalingam Balasubramaniam Thippichettipalayam Ramasamy Gopala Krishna Murthy Perumal Balachandran 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine》2013,3(12):988-994
Objective
To detect the various bacteriological agents and pathological changes in commercial layer chicken affected with egg yolk peritonitis in Namakkal region of India.Methods
A total of 6 572 layer chicken from 85 commercial farms were subjected for the study, out of which 1 715 showed various types of oviduct abnormalities. Among the 1 715, 264 birds from six farms were identified as egg peritonitis on the basis of postmortem examination. Trachea, lung, heart blood, liver, peritoneal exudate, oviduct (infundibulum, magnum, uterus) and cloacal swabs were collected from the 264 birds with egg peritonitis lesion for screening of bacterial agents. Signalment, clinical signs and pathological changes were recorded in the affected flocks.Result
The results of the present investigation indicated that the E. coli associated egg peritonitis was responsible for 15.39% of the reproductive tract abnormalities in commercial layers between 21 and 80 week of age. In the affected flocks egg production drop and mortality varied from 3% to 20% and 0.5% to 7.0% respectively. It was noticed during peak egg production (21 to 60 week) and southwest monsoon season (58%). Statistical analysis of age, season and egg production by Chi square test of independence revealed highly significant difference. E. coli was isolated as a pure culture and concurrent with other bacterial agents in 226 and 38 birds respectively. Among the fifteen E. coli serotypes identified serotype O166, O64 and O111 were predominant. Necropsy examination of affected birds revealed the presence of amorphous or insipissiated yolk material in the abdominal cavity with inflammatory changes in the ovary, oviduct and intestine. Microscopically the oviduct surface epithelium showed degeneration and desquamation, moderate to marked infiltration of inflammatory cells especially heterophils and lymphocytes in various regions and lumen contained serofibrinous exudate, inflammatory and desquamated epithelial cells with bacterial microcolonies. Ovarian follicles revealed hyperemia, degeneration of granulosa cells and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Intestine showed degenerative, necrotic and inflammatory lesion.Conclusion
The findings of this study showed that the egg peritonitis might be caused by either the translocation of intestinal E. coli into the peritoneal cavity or by the movement of cloacal E. coli into the oviduct followed by ascension of these bacteria up the oviduct, through the infundibulum, and into the peritoneal cavity. To control the egg peritonitis faecal contamination with E. coli should be minimized. 相似文献117.
Duraisamy Kempuraj Mohammad Moshahid Khan Ramasamy Thangavel Zhi Xiong Evert Yang Asgar Zaheer 《Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology》2013,8(3):643-650
Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Multiple sclerosis (MS) involve activation of glial cells and release of inflammatory mediators leading to death of neurons. Glia maturation factor (GMF) is up-regulated in the central nervous system (CNS) in these neurodegenerative diseases. Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is highly expressed constitutively in the CNS. We have treated mouse astrocytes, mixed culture with glial cells and neurons, and only neurons with GMF and/or IL-33 in vitro. Both GMF and IL-33-induced chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) release in a dose and time-dependent manner. We report that GMF induced IL-33 release, and that IL-33 augments GMF-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) release from mouse astrocytes. IL-33 induces CCL2, TNF-α and nitric oxide release through phosphorylation of ERK in mouse astrocytes. Incubation of mixed culture containing glial cells and neurons or only neuronal culture with IL-33 reduced the number of neurons positive for microtubule-associated protein 2. In conclusion, IL-33 augments GMF-mediated neuroinflammation and may provide a new drug target for neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases. 相似文献
118.
Woo Hyun Yeo Thiruganesh Ramasamy Dong-Wuk Kim Hyuk Jun Cho Yong-Il Kim Kwan Hyung Cho Chul Soon Yong Jong Oh Kim Han-Gon Choi 《Archives of pharmacal research》2013,36(12):1480-1486
The main purpose of this work was to optimize the rheological properties of docetaxel (DCT)-loaded thermosensitive liquid suppositories for rectal administration. DCT-loaded liquid suppositories were prepared by a cold method and characterized in terms of physicochemical and viscoelastic properties. Major formulation parameters including poloxamer (P407) and Tween 80 were optimized to adjust the thermogelling and mucoadhesive properties for rectal administration. Notably, the gel strength and mucoadhesive force significantly increased with the increase in these variables. Furthermore, DCT incorporation did not alter the viscoelastic behavior, and the mean particle size of nanomicelles in it was approximately 16 nm with a distinct spherical shape. The formulation existed as liquid at room temperature and transformed into gel at physiological temperature through the reverse gelation phenomenon. Thus, DCT-loaded thermosensitive liquid suppositories [DCT/P407/P188/Tween 80 (0.25/11/15/10 %)] with optimal gel properties were easy to prepare and administer rectally, and might enable the gel to stay in the rectum without getting out from rectum. 相似文献
119.
120.
Kathryn T. Chen Madhu S. Malo Laura Kline Beasley-Topliffe Klaas Poelstra Jose Luis Millan Golam Mostafa Sayeda N. Alam Sundaram Ramasamy H. Shaw Warren Elizabeth L. Hohmann Richard A. Hodin 《Digestive diseases and sciences》2011,56(4):1020-1027