The diagnostic usefulness of intraepithelial cells with irregular nuclear contours (CINC) (squiggle cells) in esophageal endoscopic biopsies was investigated in 76 children (range age: 6 months-12 years) with gastroesophageal reflux disease. A further 20 subjects (range age: 10 months-11 years) served as controls. Based on the microscopic changes of the esophagus, according to traditional histological criteria, four groups of patients were identified: esophagitis was severe in 27, moderate in 20, mild in 21, and 8 patients had no clear-cut evidence of microscopic esophagitis. Data are given as mean±sd. Intraepithelial CINC had an immunohistochemical profile consistent with T lymphocytes. Patients with severe esophagitis had a CINC density (number per high-power field) (9.0±3.5) significantly higher than patients with mild esophagitis (7.0±3.0) and those without evidence of microscopic esophagitis (6.5±1.9) (P<0.05), but not different from those with moderate esophagitis (8.0±3.6); in all patient groups the CINC density was higher than in controls (2.2±0.3) (P<0.01). The percentage of reflux at 24-hr intraesophageal pH monitoring was higher in severe esophagitis patients (11.4±6.0) as compared to the other groups (moderate: 7.8±6.3; mild: 6.5±3.6; no microscopic esophagitis: 6.3±2.0;P<0.05). There was no correlation between CINC density and the amount of intraesophageal acid exposure in all patients. Furthermore, 27 of our patients had a normal intraesophageal acid exposure at the prolonged pH test (24-hr % of reflux 4.5): the CINC density was significantly higher in them than in the controls. We conclude that intraepithelial CINC in esophageal endoscopic biopsies from children with reflux disease represent a sensitive and early criterion of esophageal mucosa damage; they should be scanned in addition to the traditional histological parameters of acid-related esophageal inflammation.Presented in an abstract form at the 28th Annual Meeting of the European Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Jerusalem, May 28–June 1, 1995. 相似文献
The possibility that isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) inhibits platelet function in humans has been explored in vitro and in vivo. Incubation of citrated plateletrich plasma from healthy subjects with scalar concentrations (1.25, 12.5 and 125 μg/ml) of ISDN for 5 and 10 minutes resulted in a decrease in platelet aggregation after ADP, adrenaline, and arachidonic acid at the highest drug concentration (mean decrease: 72% [p < 0.01], 56% [p < 0.05] and 62% [p < 0.05], respectively, with the 10-minute incubation). Also, a significant reduction (30%) in generated thromboxane (TX)B2 levels was observed after arachidonic acid (p < 0.01). ISDN was then infused at rate of 4 mg/hour for 30 minutes in 11 patients with angina and at a rate of 30 mg/hour for 20 minutes in 8. The smaller dose, which caused minor changes in arterial pressure and heart rate, was accompanied by a marked, significant decrease in ADP- and adrenaline-induced aggregation, with a nadir at 60 minutes from the infusion stop (decreases of 40% and 51% respectively). Circulating platelet aggregates also decreased, with a minimum (? 41%, p < 0.05) at the end of the infusion. The higher infusion rate, causing marked hemodynamic effects, was not accompanied by the occurrence of clear antiplatelet effects. Thus, ISDN can affect platelet function both in vitro and in vivo. The in vivo effect occurs at lower concentrations than in vitro but is blunted when a marked hemodynamic response occurs. 相似文献
Introduction: Increasing device implantations, patient comorbidities, and longer life expectancy contribute to an increased need for lead extraction. Even if transvenous lead extraction (TLE) is a highly successful procedure, some serious procedural complications are reported. In order to identify those patients who are at higher risk, risk stratification scores were proposed.
Areas covered: The major obstacles to lead extractions are represented by the body’s response to the foreign implanted material and by the following development of fibrotic reaction between the lead and the vascular system. Several clinical factors and device features are associated with major complications and worse outcomes. Although different multiparametric scores predicting the safety and the efficacy of TLE procedures were reported, none of these scores were prospective evaluated.
Expert commentary: A correct risk stratification is needed in order to refer complex patients to centers with proven experience and avoid futile procedures. Furthermore, the identification of high-risk patients allows to perform the extraction procedure in the operating room instead of electrophysiology lab. Albeit some risk scores able to predict adverse event in cardiac lead extraction were described, there are still several limitations to their use and reproducibility. 相似文献
Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis - Several studies have shown that T-cells might be involved in pathophysiology of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Tissue factor (TF) plays a key role in ACS.... 相似文献
Metabolic Brain Disease - Neonatal seizures (NS) occur in the first 28 days of life; they represent an important emergency that requires a rapid diagnostic work-up to start a prompt... 相似文献
The long-term changes of liver stiffness (LS) in patients who achieve viral clearance after direct-acting anti-HCV therapy remain undefined. We conducted a multicentre prospective study to investigate this aspect. Patients with HCV infection treated with DAAs were enrolled from six Italian centres; they underwent clinical, biochemical, ultrasound and transient elastography evaluations before treatment (T0), 12 weeks (SVR12) and 24 months (T24) after the end of therapy. Among the 516 consecutive patients enrolled, 301 had cirrhosis. LS significantly decreased from T0 to SVR (14.3 vs 11.1 kPa, p = .002), with a progressive reduction until T24 (8.7 kPa, p < .001). However, only patients with steatosis and those who developed HCC did not experience a late improvement in LS. Multivariate analysis of baseline and follow-up variables identified steatosis as the only independent predictor of failure of LS improvement (OR 1.802, p = .013). ROC curve analysis of the association of LS with the risk of developing HCC showed that SVR12 ≥14.0 kPa had the highest accuracy (sensitivity 82%, specificity 99%; AUC: 0.774). Multivariate analysis revealed that LS was the only variable independently associated with an increased risk of developing HCC (OR 6.470, p = .035). Achieving an SVR was associated with a progressive, long-term decline of LS, suggesting a late improvement in liver fibrosis, besides the resolution of inflammation. Fatty liver and the development of HCC interfered with late reduction of LS. Patients with an LS ≥14 kPa at 12 weeks after the end of treatment were at higher risk for developing HCC. 相似文献
There has been a debate about the possibility of a link between silicone breast implants and the onset of systemic connective tissue diseases (eg, scleroderma, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis) and other inflammatory pathologies, such as silicone implant associated syndrome and adult Still disease. We report a case of adult Still disease in a patient with a silicone gel breast implant. The disease regressed with steroidal treatment, and the patient is now no longer steroid-dependent, although the implant is still in place. 相似文献