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S ummary . A study has been made of blood and bone-marrow films obtained from mentally subnormal patients with Down's anomaly and without this anomaly. It was found that the eosinophils in all stages of maturation subsequent to the promyelocyte were about half as frequent in the mongol patients as in the controls. An investigation of the nuclear lobulation of eosinophils in these patients showed that there were at least twice as many with three or four lobes in mongol patients than in control patients; this finding is in contrast with that well established for the neutrophil leucocytes in mongolism. 相似文献
43.
Validire P Fermé C Brice P Diviné M Gabarre J Bouabdallah K Fitoussi O Chaoui D Pacquement H Soussain C Carde P Salhi R Zanni M Decaudin D 《Anti-cancer drugs》2008,19(3):309-315
The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a gemcitabine-containing regimen in pretreated Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) patients. Relapsed or refractory HL patients treated with gemcitabine, used alone or in combination with other cytotoxic agents, were retrospectively reviewed. Fifty-five patients were included in the study. Initial characteristics before gemcitabine administration were: Ann Arbor stage III-IV: 84%; International Prognostic Score less than 3 in 18/39 cases (46%); 31 primary refractory patients at the end of first-line therapy (56%); median number of previous chemotherapy regimens of 3. Twenty-nine patients received gemcitabine alone with a median maximal dose of 900 mg/m2 per injection (range: 300-1500 mg/m2). Gemcitabine was administered at a maximal dose of 1000 mg/m2 per injection (range: 650-1250) in combination with vinorelbine in 10 patients, oxaliplatin in 13 patients, and other drugs in three patients, with a median of six injections (range: 1-18). Reported toxicity was mainly hematologic. Overall response rate was 20% with 11% of complete remission. On univariate analysis, two adverse factors at progression were significant for response to gemcitabine-based regimen: stage III-IV disease and hemoglobin level was less than 10.5 g/dl. This study demonstrated the limited efficacy of gemcitabine-containing regimen in heavily pretreated HL patients. 相似文献
44.
OBJECTIVES: To appreciate the impact of the neuroleptic treatment on the neurological soft signs (NSS) in schizophrenic patients and to examine their relation with the treatment response based on the level of CGI-improvement. METHODS: A cross-sectional study bearing on 66 schizophrenic patients: untreated patients (N = 13) and treated patients (N = 53). All patients were assessed by the Krebs et al. Neurological Soft Signs Scale and the Clinical Global Impressions (CGI). RESULTS: No difference has been noted concerning the NSS total score between treated and untreated schizophrenic patients. Concerning the NSS sub-scores, we have noted a significantly difference in the sensory integration sub-score. In treated patients, no correlation was found between NSS and daily dosage or duration of exposure of neuroleptic treatment, extrapyramidal symptoms and level of CGI-improvement. CONCLUSION: The excess of NSS in schizophrenic patients is independent of the neuroleptic treatment, suggesting that NSS represent a neurodevelopmental risk factor for schizophrenia. 相似文献
45.
Ezzaher A Mouhamed DH Mechri A Omezzine A Neffati F Douki W Bouslama A Gaha L Najjar MF 《Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences》2011,65(7):664-671
Aims: The aim of the present study was to investigate hyperhomocysteinemia in Tunisian bipolar I patients according to 5,10‐methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism. Methods: The subjects consisted of 92 patients with bipolar I disorder diagnosed according to DSM‐IV, and 170 controls. Plasma total homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12 were measured. MTHFR C677T polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results: Compared with controls, patients had a significantly higher homocysteine level (16.4 ± 9.8 vs 9.6 ± 4.5 µmol/L; P < 0.001) and a significantly lower folate level (3.2 ± 0.9 vs 6.5 ± 3.2 µg/L; P < 0.001). C677T MTHFR polymorphism genotype frequencies were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. After adjustment for MTHFR C677T genotypes, hypofolatemia, hypovitamin B12 and for potential confounding factors, the odds ratio (OR) of hyperhomocysteinemia associated with bipolar disorder remained significant (OR, 5.53; 95% confidence interval: 1.92–15.86; P = 0.001). In patients, there was no significant change in hyperhomocysteinemia, hypofolatemia and hypovitamin B12 with regard to the clinical and therapeutic characteristics, whereas the highest prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia was found in depressive patients and when illness duration was >12 years. Hypofolatemia was seen in all patients on lithium and in the majority of patients on carbamazepine, and the highest prevalence of hypovitamin B12 was noted in patients taking carbamazepine. Conclusion: Hyperhomocysteinemia was more frequent in bipolar I patients independent of C677T polymorphism. Patients had reduced levels of folate, which modulates homocysteine metabolism. Indeed, this finding indicates that folate supplementation may be appropriate for bipolar patients with hyperhomocysteinemia. 相似文献
46.
Oligodendrogliomas are the tumors of normal glial cells of brain called oligodendrocytes. They represent a small proportion of childhood brain tumors and are infrequently encountered in the posterior fossa. CT scan and MRI are very helpful for the preoperative management of oligodendrogliomas. However, due to the rarity and non-specific imaging features, it may be difficult to differentiate oligodendroglioma from astrocytoma especially in an infratentorial location. The short- and long-term outcome and the exact treatment protocol of posterior fossa oligodendroglioma is yet to be established. We report a rare case of an oligodendroglioma of the vermis in an 8-year-old female with a brief review of the literature. 相似文献
47.
Onychomycosis is the most frequently encountered nail disease and may be difficult to diagnose and treat. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, the clinical and mycological characteristics of onychomycosis in central Tunisia. It is a retrospective study performed over a 22‐year period (1986–2007). It included 7151 patients (4709 women and 2442 men) with suspected fingernails and/or toenails onychomycosis. The patients were referred to the Mycology‐Parasitology Laboratory of Farhat Hached hospital in Sousse for mycological examination. Both direct microscopy and culture of the nail material were performed to diagnose and identify the causative fungal species. Onychomycosis was confirmed in 78.6% of investigated patients (5624/7151). The positivity rate was higher in women as compared with men. In both men and women, fingernails were most frequently involved than toenails. No significant relation was found between gender and toenails onychomycosis, whereas fingernails were frequently involved in women. As far as aetiological agents are considered, dermatophytes, yeast and moulds were responsible for 49.9%, 47.4% and 2.7% of onyxis cases respectively. In fingernail infections, yeast were the most frequent fungi (83.6%), Candida albicans being the leading species (51.6%). In contrast, in toenail infections, dermatophytes were more frequent (74.1%). Trichophyton rubrum was by far the dominant species (88.1%). Yeast were observed more frequently in women whereas dermatophytes were more common in men. Moulds were involved in 4.2% of cases. The most frequent species were Aspergillus sp. and Chrysosporium sp. Onychomycosis is a frequent disease in central Tunisia. T. rubrum is the predominant agent in toenails infection and yeast, mainly C. albicans, in fingernails onychomycosis. 相似文献
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49.
Lekana-Douki JB Bongui JB Oyegue Liabagui SL Zang Edou SE Zatra R Bisvigou U Druilhe P Lebibi J Toure Ndouo FS Kombila M 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2011,133(3):1103-1108
Aim of the study
As part of a project to identify new compounds active on malarial parasites, we tested the in vitro antiplasmodial activity of nine plants traditionally used to treat malaria symptoms in Haut-Ogooué Province, South-East Gabon.Materials and methods
Dichloromethane and methanolic extracts of each plant were tested for their antiplasmodial activity on two chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum (FCB and W2), based on lactate dehydrogenase activity. Cytotoxicity was assessed with the MTT test on MRC-5 human diploid embryonic lung cells.Results
The methanolic extract of Staudtia gabonensis and the dichloromethane extract of Adhatoda latibracteata showed high antiplasmodial activity (IC50 < 1 μg/ml) and low cytotoxicity, with selectivity indexes of about 58.25 and 16.43, respectively. The methanolic extract of Monodora myristica and the dichloromethane extract of Afromomum giganteum also showed promising activity (1 < IC50 < 10 μg/ml) and low cytotoxicity, with selectivity indexes about 15.70 and 12.48, respectively. Dichloromethane extracts of Monodora myristica and Leonotis Africana showed moderate activity (10 < IC50 < 40 μg/ml), with selectivity indexes about 6.07 and 28.89, respectively. Both extracts of Culcasia lancifolia had IC50 values of 10-40 μg/ml but high cytotoxicity (selectivity indexes <2.77). The methanolic extract of Dorstenia klaineana had moderate antiplasmodial activity (IC50 around 17 μg/ml) but strong cytotoxicity (0.43 μg/ml), giving a selectivity index of about 0.03.Conclusions
Most extracts of nine selected plants traditionally used to treat malaria in Gabon had interesting antiplasmodial activity in vitro. This supports continued investigations of traditional medicines in the search for new antimalarial agents. The compounds responsible for the observed antiplasmodial effects are under investigation. 相似文献50.
Imed Harrabi Jihene Maatoug Mehdi Gaha Raoudha Kebaili Rafika Gaha Hassen Ghannem 《Indian Journal of Community Medicine》2010,35(1):94-99